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👉አድራሻ፦  መርካቶ ምንአለሽ ተራ ከጭድ ተራ ከፍ ብሎ

https://t.me/tsegaye2016Jbolt

👉የአባይ ግድብ ግዝፈት‼️

💫በግድቡ ምክንያት የተፈጠረው የሰው ሰራሽ ሀይቅ የቆዳ ስፋቱ 1874 ስኩየር ኪ.ሜትር ነው።

🚧ከግድቡ ጫፍ እስከ እስከ ሀይቁ ጫፍ 240km እርቀት አለው ይህ ማለት ከአዲስ አበባ ሀዋሳ ማለት ነው።

⏺ይህ የሀይቁ ስፋት የአዲስ አበባን አጠቃላይ የቆዳ ስፋትን በ3.5 እጥፍ ይበልጣል።

⏺በተጨማሪም የዚህ ሰው ሰራሽ ሀይቅ ስፋት ዘጠኝ ሀገራትን ይበልጣል። ይህም ማልታ፣ሲሸልስ፣ኮሞሮስ፣ሲንጋፖር፣ሆንግኮንግ...የመሳሰሉ ሀገራትን በቆዳ ስፋት ይበልጣል።

⏺በሀይቁ ምክንያት የተፈጠሩ ደሴቶች በኢትዮጵያ ዋና ዋና ነገስታት ተሰይመዋል።

⭐️ንግሥት ዘውዲቱ ደሴት፣ አፄ ሀይለስላሴ ደሴት፣ምንሊክ ደሴት፣ አባጅፋር ደሴት...የመሳሰሉት ይገኙበታል።

@etconp

👉ታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ህዳሴ ግድብ በአጠቃላይ ከ13 ተርባይኖች 5,150 ሜጋዋት ማመንጨት የሚችልበት አቅም ላይ ይገኛል።

💧እስካሁን ከ71 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር በላይ ውሃ ተይዟል። ቀሪው 2.1 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ውሃ በመጪዎቹ 7-10 ቀናት ውስጥ ይያዛል።

🔵 በግድቡ የተያዘው ውሃ ወደኋላ ከ246 ኪሎ ሜትር በላይ ይተኛል፤ እስካሁን ባለው 240 ኪሎ ሜትር ላይ ተደርሷል። ርቀቱ ከአዲስ አበባ እስከ ሻሸመኔ ይሆናል።

(#ቲክቫህ_ኢትዮጵያ)

ኢትዮጵያ ገንብታ ባጠናቀቀችው የታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ህዳሴ ግድብ አማካኝነት ኃይል እያገኘች ትገኛለች። የኃይል ማመንጫ ግድቡ ነሐሴ 24/2017 ላይ 2530 ሜጋ ዋት በማመንጨት ኃይል መስጠት ችሏል።

ለመሆኑ ግድቡ ተጠናቋል ሲባል ምን ማለት ነው ?

የታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ህዳሴ ግድብ ዋናው ግድብ በ1.8 ኪሎ ሜትር እርዝማኔና 145 ሜትር ከፍታ ተገንብቶ ተጠናቋል። በአጠቃላይ ከ10 ሚሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ያህል ኮንክሪት (RCC) ሙሌት ተካሂዷል።

የግድቡ የስረኛው ክፍል 150 ሜትር ስፋት አለው። የላይኛው ክፍል ደግሞ 11 ሜትር ስፋት ሲኖረው ሁለት መኪኖችን ጎን ለጎን ማሳለፍ ይችላል።

ኃይል ማመንጨት የሚችሉ 13 ተርባይኖች ተከላ የተጠናቀቀ ሲሆን ከእነዚህ ተርባይኖች 5150 ሜጋ ዋት ኃይል ማመንጨት ይቻላል።

በግድቡ የውጨኛው ክፍል የሚታዩት የብረት አሸንዳዎች በግራ እና በቀኝ በኩል ላሉ ኃይል የሚያመነጩ ተርባይኖች ውኃ የሚተላለፍባቸው ሲሆን እያንዳንዳቸው 8.5 ሜትር ዲያሜትር ስፋት አላቸው። 300 ሜትር ኪዩብ በሰከንድ ማሳለፍ አቅም አላቸው።

በግራ የኃይል ማመንጫ 7 ተርባይኖች ሲኖሩ በቀኝ የኃይል ማመንጫ ደግሞ 6 ተርባይኖች ሙሉ ለሙሉ ተከላቸው ተጠናቋል። ከዚህ ውስጥ 3ቱ የቅድመ ኃይል ተርባይኖች በመጠን አነስ ያሉ ሲሆን ቀሪዎቹ 10 ተርባይኖች እያንዳንዳቸው 400 ሜጋ ዋት የማመንጨት አቅም አላቸው።

ግድቡ ያመነጨው ኃይል በሁለት መስመሮች ማለትም በጣና በለስ አድርጎ በደብረ ማርቆስ እንደዚሁም በአሶሳ አድርጎ ወደ አዲስ አበባ ብሔራዊ የኃይል ቋት በመግባት ላይ ይገኛል።

ከዋናው ግድብ በተጨማሪ የህዳሴ ግድቡ የኮሬቻ ግድብ (Saddle Dam) ከዋናው ግድብ በ15 ኪሎ ሜትር ርቀት ላይ ይገኛል።

ርዝመቱ 5.2 ኪሎ ሜትር እና 50 ሜትር ከፍታ ላይ ሆኖ ሙሉ ለሙሉ በ15 ሚሊየን ሜትሪክ ኪዩብ ድንጋይ የተሞላ ነው። የተያዘው ውሃ ሾልኮ እንዳያልፍ ከ30-40 ሴንቲ ሜትር ውፍረት ባለው ኮንክሪት ተለብጧል።

እስካሁን  ከ71 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር በላይ ውሃ ተይዟል። አጠቃላይ ግድቡ የሚይዘው 74 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ውሃ ነው፤ የሚቀረው ከ2.1 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ያልበለጠ ነው።

ቀሪው 2.1 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ውሃ በመጪዎቹ 7-10 ቀናት ውስጥ ይያዛል።

በግድቡ የተያዘው ውሃ ወደኋላ ከ246 ኪሎ ሜትር በላይ ይተኛል። እስካሁን ባለው 240 ኪሎ ሜትር ላይ ተደርሷል። ርቀቱ ከአዲስ አበባ እስከ ሻሸመኔ ያልፋል።

የኮሬቻ (saddle dam) 74 ቢሊየን ኪዩቢክ ሜትር ውሃ ለመያዝ ወይም የሚያመነጨውን 5150 ሜጋዋት ለማመንጨት የሚያስፈልገውን የውሃ መጠን ለመያዝ በጣም አስፈላጊ ነው።

Via ቲክቫህ ኢትዮጵያ

@etconp

ADVERTISMENT

ታምራት ፕሌት እና ጄ ቦልት አቅራቢ

✅የምንሰጣቸው አገልግሎቶች

🔅 ፕሌት any Size & thickness
🔅 ጄ ቦልት (ጥርስ ማዉጣትና ማጠፍ)

🔅 የተለያዩ  [modefic] ስራዎችን እንሰራለን።

♦️ ማንኛዉንም ብረታ ብረት እንገዛለን።

☎️ስልክ 0904040477 ወይም 0911016833 ደውለው ያግኙን
📱ቴሌግራም ላይ ፦https://t.me/heavenic1

አድራሻ፦  ቁ 1.መርካቶ
                ቁ.2 አየር ጤና  ኪዳነ ምህረት

ጥራትና ታማኝነት መለያችን ነው።
ታምራት ፕሌት እና ጄ ቦልት አቅራቢ

Road longitudinal cracking and edge distress Problem:

This is common pavement failures.

Possible reasons include:

1. Poor Joint Construction
If the road was built in sections (lane-by-lane or in strips), poor bonding at the longitudinal joint can lead to cracks along the seam.

2. Differential Settlement
Uneven support from the subgrade or sub-base, possibly due to poor compaction or variable soil conditions, causes one side to sink slightly.

3. Inadequate Drainage
Water infiltration weakens the base and subgrade, reducing load-carrying capacity and leading to cracking along weaker zones.

4. Thermal Expansion and Contraction
Asphalt expands and contracts with temperature changes, creating stress along joints and edges if not properly designed or sealed.

5. Traffic Loading
Heavy or repeated loads (especially trucks) accelerate cracking along weak joints and edges where pavement support is less.

6. Poor Quality Materials
Use of low-quality asphalt mix/ insufficient binder can cause premature cracking.

👉SITE BOOK

💫In construction, a site book (sometimes called a site diary, site log, or site register) is an official record used to document daily activities, progress, issues, and instructions on a construction site.

📜Key Purposes

🎲1. Daily Progress Tracking

⏺Records work completed each day, weather conditions, manpower, and machinery used.

🎲2. Communication & Instructions

⏺Used by the Resident Engineer (RE), Project Manager, or Supervisors to issue instructions or note observations for the contractor.

🎲3. Quality & Safety Documentation

⏺Logs inspections, tests, safety incidents, and compliance with specifications.

🎲4. Evidence & Dispute Resolution

⏺Acts as legal evidence in case of claims, delays, or disputes between parties.

🚧Typical Entries

*Date, weather, and site conditions

*Manpower and equipment on site

*Work completed (by section or activity)

*Instructions given by RE or Consultant

*Safety incidents or quality control checks

*Delays, disruptions, or variations

*Visitor records (e.g., inspectors)

❇️Who Maintains It?

⏺Usually kept on site and maintained by the Contractor or Site Engineer, but entries can be made by the Consultant, RE, or Client Representative as well.

@etconp

👉What problems occur in the higher grade of concrete mix design?

💫Higher grades of concrete mix design, such as those with a compressive strength of 40 MPa (megapascals) and above, can present several challenges.

⭐️Here are some common problems associated with high-grade concrete:

🚧1. Workability Issues

⏺Reduced Workability: Higher strength concrete typically has lower water content, which can make it more difficult to mix, place, and finish.

⏺Need for Admixtures: To improve workability, chemical admixtures like superplasticizers may be necessary, which can complicate the mix design.

🚧2. Segregation and Bleeding

⏺Segregation: The use of lower water-to-cement ratios can lead to segregation of aggregates, especially in highly fluid mixes.
⏺Bleeding: Higher grades may also experience bleeding, where excess water rises to the surface, potentially affecting the surface finish.

🚧3. Curing Challenges
Curing

⏺Requirements: Higher-grade concrete requires careful curing to achieve desired strength. Insufficient curing can lead to cracking and reduced durability.
Temperature
⏺Sensitivity: High-strength mixes are sensitive to temperature variations during curing, which can affect hydration and strength development.

🚧4. Shrinkage and Cracking

⏺Higher Shrinkage: The lower water content can lead to increased shrinkage, resulting in cracking, especially in large pours.
⏺Thermal Cracking: Rapid temperature changes during curing can also cause thermal cracking, necessitating temperature control measures.

🚧5. Cost Implications

⏺Material Costs: Higher-grade concrete often requires more expensive materials, such as higher-quality aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), increasing overall costs.
⏺Labor Costs: The need for skilled labor to handle and place the concrete effectively can also add to project expenses.

🚧6. Durability Considerations

⏺Permeability Issues: While higher grades can be more durable, they may also be more susceptible to permeability issues if not designed correctly, leading to potential durability problems over time.

⏺Long-Term : Ensuring that the concrete maintains its strength and durability over its service life requires careful selection of materials and mix design.

🚧7. Mix Design Complexity

⏺Complexity in Design: Designing a high-strength mix requires a thorough understanding of materials and their interactions, making the mix design process more complex.
⏺Testing Requirements: More rigorous testing and quality control measures are often needed to ensure that the mix meets the desired specifications.

📜Conclusion

⏺Overall, while high-grade concrete offers advantages in strength and performance, it also presents several challenges that must be carefully managed through appropriate mix design, material selection, and construction practices.

@etconp

👉በ 14 ዓመታት የታላቁ የሕዳሴ ግድብ ግንባታ ጉዞ ውስጥ ከ15ሺ በላይ ሰዎች ሕይወታቸው አልፏል !!

💥ሕዳሴ የደም ዋጋም ተከፍሎበታል !

ሪፖርተር የእንግሊዘኛው መጽሔት ከውሃና ኢነርጂ ሚኒስትሩ ኢንጂነር ሃብታሙ ኢተፋ ጋር ያደረገውን ቆይታ አውጥቷል።

በቆይታው ማብቂያ ጠያቂው ጋዜጠኛ በእውቀት አበበ ይህን ጠየቀ ...እርሳቸውም መለሱ

Is it true that as many as 15,000 people died while building the dam over the past 14 years?

Yes, that is true.

በገንዘብ በጊዜና በብዙ መስዋዕትነት ብቻ አይደለም ሕዳሴ በ15 ሺ የአገራችን ልጆች ደምም ጭምር ነው የተገነበው😢❤

©️ ኤርሚያስ በጋሻው ገሰሰ

📜ሪፖርተር ጋዜጣ ከውሃና ኢነርጂ ሚኒስትር ሃብታሙ ኢተፋ ጋር ያደረጉትን ሙሉ ቃልመጠየቅ አንበቡ👇

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