SPACE EXPLORATION
 
Spacecraft — kosmik kema
Astronaut — astronavt, kosmonavt
Orbit — orbita, sayyora atrofidagi yo‘l
Launch — uchirish, parvozga chiqarish
Mission — kosmik missiya, vazifa
Exploration — tadqiq qilish, o‘rganish
Gravity — tortishish kuchi
Liftoff — raketaning yerdan ko‘tarilishi
Space station — kosmik stansiya
Rocket propulsion — raketa harakatlantiruvchi tizimi
Extraterrestrial — Yerdan tashqaridagi
Celestial body — osmon jismi
Asteroid — asteroid
Comet — kometa
Unmanned spacecraft — boshqaruvchisiz kosmik kema
Space debris — kosmik chiqindilar
Habitable — yashash uchun yaroqli
Interplanetary — sayyoralararo
Discover — kashf qilmoq
Scientific breakthrough — ilmiy yutuq, katta ilmiy kashfiyot

Муваффақиятнинг отаси кўп

Канадалик шоир, эссеист ва таржимон Энн Карсон 2026 йилги Адабиёт бўйича Нобель мукофотига сазовор бўлди. Аммо унинг университетлар билан боғлиқ академик фаолиятига назар ташласак, қизиқ бир ҳолатга дуч келамиз.

Принстон университети Энн Карсонни доцентликдан профессорликка (tenure) тавсия қилишга муносиб деб ҳисобламаган. Макгилл университетида эса Классика кафедраси ёпилганидан кейин у дарс беришни давом эттира олмаган. Энди эса ҳамма уни ўзиники қилиб кўрсатишга шошилмоқда…

Нобель мукофоти эълон қилингач, Принстон унинг бу ерда дарс берганини, Макгилл эса собиқ профессори эканини эслатиб, ғалабани ўз ютуғидек нишонламоқда.

Хаёт қизиқда, муваффақиятгача сиз ҳеч кимсиз, муваффақиятдан кейин эса сизни ҳамма ўзиники қилиб кўрсатишга уринади: кечагина сизни пайқамаганлар бугун сизни аввалдан билганини, қўллаб-қувватлаганини айтишга шошилади.

O'quvchilar ham xuddi shunaqa IELTS 7+ olsa, hamma o'quv markazlar bizni o'quvchi deb chiqargisi kelaveradi. Hammamizga faqat yaxshi natijalar nasib etsin, jigarlar

Reading part 1

In recent years, there has been a shift away from the traditional gender roles, with men and women increasingly participating in full-time work. It is, therefore, suggested that household chores should be equally distributed between husbands and wives. While this change towards shared responsibility can bring about several issues, I believe a fair distribution of household tasks can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious partnership.
The suggestion that men and women should divide household tasks equally may challenge societal expectations and gender roles. Despite the strides made in terms of bringing gender equality into different facets of our lives, deeply embedded social norms can still influence individuals’ attitude and behavior. These norms can create resistance or conflict when attempting to establish an equal distribution of household chores.
On a more individual level, partners have different approaches and standards when it comes to completing household tasks. One partner may feel that their efforts are undervalued or that the other partner’s work is not up to their expectations. For example, when doing laundry, one partner may focus on getting the laundry done quickly and efficiently, following a basic routine of sorting, washing, and drying, while the other partner takes a more meticulous approach, paying attention to the type of fabric and washing powder and temperature. Overtime, this can lead to disagreements and tension in the relationship.
In my opinion, however, sharing household activities equally brings balance into the relationship. Firstly, when household chores are evenly distributed, both partners share the responsibilities and workload in maintaining the home. This promotes mutual respect and a sense of fairness and equity within the relationship, preventing one partner from being overburdened and overwhelmed.
Apart from this, partners can enjoy the increased quality of life. Once they divide tasks equitably, both of them have more time and energy available for other activities such as hobbies and quality time together. This allows a better work-life balance and more opportunities to engage in shared experiences, strengthening the bond and intimacy within the partnership.
In conclusion, the equal distribution of tasks in the house is a new phenomenon and therefore, challenges societal and gender norms and there is also the problem of partners having to meet each other’s expectations within the relationship. However, this shift helps partners achieve balance and harmony in the relationship as it promotes fairness and it also increases the quality of life.
Vocabulary: Definitions & Examples
1. a shift away from or to shift away from something – to gradually move away from a particular thing, concept, or practice towards a different one. It means a change in focus, preference, or strategy.
Example: 1) In response to growing environmental concerns, many companies are beginning to shift away from traditional fossil fuel sources and invest in renewable energy alternatives. 2) In an effort to promote a healthier lifestyle, the school district decided to shift away from serving sugary snacks and beverages in vending machines, and instead, introduced a variety of nutritious options
2. To Bring about – to cause or make something happen.
Examples: 1) The new government policies aim to bring about positive economic growth and job creation. 2) The invention of the internet brought about a revolution in communication and information sharing.
3) The sudden increase in demand for organic products has brought about a shift in consumer preferences.
3. To challenge – to question/contest/ or dispute/disagree something
Examples: 1) The student challenged the math teacher's explanation, asking for further clarification. 2) She challenged the conventional wisdom by proposing a unique solution to the problem.

4. On a more personal level – to look at something from a personal or personal perspective. This phrase is used how a particular thing affects some individuals rather than society or a large group of people.
Examples: On a more individual level, the impact of the pandemic varied for each person, with some experiencing greater challenges and others adapting more easily.
2) When discussing career choices on a more individual level, it's important to consider personal interests, skills, and aspirations, rather than solely focusing on external factors.
5. To undervalue – to underestimate/underappreciate
Examples: The team's achievements were consistently undervalued by their supervisor, leading to demotivation among the members. 2) The artist's incredible talent often goes unnoticed and undervalued in the art world.
6. (Live) up to someone’s expectations – to meet someone’s hopes, standards and desires. To satisfy or deliver what someone expects.
Examples: The book had received rave reviews, but when I read it, I found that it didn't live up to my expectations. 2) The team prepared extensively for the upcoming competition, determined to perform up to their coach's high expectations.
7. To be overburdened – to have too many things to do or responsibilities or pressure.
Examples: The single mother was overburdened with taking care of her children, working full-time, and managing household chores.
2) John became overburdened with his job because he was given additional tasks without any extra help or support.
3) The small business owner felt overburdened with managing all aspects of the business, from finances to customer service.
8. To be overwhelmed - to feel extremely stressed or flooded with too many things to handle or understand all at once.
Examples : James felt overwhelmed with schoolwork because he had a lot of assignments and projects due.
2) Mary was overwhelmed with the amount of information she had to learn for her history exam.
Grammar: explanation and examples
1. In recent years, there has been a shift away from the traditional gender roles, with men and women increasingly participating in full-time work.
Using ‘with’ to connect two sentences – can be used instead of ‘and/but’
The educational landscape has transformed significantly and online learning platforms became increasingly prevalent
The educational landscape has transformed significantly, with online learning platforms becoming increasingly prevalent,
The retail industry has undergone a dramatic change and e-commerce platforms experienced exponential growth
The retail industry has undergone a dramatic change, with e-commerce platforms experiencing exponential growth,
2. While this change towards shared responsibility can bring about several issues, I believe a fair distribution of household tasks can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious partnership.
Using ‘while’ to propose two contrasting/comparing ideas/facts: While some people thing X, others think Y.
While some people think history is important, other believe children should focus on other subjects.
While some people prefer to work in a structured office environment, others thrive while working remotely and enjoy the flexibility it provides.
While some people enjoy the hustle and bustle of city life, others prefer the tranquility and peacefulness of rural areas.
3. Despite the strides made in terms of bringing gender equality into different facets of our lives, deeply embedded social norms can still influence individuals’ attitude and behavior.
‘Despite’ is used to show a contrast or contradiction between two ideas
It is followed by a noun/noun phrase/gerund NOT subject+verb.
Despite the heavy rain, the athletes continued their training session Despite the criticism from others, he remained confident in his abilities. Despite the lack of experience, she took on the leadership role with determination.
4. Once they divide tasks equitably, both of them have more time and energy available for other activities such as hobbies and quality time together.

Using ‘once’ instead of ‘when’ – these two connectives have almost the same meaning
When people understand the importance of higher education, they are more likely to commit to their studies
Once people understand the importance of higher education, they are more likely to commit to their studies.
5. This allows a better work-life balance and more opportunities to engage in shared experiences, strengthening the bond and intimacy within the partnership.
Using a gerund to connect two sentences:
Normally can be used instead of ‘and’:
This allows a better work-life balance and more opportunities to engage in shared experiences and this strengthening the bond and intimacy within the partnership.
This allows a better work-life balance and more opportunities to engage in shared experiences, strengthening the bond and intimacy within the partnership.
Reading is beneficial and it broadens people’s outlook
Reading is beneficial, broadening people’s outlook.
VOCABULARY EXERCISES
Paraphrase the sentences using the words/phrases in brackets
1. Company recently stopped producing food and now it only produces beverages.(shift away from)
________________________________________________________________________
2. A number of other problems can be caused by neglecting environmental problems( bring about)
________________________________________________________________________
3. The public questioned(=doubted) the validity of recent government policies (to challenge)
________________________________________________________________________
4.John felt his contributions to the team were not respected enough and so, he left the team(undervalue)
________________________________________________________________________
5.Many people praised the book but when I read it I didn’t really enjoy it.(Live up to one’s expectations)
________________________________________________________________________
6. Liza had a lot of things to deal with such as taking care of children, doing the laundry and preparing meals for the kids. (overburden/overwhelm)
________________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR EXERCISES
Paraphrase the sentences using words/connectives in brackets
1. the way people communicate has changed and many people choose to communicate via social media websites( use ‘with’)
________________________________________________________________________
2. My brother thinks that electric cars are a waste of money but my father believes electric cars has a lot of benefits (use ‘while’)
________________________________________________________________________
3. He has huge experience in the field but he was not chosen for the job( use ‘despite’)
________________________________________________________________________
4. When people understand why sports are important, they pay more attention to keeping fit(use ‘once)
________________________________________________________________________
5. Sports have a number of benefits for people and they make people both physically and mentally strong.( use a gerund phrase) Note: refer to grammar explanations if you cannot paraphrase the sentences.

Describe a time someone gave you money as a gift.
• When you received money
• Who the person was
• Why he/she gave you money
And how did you feel about the gift.

Let me tell you about the time my parents gave me some money as a present.
So you know during Tet holiday, adults often give children red envelopes with paper
money inside. Traditionally, these notes are a bless for a new year of good health, luck
and happiness. However, this custom has become something ugly as many children do
not understand such gestures and think of these gifts as nothing more than some extra
pocket money. I was no exception.
For years, my parents have always been the most generous people when it comes to the
amount of money I received in these red envelopes. Sometimes they gave me a million
VND, which was like a fortune to a kid at the time. However, about five to six years ago,
when I received a two dollar note, which was about 40 thousand VND, from my parent’s
envelope, I was super disappointed. No further explanations were given for the lost of
the lion share of my “income” during Tet that year.
Once I have to start giving out money, I begin to understand what my parents was
trying to teach me. Kids need to realize that lucky money are only meant for good
luck. I hated to see that the first thing many kids do after receiving my envelopes is to
immediately check how much they “earn”. My future kids, therefore, should not expect
a thick envelope from me during Tet.

Writing Task 2 - 11 October

Some people think students should work part time while studying, but others think they should only study.

Discuss both views and give your opinion about which option is best.

Some people argue that students should take part-time jobs while studying, whereas others believe their attention should be devoted entirely to education. Although employment can provide valuable experience, I think students should work only when it does not interfere with their studies.

A job can help students become financially independent and reduce pressure on their families. Earning even a modest wage can cover transport, books and personal expenses, giving students greater control over their budgets. It also teaches practical skills that classrooms may not provide, such as communication, time management and responsibility. For example, a student working in a shop learns to deal with customers and colleagues, which may be useful in a future career. Part-time work can therefore make graduates more employable.

However, studying requires substantial time and concentration. Students who work long hours may become tired, miss classes or have too little time to complete assignments. This can lower their grades and limit their understanding of important subjects. These risks are particularly serious during examinations or in demanding courses such as medicine and engineering. In addition, some students may feel pressured to accept excessive shifts because they need the income.

In my view, education should remain a student's main priority, but a carefully chosen part-time job can be beneficial. Students should work a limited number of hours, ideally in flexible roles that fit around their timetable. Those who can afford not to work should use their free time for study, rest and extracurricular activities instead. Overall, part-time employment is worthwhile only when it supports, rather than undermines, academic success.