👉How to Measure Sand & Aggregate in a Dumper
🚧Accurately measuring the quantity of sand or aggregate delivered to the site is a key responsibility for any site engineer or quantity surveyor. This image illustrates a practical method to calculate the volume of a dumper using basic geometry.
⏺Formula: Volume = Length x Width x Height
📜In this case, two different lengths of the dumper are measured:
- Front (L1) = 6 m
- Rear (L2) = 5.5 m
So, the average length = (6+5.5)/2 = 5.75 m
- Width (B) = 1.7 m
- Height (H) = 2 m
📍Calculated Volume: 5.75 x 1.7 x 2 = 19.55 cubic meters
💫This technique is extremely useful to verify material quantities on-site and prevent shortages or overbilling.
@etconp
🚧Accurately measuring the quantity of sand or aggregate delivered to the site is a key responsibility for any site engineer or quantity surveyor. This image illustrates a practical method to calculate the volume of a dumper using basic geometry.
⏺Formula: Volume = Length x Width x Height
📜In this case, two different lengths of the dumper are measured:
- Front (L1) = 6 m
- Rear (L2) = 5.5 m
So, the average length = (6+5.5)/2 = 5.75 m
- Width (B) = 1.7 m
- Height (H) = 2 m
📍Calculated Volume: 5.75 x 1.7 x 2 = 19.55 cubic meters
💫This technique is extremely useful to verify material quantities on-site and prevent shortages or overbilling.
@etconp
❤13
👉Do You Have Problem at Road Estimation?
🚧Project Details:
⏺Length of Road: 1,000 meters
⏺Width of Road: 7 meters
⏺Thickness of Asphalt Layer: 0.10 meters (10 cm)
🏷1. Road Area Calculation:
Area = Length × Width = 1000 m × 7 m = 7000 m²
🏷2. Volume of Asphalt:
Volume = Area × Thickness = 7000 m² × 0.10 m = 700 m³
🏷3. Conversion to Tons (Density of Asphalt ≈ 2.4 ton/m³): Total Asphalt = 700 m³ × 2.4 ton/m³ = 1680 tons
🏷4. Material Cost Estimation (example rates):
📍Asphalt per ton: $85
🎲Total Cost = 1680 tons × $85 = $142,800
🏷5. Additional Costs (Example):
⏺Transportation: $5,000
⏺Labor: $8,000
⏺Equipment Rental: $10,000
⏺Miscellaneous (5%): $7,140
🚧6. Total Estimated Cost:
⏺Material Cost = $142,800
⏺Transportation = $5,000
⏺Labor = $8,000
⏺Equipment Rental = $10,000
⏺Miscellaneous (5%) = $7,140
--------------------------------
❇️Grand Total 9= $172,940
@etconp
🚧Project Details:
⏺Length of Road: 1,000 meters
⏺Width of Road: 7 meters
⏺Thickness of Asphalt Layer: 0.10 meters (10 cm)
🏷1. Road Area Calculation:
Area = Length × Width = 1000 m × 7 m = 7000 m²
🏷2. Volume of Asphalt:
Volume = Area × Thickness = 7000 m² × 0.10 m = 700 m³
🏷3. Conversion to Tons (Density of Asphalt ≈ 2.4 ton/m³): Total Asphalt = 700 m³ × 2.4 ton/m³ = 1680 tons
🏷4. Material Cost Estimation (example rates):
📍Asphalt per ton: $85
🎲Total Cost = 1680 tons × $85 = $142,800
🏷5. Additional Costs (Example):
⏺Transportation: $5,000
⏺Labor: $8,000
⏺Equipment Rental: $10,000
⏺Miscellaneous (5%): $7,140
🚧6. Total Estimated Cost:
⏺Material Cost = $142,800
⏺Transportation = $5,000
⏺Labor = $8,000
⏺Equipment Rental = $10,000
⏺Miscellaneous (5%) = $7,140
--------------------------------
❇️Grand Total 9= $172,940
@etconp
👍21❤13🥰1
👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
❤5
Lateral supports in masonry walls are provided to prevent:
Anonymous Quiz
21%
A) Vertical cracks
54%
B) Sliding
21%
C) Buckling due to slenderness
4%
D) Creep
👍9
. Which type of paint is most resistant to moisture and humidity, often used in bathrooms?
Anonymous Quiz
11%
A) Matte paint
30%
B) Acrylic paint
53%
C) Epoxy paint
5%
D) Distemper
❤8
Which type of paint finish is most durable and easy to clean for interior walls?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
A) Matte finish
14%
B) Satin finish
38%
C) Glossy finish
36%
D) Flat finish
❤6
1)In route survey, the most suitable method of
contouring is-
contouring is-
Anonymous Quiz
19%
(a) by squares
38%
(b) by radial lines
16%
(c) by c/s
27%
(d) by tachometry
❤8
2)Minimum diameter of the lateral ties should
not be less than
not be less than
Anonymous Quiz
27%
(a) 10 mm
51%
(b) 6 mm
13%
(c) 5 mm
9%
(d) 4 mm
👍3🎉3❤1
1) Bearing capacity increase with the
Anonymous Quiz
24%
a) increase in eccentricity of load
11%
(b) increase in inclination of load
50%
(c) increase in depth of water table below footing twice the width of footing
16%
(d) decrease in unit weight of soil
👍4❤2
Which of the following is not a type of admixture?
Anonymous Quiz
20%
Plasticizers
10%
Air-entraining admixtures
7%
Set-acclerating/ Set-retarding
62%
Water-increasing
🙏3❤2👍2👏1
Workability of concrete depends on:
Anonymous Quiz
42%
Water to cement ratio
8%
Amount of water
48%
Both
2%
None of the abobe
👍6🔥2
Which of the following statements is false?
Anonymous Quiz
25%
C20/25 is a measurement of class strength, pertaining to 25 MPa of compressive strength.
25%
S1 is a consistency class of concrete at the fresh state, and has lower workability than S3.
27%
A superplasticizer can be added to a concrete mix, which raises the water requirement by 20%.
24%
In the Compressive Strength vs. W/C ratio graph, a lower W/C corresponds to a higher Rc [MPa].
❤9
Which characteristic does not necessarily describe a deformation in the elastic region?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
reversible
35%
molecular bonds have no slip
19%
temporary
33%
Stress/ Strain slope is constant
❤5👏3
👩🏫 In concrete, air entrapped during mixing and handling:
Anonymous Quiz
11%
determines the abrasion resistance
22%
increases the resistance to freeze and thaw
16%
has no effect on compressive strength being under the influence of Wan der Waals forces
51%
should be removed by means of compacting system
❤4🙏2
👩🏫 Air-entraining agents are usually used in concrete to:
Anonymous Quiz
25%
reduce the porosity of the cement paste
14%
increase the setting time
16%
avoid the compaction at the construction site
45%
entrain a controlled quantity of air in the form of microscopic bubbles in the cement paste
👍8
👩🏫 The concrete tensile strength is measured:
Anonymous Quiz
38%
usually with the splitting or flexural test
16%
with the hardness test
26%
often with the direct tensile test
20%
it is never measured
👍3🙏2
👩🏫 The grade of concrete strength indicates:
Anonymous Quiz
12%
the characteristic tensile strength after 28 days of curing
33%
the mean compressive strength after 28 days of curing
6%
the rate of development of compressive strength
49%
the characteristic compressive strength after 28 days of curing
❤6
👩🏫 The workability of concrete is a measurement of:
Anonymous Quiz
11%
the resistance to degradation
52%
the flow behaviour
19%
the resistance to plastic shrinkage
18%
the degree of interconnection of capillary pores
❤5👏3
Ethio Construction Engineering
👉What Do You Think The Cause Of The Failure @etconp
👉The failure of the concrete staircase is primarily caused by
improper or insufficient steel reinforcement and poor structural design and execution at the connection point with the upper floor slab.
🚧Details of the Failure
💫Lack of Proper Anchorag:
⏺The image and associated information indicate a critical mistake where the main reinforcement bars of the staircase were not properly anchored into the landing beam or slab above with adequate development length or proper bends (hooks). Instead, they appear to have been cut short or installed incorrectly.
💫Missing or Incorrect Negative Reinforcement:
⏺The diagrams in the image highlight the need for "top" or negative reinforcement bars extending from the top of the stair into the upper slab to handle the tension forces that occur at this connection point when the stair is loaded.
This was likely omitted or installed incorrectly in the failed structure.
💫Structural Weakness:
⏺A staircase is a major structural element that carries significant loads.
⏺Without correct and continuous reinforcement into the supporting structure, the connection point becomes a weak link, leading to a bond failure and collapse as seen in the image.
💫Substandard Workmanship:
⏺This type of failure often results from trying to cut costs, using unqualified labor, or failing to follow approved engineering drawings and building codes.
@etconp
improper or insufficient steel reinforcement and poor structural design and execution at the connection point with the upper floor slab.
🚧Details of the Failure
💫Lack of Proper Anchorag:
⏺The image and associated information indicate a critical mistake where the main reinforcement bars of the staircase were not properly anchored into the landing beam or slab above with adequate development length or proper bends (hooks). Instead, they appear to have been cut short or installed incorrectly.
💫Missing or Incorrect Negative Reinforcement:
⏺The diagrams in the image highlight the need for "top" or negative reinforcement bars extending from the top of the stair into the upper slab to handle the tension forces that occur at this connection point when the stair is loaded.
This was likely omitted or installed incorrectly in the failed structure.
💫Structural Weakness:
⏺A staircase is a major structural element that carries significant loads.
⏺Without correct and continuous reinforcement into the supporting structure, the connection point becomes a weak link, leading to a bond failure and collapse as seen in the image.
💫Substandard Workmanship:
⏺This type of failure often results from trying to cut costs, using unqualified labor, or failing to follow approved engineering drawings and building codes.
@etconp
❤8👍3👏1
👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
❤1