👉በ ግንባታ ላይ ስላለው ወቅታዊ የሰራተኞች እጥረት በተመለከተ ጥቂት ለማለት ...
ለዚህ ጽሁፍ ዋናው መነሻዬ ክቡር ጠቅላይ ሚኒስቴራችን ስለ በግንባታ ላይ ስለሚታየው የሰው ሃይል እጥረት የተናገሩትን በማድመጤ ነው።
በዘርፉ ውስጥ ስለሆነ ያለሁት በየዕለቱ የሚገጥመንን የባለሙያና የቀን (የጉልበት) ሰራተኛ እጥረትን በትክክል በማስቀመጣቸው ከተናገሩት ጋር 100% ስምምነኝ። በጥሩ ተረድተውታል ብዬ አምናለሁ።
ብዙ ወጣቶች ወደ ግንባታው ዘርፍ ከጉልበት ሰራተኛነት ጀምሮ በተለያየ ሙያ በተግባር እየሰለጠኑ ቢቀላቀሉ ለጋሳቸው የተሻለ ገቢ እያገኙ ለሀገራቸውም ጥሩ ገንቢ በመሆን የኑሮ እንቆቅልሻቸውን መፍታት እንደሚችሉ ቋሚ ምስክር ነኝ።
በኮንስትራክሽን ዘርፍ ውስጥ ላለፉት 27ዓመታት ሳሳልፍ የማውቃቸው አብረውኝ ከሃያ ዓመታት በላይ የሰሩ የግንባታ ባለሙያዎች የኑሮ ደረጃን መሻሻል እንደቤተሰብ ተቀራርበን አሁንም እየሰራን እለምንኖር የኑሮ ለውጣቸው ምስክር ነኝ።
ከጥቂቶቹ በስተቀር ቤት ሰርተው ወይም ገዝተው የሚኖሩ ናቸው።
እንደውም በቅርቡ አንዱ ፌራዮ 40/60 ኮንዶሚኒየም ካሽ 6.7ሚሊየን ከፍሎ ሲገዛ አማካሪው እኔ ነበርኩ፣ተጨማሪ ሰው አስልጥነው ቀጥረው የሚያሰሩ፣ ቤተሰባቸውን ኑሮ ውድነት ሳይፈታተናቸው የሚመሩ፣ ቤታቸው ሙሉ የሆነ፣ ልጆቻቸውን በግል ዩኒቨርስቲ ጭምር ከፍለው የሚያስተምሩ፣ አሱዙ ገዝተው ሹፌር ቀጥረው በደቡብ ክልል ለስራ ያሰማሩ ፣ በከተማችን ለራይድ የሚሆን መኪና ገዝተው በትርፍ ጊዜያቸው የሚሰሩ....በርካቶችን አውቃለሁ።
ይህ ጥቂቶች ቆራጦች ጉልበታቸውን ሳይቆጥቡ ፣ ሌት ተ ቀን ፍግት ብለው የሚሰሩበት፣ ቱታ ለብሰው ውለው ቁርጥ በልተው ለጥማቸው ድራፍት ተጎንጭተው የመዋል አቅም ያላቸው ..... ወገኖች ቁጥር ለምን አነሰ? ብለን ብንጠይቅ የሚከተሉትን መላ ምቶች ከውሏችንና ከኑሯችን መምዘዝ እንችላለን
1) ቀለል ያለ ስራ ለመስራት መምረጥ
2) የግንባታ የሙያ ስራን ( አናጢ፣ ግንበኛ...) ከ ክፍለ ሃገር ለሚመጡ ወገኖች ብቻ ነው ብሎ ማሰብ
3) የሚገኝበት ጥቅም አለማወቅ ። በዚህ ወቅት የቀን ሰራተኞች ( የጉልበት ስራ) 800 እስከ 1200ብር ፣ ለአናጢ አማካይ ክፍያ 1500ብር...
4) ለሙያው የሚሰጠው ክብር ማነስ። ይህ ቀድሞ ከነበረ የስራና የተማሩ ሰዎች ማክበሪያ መስፈርት መበላሸት።
5) ዘርፉ በስልጠና አለመታገዙ። እኔ ደርሶብኝ የማውቀው ለማሰልጠን ቢፈለግም በፈቃድ ሰጪ አካላት የሚጠየቀው መስፈርት መብዛት።
6) በሙያቸው ደረጃ እየተመዘኑ የሚሰጥ አበረታች የሙያ ማስመስከሪያና ማረጋገጫ ሰጪ አካል አለመኖር....
7) በሙያው የሚሰማሩ ባለሙያዎች ረዘም ላለ ጊዜ በሙያው ከመዝለቅ ይልቅ የተወሰነ ገንዘብ ይዘው ወደ ንግድ፣ ሹፍርና፣ግብርና የመሳሰሉት ዘርፎች ለመግባት መፈለጋቸው
እና ምን ይጠበስ?
በእኔ ዕይታ የሚከተሉት ቢታሰብባቸው ጥሩ ነው ብዬ አስባለሁ
1) መንግስት ችግሩን ከተረዳው ዘንድ በሙያና ስልጠና ላይ በትኩረት ቢሰራ ።
2)ስልጠና ለመስጠት ለፈቃድ የወጡ መስፈርቶችን የህንድን ሳይሆን የሀገራችንን ሁኔታ ያገናዘበ እንዲሆን ቢደረግ
3) ስልጠናውን የሚሰጡ ተቋማትን የሚከታተሉና ፈቃድ የሚሰጡ የስራው ሂደት መሪዎች ዘርፉን የሚያውቁ በግንባታ ውስጥ ያለፉ ባለሙያዎች ቢመራ
4) የባለሙያዎች ዋና ተጠቃሚ የሆኑ ታላላቅ የኮንስትራክሽን ድርጅቶች የባለሙያዎች ማሰልጠኛ ከፍተው በፕሮጀክቶቻቸው ውስጥ ብቁ የሚያደርግ ስልጠና መስጠት ቢጀምሩ።
5) የስራ ተቋራጮች ማህበር ከመንግስትና የዘርፉ ባለድርሻ አካላትን በማስተባበር የሙያ ስልጠናና ምዘና እንዲካሄድ ግምባር ቀደም ሆኖ ቢመራ ቢከተል።
6) በሳይት ላይ ተግባራዊ ልምምድ በማግኘት ራሳቸውን ብቁ ያደረጉ ባለሙያዎች የተለያዩ ምዘናዎች በመስጠት የብቃታቸው ማረጋገጫ ደረጃ እየተሰጣቸው ዓለም አቀፋዊ ተወዳዳሪነታቸውን ማሳደግ
7) ከተለምዷዊው የሙያ ስልጠና በተጨማሪ ዘመኑን ያማከለ የግንባታ ላይ ደህንነትን ያካተተ የተለያዩ የስካፎልዲንግ ገጠማና አጠቃቀም፣ ዘመናዊ የመለሰኛ ማሽኖች አጠቃቀም፣ የገንዘብ አያያዝና አጠቃቀም....አካትቶ በየጊዜው ብቃት ማሳደጊያ ስልጠና ቢሰጣቸው።
በ ደሳለኝ ከበደ መሀንዲስ፣ ገንቢ፣ አሰልጣኝ እና ሪል ስቴት አማካሪ
@etconp
ለዚህ ጽሁፍ ዋናው መነሻዬ ክቡር ጠቅላይ ሚኒስቴራችን ስለ በግንባታ ላይ ስለሚታየው የሰው ሃይል እጥረት የተናገሩትን በማድመጤ ነው።
በዘርፉ ውስጥ ስለሆነ ያለሁት በየዕለቱ የሚገጥመንን የባለሙያና የቀን (የጉልበት) ሰራተኛ እጥረትን በትክክል በማስቀመጣቸው ከተናገሩት ጋር 100% ስምምነኝ። በጥሩ ተረድተውታል ብዬ አምናለሁ።
ብዙ ወጣቶች ወደ ግንባታው ዘርፍ ከጉልበት ሰራተኛነት ጀምሮ በተለያየ ሙያ በተግባር እየሰለጠኑ ቢቀላቀሉ ለጋሳቸው የተሻለ ገቢ እያገኙ ለሀገራቸውም ጥሩ ገንቢ በመሆን የኑሮ እንቆቅልሻቸውን መፍታት እንደሚችሉ ቋሚ ምስክር ነኝ።
በኮንስትራክሽን ዘርፍ ውስጥ ላለፉት 27ዓመታት ሳሳልፍ የማውቃቸው አብረውኝ ከሃያ ዓመታት በላይ የሰሩ የግንባታ ባለሙያዎች የኑሮ ደረጃን መሻሻል እንደቤተሰብ ተቀራርበን አሁንም እየሰራን እለምንኖር የኑሮ ለውጣቸው ምስክር ነኝ።
ከጥቂቶቹ በስተቀር ቤት ሰርተው ወይም ገዝተው የሚኖሩ ናቸው።
እንደውም በቅርቡ አንዱ ፌራዮ 40/60 ኮንዶሚኒየም ካሽ 6.7ሚሊየን ከፍሎ ሲገዛ አማካሪው እኔ ነበርኩ፣ተጨማሪ ሰው አስልጥነው ቀጥረው የሚያሰሩ፣ ቤተሰባቸውን ኑሮ ውድነት ሳይፈታተናቸው የሚመሩ፣ ቤታቸው ሙሉ የሆነ፣ ልጆቻቸውን በግል ዩኒቨርስቲ ጭምር ከፍለው የሚያስተምሩ፣ አሱዙ ገዝተው ሹፌር ቀጥረው በደቡብ ክልል ለስራ ያሰማሩ ፣ በከተማችን ለራይድ የሚሆን መኪና ገዝተው በትርፍ ጊዜያቸው የሚሰሩ....በርካቶችን አውቃለሁ።
ይህ ጥቂቶች ቆራጦች ጉልበታቸውን ሳይቆጥቡ ፣ ሌት ተ ቀን ፍግት ብለው የሚሰሩበት፣ ቱታ ለብሰው ውለው ቁርጥ በልተው ለጥማቸው ድራፍት ተጎንጭተው የመዋል አቅም ያላቸው ..... ወገኖች ቁጥር ለምን አነሰ? ብለን ብንጠይቅ የሚከተሉትን መላ ምቶች ከውሏችንና ከኑሯችን መምዘዝ እንችላለን
1) ቀለል ያለ ስራ ለመስራት መምረጥ
2) የግንባታ የሙያ ስራን ( አናጢ፣ ግንበኛ...) ከ ክፍለ ሃገር ለሚመጡ ወገኖች ብቻ ነው ብሎ ማሰብ
3) የሚገኝበት ጥቅም አለማወቅ ። በዚህ ወቅት የቀን ሰራተኞች ( የጉልበት ስራ) 800 እስከ 1200ብር ፣ ለአናጢ አማካይ ክፍያ 1500ብር...
4) ለሙያው የሚሰጠው ክብር ማነስ። ይህ ቀድሞ ከነበረ የስራና የተማሩ ሰዎች ማክበሪያ መስፈርት መበላሸት።
5) ዘርፉ በስልጠና አለመታገዙ። እኔ ደርሶብኝ የማውቀው ለማሰልጠን ቢፈለግም በፈቃድ ሰጪ አካላት የሚጠየቀው መስፈርት መብዛት።
6) በሙያቸው ደረጃ እየተመዘኑ የሚሰጥ አበረታች የሙያ ማስመስከሪያና ማረጋገጫ ሰጪ አካል አለመኖር....
7) በሙያው የሚሰማሩ ባለሙያዎች ረዘም ላለ ጊዜ በሙያው ከመዝለቅ ይልቅ የተወሰነ ገንዘብ ይዘው ወደ ንግድ፣ ሹፍርና፣ግብርና የመሳሰሉት ዘርፎች ለመግባት መፈለጋቸው
እና ምን ይጠበስ?
በእኔ ዕይታ የሚከተሉት ቢታሰብባቸው ጥሩ ነው ብዬ አስባለሁ
1) መንግስት ችግሩን ከተረዳው ዘንድ በሙያና ስልጠና ላይ በትኩረት ቢሰራ ።
2)ስልጠና ለመስጠት ለፈቃድ የወጡ መስፈርቶችን የህንድን ሳይሆን የሀገራችንን ሁኔታ ያገናዘበ እንዲሆን ቢደረግ
3) ስልጠናውን የሚሰጡ ተቋማትን የሚከታተሉና ፈቃድ የሚሰጡ የስራው ሂደት መሪዎች ዘርፉን የሚያውቁ በግንባታ ውስጥ ያለፉ ባለሙያዎች ቢመራ
4) የባለሙያዎች ዋና ተጠቃሚ የሆኑ ታላላቅ የኮንስትራክሽን ድርጅቶች የባለሙያዎች ማሰልጠኛ ከፍተው በፕሮጀክቶቻቸው ውስጥ ብቁ የሚያደርግ ስልጠና መስጠት ቢጀምሩ።
5) የስራ ተቋራጮች ማህበር ከመንግስትና የዘርፉ ባለድርሻ አካላትን በማስተባበር የሙያ ስልጠናና ምዘና እንዲካሄድ ግምባር ቀደም ሆኖ ቢመራ ቢከተል።
6) በሳይት ላይ ተግባራዊ ልምምድ በማግኘት ራሳቸውን ብቁ ያደረጉ ባለሙያዎች የተለያዩ ምዘናዎች በመስጠት የብቃታቸው ማረጋገጫ ደረጃ እየተሰጣቸው ዓለም አቀፋዊ ተወዳዳሪነታቸውን ማሳደግ
7) ከተለምዷዊው የሙያ ስልጠና በተጨማሪ ዘመኑን ያማከለ የግንባታ ላይ ደህንነትን ያካተተ የተለያዩ የስካፎልዲንግ ገጠማና አጠቃቀም፣ ዘመናዊ የመለሰኛ ማሽኖች አጠቃቀም፣ የገንዘብ አያያዝና አጠቃቀም....አካትቶ በየጊዜው ብቃት ማሳደጊያ ስልጠና ቢሰጣቸው።
በ ደሳለኝ ከበደ መሀንዲስ፣ ገንቢ፣ አሰልጣኝ እና ሪል ስቴት አማካሪ
@etconp
❤13
👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
❤3👍1
👉Self-Curing Concrete
🏷The Concrete That Cures Itself!
Caption
⭐️No continuous water curing? No problem!
⏺Self-curing concrete keeps moisture inside the mix, reducing cracks and improving strength automatically.
💫A smart solution for modern construction projects.
✅ Less shrinkage
✅ Better durability
✅ Saves water
✅ Ideal for hot weather conditions
🔰Modern problems need smart concrete solutions!
@etconp
🏷The Concrete That Cures Itself!
Caption
⭐️No continuous water curing? No problem!
⏺Self-curing concrete keeps moisture inside the mix, reducing cracks and improving strength automatically.
💫A smart solution for modern construction projects.
✅ Less shrinkage
✅ Better durability
✅ Saves water
✅ Ideal for hot weather conditions
🔰Modern problems need smart concrete solutions!
@etconp
❤10
👉Working at height is one of the most critical safety concerns in civil engineering and construction.
🚧Falls from scaffolds, ladders, or elevated platforms are among the leading causes of workplace injuries and fatalities.
To mitigate these risks, strict adherence to safety protocols is essential.
A full body harness is the primary protective gear, designed to distribute fall forces across the body and prevent severe injury.
The harness must always be connected to a certified anchorage point capable of withstanding the load.
Before starting work, scaffolds and ladders should be inspected for stability, ensuring guardrails, toe boards, and secure footing are in place.
Workers must maintain three-point contact (two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand) while climbing ladders to reduce the chance of slipping.
Weather conditions play a major role—strong winds or rain can make surfaces slippery and unstable, so work should be postponed during unsafe conditions.
Tools should be secured with tool lanyards to prevent them from falling and injuring people below.
Additionally, barricading the work area ensures that unauthorized personnel remain clear of potential hazards.
A clean and organized workspace reduces risks of trips and slips.
Finally, following the Work Permit System ensures that all safety checks are documented and approved before work begins.
These measures collectively embody the principle: Plan Safe → Work Safe → Go Home Safe.
#SafetyFirst
#CivilEngineering #WorkAtHeight #ConstructionSafety #PlanSafeWorkSafe
@etconp
🚧Falls from scaffolds, ladders, or elevated platforms are among the leading causes of workplace injuries and fatalities.
To mitigate these risks, strict adherence to safety protocols is essential.
A full body harness is the primary protective gear, designed to distribute fall forces across the body and prevent severe injury.
The harness must always be connected to a certified anchorage point capable of withstanding the load.
Before starting work, scaffolds and ladders should be inspected for stability, ensuring guardrails, toe boards, and secure footing are in place.
Workers must maintain three-point contact (two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand) while climbing ladders to reduce the chance of slipping.
Weather conditions play a major role—strong winds or rain can make surfaces slippery and unstable, so work should be postponed during unsafe conditions.
Tools should be secured with tool lanyards to prevent them from falling and injuring people below.
Additionally, barricading the work area ensures that unauthorized personnel remain clear of potential hazards.
A clean and organized workspace reduces risks of trips and slips.
Finally, following the Work Permit System ensures that all safety checks are documented and approved before work begins.
These measures collectively embody the principle: Plan Safe → Work Safe → Go Home Safe.
#SafetyFirst
#CivilEngineering #WorkAtHeight #ConstructionSafety #PlanSafeWorkSafe
@etconp
❤7🔥3👍1
👉የግንባታ ኢንሹራንስ አዲሱ መልክ
💫በዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃ በግንባታው ዘርፍ ላይ አዲስ የለውጥ ማዕበል እየታየ ነው።
ቀደም
ሲል የግንባታ ስጋት ሲባል በብዛት የሚታሰበው የሰው ኃይል ደህንነት፣ የቁሳቁስ መበላሸት ወይም የአየር ንብረት መዛባት ነበረ።
ዛሬ ግን የዲጂታል መሠረተ ልማት እና የግዙፍ የዳታ ማዕከላት (Data Centers) ግንባታ በከፍተኛ ፍጥነት መስፋፋቱ፣ በዘርፉ የሚታየውን የኢንሹራንስ እና የዋስትና (Surety) ገበያ መልክ ፈጽሞ እየቀየረው ይገኛል።
በአሁኑ ወቅት የዓለም አቀፍ ግንባታ እንቅስቃሴ እያሳየ ያለው ዕድገት እጅግ አስደናቂ የሚባል ነው።
ዘርፉ በ2025 ዓ.ም ከነበረበት 16 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ተነስቶ በ2026 ወደ 17 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ያደገ ሲሆን፣ እ.ኤ.አ. በ2030 ደግሞ ወደ 22 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ይጠጋል ተብሎ ይገመታል።
ይህ ግዙፍ ዕድገት ግን በራሱ አዳዲስና ውስብስብ ፈተናዎችን ይዞ መጥቷል።
በተለይም በ2025 በተከሰቱ የተፈጥሮ አደጋዎች ምክንያት በዓለም ዙሪያ የደረሰው የ260 ቢሊዮን ዶላር ኪሳራ፣ የግንባታ ፕሮጀክቶች ዲዛይን ጠንካራና ለአደጋ የማይበገር (resilient) መሆን እንዳለበት ትልቅ ማስተማሪያ ሆኗል።
በዚህ ሳቢያ የኢንሹራንስ ኩባንያዎች ይበልጥ ጥንቃቄ የተሞላበትና ጥብቅ የሆነ አሠራርን መከተል ጀምረዋል።
አዳዲሶቹ የዲጂታል መሠረተ ልማት ፕሮጀክቶች ከፍተኛ የኃይል አቅርቦትና ልዩ ቅዝቃዜ የሚጠይቁ፣ ውስብስብና ግዙፍ በመሆናቸው፣ ኢንሹራንስ ሰጪዎች ለደህንነታቸው የሚሰጡትን የካሳ ገደብ ከፍ ለማድረግና ዋጋ ለመጨመር ተገደዋል።
አሁን ላይ ስጋትን ለመገምገም እንደ ድሮው በግምት ሳይሆን፣ በፕሮጀክቱ አስተዳደር ጥራት፣ በዲጂታል ዳታ ትክክለኛነት እና በፕሮጀክቱ አጠቃላይ የሕይወት ዑደት (Lifecycle) ላይ ትኩረት እየተደረገ ይገኛል።
ይህ በቴክኖሎጂ የታገዘ ሽግግር በገበያው ላይ በጎ ተፅዕኖም ይዞ መጥቷል።
አደጋዎቻቸውን በግልጽ መረጃና በዲጂታል ትንተናዎች (Data analytics) አስደግፈው ማቅረብ የሚችሉ የግንባታ ባለቤቶች፣ ይበልጥ ተወዳዳሪ የሆነ የኢንሹራንስ ዋጋ እና የተሻለ ሽፋን የማግኘት ዕድል እያገኙ ነው።
በአንጻሩ፣ ለማክሮ-ኢኮኖሚ መለዋወጥ፣ ለጂኦ-ፖለቲካዊ ስጋቶች እና ለሳይበር ጥቃቶች ተጋላጭ የሆኑ ግንባታዎች የኢንሹራንስ ገበያ ፍላጎትን እየወሰኑት ይገኛል።
በአጠቃላይ፣ የወደፊቱ የግንባታ ኢንሹራንስ ስኬት የተመሠረተው በመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ዝግጁነት፣ በበሰለ የዳታ አያያዝ እና ስጋትን አስቀድሞ መከላከል በሚያስችል ዘመናዊ መዋቅር ላይ ብቻ ሆኗል።
@etconp
💫በዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃ በግንባታው ዘርፍ ላይ አዲስ የለውጥ ማዕበል እየታየ ነው።
ቀደም
ሲል የግንባታ ስጋት ሲባል በብዛት የሚታሰበው የሰው ኃይል ደህንነት፣ የቁሳቁስ መበላሸት ወይም የአየር ንብረት መዛባት ነበረ።
ዛሬ ግን የዲጂታል መሠረተ ልማት እና የግዙፍ የዳታ ማዕከላት (Data Centers) ግንባታ በከፍተኛ ፍጥነት መስፋፋቱ፣ በዘርፉ የሚታየውን የኢንሹራንስ እና የዋስትና (Surety) ገበያ መልክ ፈጽሞ እየቀየረው ይገኛል።
ታዋቂው የስጋት አማካሪ ተቋም አዎን (Aon) ባወጣው የ2026 ዓለም አቀፍ ሪፖርት መሠረት፣ የቴክኖሎጂ ኢንቨስትመንት ማደግ የግንባታ ስጋቶችን ተፈጥሮ ከመቀየር ባለፈ፣ የኢንሹራንስ ሰጪዎችን ዋስትና የመስጠት መስፈርት (Underwriting) ይበልጥ ጥብቅና በዳታ ላይ የተመሠረተ እንዲሆን እያደረገው ነው።
በአሁኑ ወቅት የዓለም አቀፍ ግንባታ እንቅስቃሴ እያሳየ ያለው ዕድገት እጅግ አስደናቂ የሚባል ነው።
ዘርፉ በ2025 ዓ.ም ከነበረበት 16 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ተነስቶ በ2026 ወደ 17 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ያደገ ሲሆን፣ እ.ኤ.አ. በ2030 ደግሞ ወደ 22 ትሪሊዮን ዶላር ይጠጋል ተብሎ ይገመታል።
ይህ ግዙፍ ዕድገት ግን በራሱ አዳዲስና ውስብስብ ፈተናዎችን ይዞ መጥቷል።
በተለይም በ2025 በተከሰቱ የተፈጥሮ አደጋዎች ምክንያት በዓለም ዙሪያ የደረሰው የ260 ቢሊዮን ዶላር ኪሳራ፣ የግንባታ ፕሮጀክቶች ዲዛይን ጠንካራና ለአደጋ የማይበገር (resilient) መሆን እንዳለበት ትልቅ ማስተማሪያ ሆኗል።
በዚህ ሳቢያ የኢንሹራንስ ኩባንያዎች ይበልጥ ጥንቃቄ የተሞላበትና ጥብቅ የሆነ አሠራርን መከተል ጀምረዋል።
አዳዲሶቹ የዲጂታል መሠረተ ልማት ፕሮጀክቶች ከፍተኛ የኃይል አቅርቦትና ልዩ ቅዝቃዜ የሚጠይቁ፣ ውስብስብና ግዙፍ በመሆናቸው፣ ኢንሹራንስ ሰጪዎች ለደህንነታቸው የሚሰጡትን የካሳ ገደብ ከፍ ለማድረግና ዋጋ ለመጨመር ተገደዋል።
አሁን ላይ ስጋትን ለመገምገም እንደ ድሮው በግምት ሳይሆን፣ በፕሮጀክቱ አስተዳደር ጥራት፣ በዲጂታል ዳታ ትክክለኛነት እና በፕሮጀክቱ አጠቃላይ የሕይወት ዑደት (Lifecycle) ላይ ትኩረት እየተደረገ ይገኛል።
ይህ በቴክኖሎጂ የታገዘ ሽግግር በገበያው ላይ በጎ ተፅዕኖም ይዞ መጥቷል።
አደጋዎቻቸውን በግልጽ መረጃና በዲጂታል ትንተናዎች (Data analytics) አስደግፈው ማቅረብ የሚችሉ የግንባታ ባለቤቶች፣ ይበልጥ ተወዳዳሪ የሆነ የኢንሹራንስ ዋጋ እና የተሻለ ሽፋን የማግኘት ዕድል እያገኙ ነው።
በአንጻሩ፣ ለማክሮ-ኢኮኖሚ መለዋወጥ፣ ለጂኦ-ፖለቲካዊ ስጋቶች እና ለሳይበር ጥቃቶች ተጋላጭ የሆኑ ግንባታዎች የኢንሹራንስ ገበያ ፍላጎትን እየወሰኑት ይገኛል።
በአጠቃላይ፣ የወደፊቱ የግንባታ ኢንሹራንስ ስኬት የተመሠረተው በመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ዝግጁነት፣ በበሰለ የዳታ አያያዝ እና ስጋትን አስቀድሞ መከላከል በሚያስችል ዘመናዊ መዋቅር ላይ ብቻ ሆኗል።
@etconp
❤8
👉Shear force and bending moment are two fundamental internal actions that occur in structural members like beams when subjected to external loads.
💫Understanding their differences is crucial in civil engineering design and analysis.
🔹 Shear Force
- Definition: It is the internal force acting perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a structural member.
- Calculation: Determined as the algebraic sum of vertical forces acting on either side of a section.
- Sign Convention: Positive shear force causes the left portion to move upward and the right portion downward.
- Effect: It tends to rotate the segment clockwise when positive, anticlockwise when negative.
- Structural Impact: Causes sliding between adjacent sections of the member.
🔹 Bending Moment
- Definition: It is the internal moment that causes a member to bend about its axis.
- Calculation: Found by taking the algebraic sum of moments of all forces about a section.
- Sign Convention: Positive bending moment (sagging) makes the beam concave upward, while negative bending moment (hogging) makes it convex upward.
- Effect: Positive bending moment induces compression in the top fibers and tension in the bottom fibers; negative bending moment reverses this.
- Structural Impact: Causes bending deformation of the structural member.
🔹 Conclusion
- Shear force → Sliding between sections.
- Bending moment → Bending of the member.
Both are essential in designing safe and efficient structures, as they dictate reinforcement placement, beam sizing, and overall stability.
#CivilEngineering
#ShearForce #BendingMoment #StructuralDesign #BeamAnalysis
@etconp
💫Understanding their differences is crucial in civil engineering design and analysis.
🔹 Shear Force
- Definition: It is the internal force acting perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a structural member.
- Calculation: Determined as the algebraic sum of vertical forces acting on either side of a section.
- Sign Convention: Positive shear force causes the left portion to move upward and the right portion downward.
- Effect: It tends to rotate the segment clockwise when positive, anticlockwise when negative.
- Structural Impact: Causes sliding between adjacent sections of the member.
🔹 Bending Moment
- Definition: It is the internal moment that causes a member to bend about its axis.
- Calculation: Found by taking the algebraic sum of moments of all forces about a section.
- Sign Convention: Positive bending moment (sagging) makes the beam concave upward, while negative bending moment (hogging) makes it convex upward.
- Effect: Positive bending moment induces compression in the top fibers and tension in the bottom fibers; negative bending moment reverses this.
- Structural Impact: Causes bending deformation of the structural member.
🔹 Conclusion
- Shear force → Sliding between sections.
- Bending moment → Bending of the member.
Both are essential in designing safe and efficient structures, as they dictate reinforcement placement, beam sizing, and overall stability.
#CivilEngineering
#ShearForce #BendingMoment #StructuralDesign #BeamAnalysis
@etconp
👍6❤3
👉Before concreting begins, a site engineer must carefully verify several critical aspects to ensure structural safety, durability, and quality.
Each check plays a vital role in preventing failures and costly mistakes during construction:
- Reinforcement check – Steel bars must be placed exactly as per structural drawings, with correct spacing, overlaps, and anchorage to resist loads effectively.
- Formwork and cover blocks – Properly aligned formwork ensures the desired shape, while cover blocks maintain the required concrete cover to protect reinforcement from corrosion.
- Shuttering line and supports – Levels, plumb, and bracing of shuttering must be checked to avoid deformation or leakage during pouring.
- Electrical and plumbing conduits – All embedded services should be fixed before concreting to avoid later cutting or weakening of the structure.
- Cleaning loose material – Dust, debris, and standing water must be removed to ensure proper bonding between concrete and reinforcement.
- Concrete mix grade – The specified grade must be confirmed to achieve the required strength and durability.
- Vibrator and tools – Equipment should be available and tested to ensure proper compaction and eliminate voids.
- Slump test arrangement – This test checks workability and consistency of fresh concrete before pouring.
- Labour and safety arrangements – Adequate manpower, PPE, and safety measures must be in place to protect workers.
- Approval before pour – Final inspection and approval from the engineer or supervisor ensures compliance with design and safety standards.
These checks collectively guarantee that the concrete pour results in a strong, durable, and safe structure.
Neglecting even one step can compromise quality and lead to structural issues later.
#ConcretingChecklist #SiteEngineer #ConstructionSafety #StructuralQuality
@etconp
Each check plays a vital role in preventing failures and costly mistakes during construction:
- Reinforcement check – Steel bars must be placed exactly as per structural drawings, with correct spacing, overlaps, and anchorage to resist loads effectively.
- Formwork and cover blocks – Properly aligned formwork ensures the desired shape, while cover blocks maintain the required concrete cover to protect reinforcement from corrosion.
- Shuttering line and supports – Levels, plumb, and bracing of shuttering must be checked to avoid deformation or leakage during pouring.
- Electrical and plumbing conduits – All embedded services should be fixed before concreting to avoid later cutting or weakening of the structure.
- Cleaning loose material – Dust, debris, and standing water must be removed to ensure proper bonding between concrete and reinforcement.
- Concrete mix grade – The specified grade must be confirmed to achieve the required strength and durability.
- Vibrator and tools – Equipment should be available and tested to ensure proper compaction and eliminate voids.
- Slump test arrangement – This test checks workability and consistency of fresh concrete before pouring.
- Labour and safety arrangements – Adequate manpower, PPE, and safety measures must be in place to protect workers.
- Approval before pour – Final inspection and approval from the engineer or supervisor ensures compliance with design and safety standards.
These checks collectively guarantee that the concrete pour results in a strong, durable, and safe structure.
Neglecting even one step can compromise quality and lead to structural issues later.
#ConcretingChecklist #SiteEngineer #ConstructionSafety #StructuralQuality
@etconp
❤15👍4
የባንክ አካውንታችሁን ከ Fayda መታወቂያ ጋር ለማስተሳሰር የእያንዳንዱን ባንክ link ማስታወስ አይጠበቅባችሁም።
ይህን link በመጠቀም የሁሉም ባንኮችን link ማግኘት ትችላላችሁ👇
https://id.et/connect
ጊዜና ገንዘባቸውን እንዲቆጥቡ ለወላጅ ዘመዶቻችሁ share አድርጉላቸው።
@etconp
ይህን link በመጠቀም የሁሉም ባንኮችን link ማግኘት ትችላላችሁ👇
https://id.et/connect
ጊዜና ገንዘባቸውን እንዲቆጥቡ ለወላጅ ዘመዶቻችሁ share አድርጉላቸው።
@etconp
❤6👍3
👉A precast concrete beam bridge is a modern structural system where the primary load‑bearing members and deck panels are manufactured in a controlled factory environment, then transported to the site and assembled.
This method ensures uniform quality, faster construction, and reduced disruption to traffic or the surrounding environment.
Key Structural Components
- Precast Concrete Beam (I‑Girder): The main longitudinal element that carries loads from the deck to the supports.
- Deck Panel: Precast slabs placed over beams to form the roadway surface.
- Guard Rail & Crash Barrier: Safety features preventing vehicles from leaving the bridge.
- Approach Slab: Provides smooth transition between roadway and bridge deck.
- Wing Wall: Retains soil at the approaches and prevents erosion.
- Slope Protection: Shotcrete or paving to stabilize embankments.
- Riprap Embankment: Rock placement to resist water erosion at the riverbanks.
- Abutment Stem: Vertical support transferring loads from beams to the foundation.
- Expansion Joint: Allows movement due to temperature changes, preventing cracks.
- Pile Foundation: Driven precast piles anchored into rock bed for stability.
Construction Process
1. Factory Production – Beams, deck panels, and abutments are cast under strict quality control.
2. Transportation – Components are moved to site using heavy trailers.
3. Erection – Cranes lift beams onto abutments and pile caps.
4. Deck Assembly – Precast panels are placed, followed by crash barriers and guard rails.
5. Finishing Works – Approach slabs, slope protection, and expansion joints are installed.
6. Roadway Integration – Subgrade layers and asphalt surfacing complete the bridge for traffic use.
Advantages
- Fast Construction – Reduced project duration compared to cast‑in‑place methods.
- Durability – Factory curing ensures long service life.
- High Strength – Designed to carry heavy traffic loads.
- Sustainability – Less site waste and better resource efficiency.
- Quality Control – Consistency achieved through standardized production.
This system is widely adopted in highway and urban infrastructure projects because it balances speed, safety, and long‑term performance.
#CivilEngineering #BridgeDesign #PrecastConcrete #StructuralEngineering #Infrastructure
@etconp
This method ensures uniform quality, faster construction, and reduced disruption to traffic or the surrounding environment.
Key Structural Components
- Precast Concrete Beam (I‑Girder): The main longitudinal element that carries loads from the deck to the supports.
- Deck Panel: Precast slabs placed over beams to form the roadway surface.
- Guard Rail & Crash Barrier: Safety features preventing vehicles from leaving the bridge.
- Approach Slab: Provides smooth transition between roadway and bridge deck.
- Wing Wall: Retains soil at the approaches and prevents erosion.
- Slope Protection: Shotcrete or paving to stabilize embankments.
- Riprap Embankment: Rock placement to resist water erosion at the riverbanks.
- Abutment Stem: Vertical support transferring loads from beams to the foundation.
- Expansion Joint: Allows movement due to temperature changes, preventing cracks.
- Pile Foundation: Driven precast piles anchored into rock bed for stability.
Construction Process
1. Factory Production – Beams, deck panels, and abutments are cast under strict quality control.
2. Transportation – Components are moved to site using heavy trailers.
3. Erection – Cranes lift beams onto abutments and pile caps.
4. Deck Assembly – Precast panels are placed, followed by crash barriers and guard rails.
5. Finishing Works – Approach slabs, slope protection, and expansion joints are installed.
6. Roadway Integration – Subgrade layers and asphalt surfacing complete the bridge for traffic use.
Advantages
- Fast Construction – Reduced project duration compared to cast‑in‑place methods.
- Durability – Factory curing ensures long service life.
- High Strength – Designed to carry heavy traffic loads.
- Sustainability – Less site waste and better resource efficiency.
- Quality Control – Consistency achieved through standardized production.
This system is widely adopted in highway and urban infrastructure projects because it balances speed, safety, and long‑term performance.
#CivilEngineering #BridgeDesign #PrecastConcrete #StructuralEngineering #Infrastructure
@etconp
❤7👍5
👉Top 3 Project Scheduling Software in Construction
⭐️1. Primavera P6 (Oracle) 🥇
🔹 Industry: Construction, Oil & Gas, EPC, Power Plants, Infrastructure
🔹 Known For: Complex scheduling, resource planning & multi-project handling
🛠 Features:
✅ Critical Path Method (CPM)
✅ Resource & cost management
✅ Earned Value Management (EVM)
✅ Baselines & tracking
✅ Risk analysis + Monte Carlo
✅ ERP & BIM integration
✅ Primavera Cloud for collaboration
⭐️2. Microsoft Project (MSP) 📊
🔹 Industry: General Construction, Engineering, IT
🔹 Known For: User-friendly for small to mid-sized projects
🛠 Features:
✅ Gantt charts & milestones
✅ Basic resource tracking
✅ Dependencies & constraints
✅ MS Office & Power BI integration
✅ MS Project Online
⭐️3. Asta Powerproject 🇬🇧🏗️
🔹 Industry: Construction (UK & Europe), Civil
🔹 Known For: Ideal for linear, repetitive projects
🛠 Features:
✅ 4D BIM planning
✅ EVM & resource control
✅ Critical path analysis
@etconp
⭐️1. Primavera P6 (Oracle) 🥇
🔹 Industry: Construction, Oil & Gas, EPC, Power Plants, Infrastructure
🔹 Known For: Complex scheduling, resource planning & multi-project handling
🛠 Features:
✅ Critical Path Method (CPM)
✅ Resource & cost management
✅ Earned Value Management (EVM)
✅ Baselines & tracking
✅ Risk analysis + Monte Carlo
✅ ERP & BIM integration
✅ Primavera Cloud for collaboration
⭐️2. Microsoft Project (MSP) 📊
🔹 Industry: General Construction, Engineering, IT
🔹 Known For: User-friendly for small to mid-sized projects
🛠 Features:
✅ Gantt charts & milestones
✅ Basic resource tracking
✅ Dependencies & constraints
✅ MS Office & Power BI integration
✅ MS Project Online
⭐️3. Asta Powerproject 🇬🇧🏗️
🔹 Industry: Construction (UK & Europe), Civil
🔹 Known For: Ideal for linear, repetitive projects
🛠 Features:
✅ 4D BIM planning
✅ EVM & resource control
✅ Critical path analysis
@etconp
❤11👍1
👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
☎️ Tel: 0961955555
🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
❤2
👉የሰማይ ላይ ገንዳ፦ (Marina Bay Sands) ድንቅ የምህንድስና ውጤት Singapore 🇸🇬
💫በመርከብ ቅርፅ የሚታወቀው የሲንጋፖር ዝነኛ ህንፃ
ግዙፍ የመዋኛ ገንዳ፦ በህንፃው አናት ላይ በዓለማችን ረጅሙ (200 ሜትር ከፍታ ላይ) የሚገኝ ክፍት የዋና ገንዳ አለው።
የመርከብ ቅርፅ ያለው ጣሪያ፦ ሦስቱን ፎቆች የሚያገናኘው የላይኛው ክፍል "ስካይ ፓርክ" (Sky Park) የሚባል ሲሆን፣ ርዝመቱ ከፓሪሱ ኤፍል ታወር ይበልጣል።
የካርታ ጨዋታ መነሻ፦ ዲዛይኑ የተሰራው በጠረጴዛ ላይ የተዘረጉ የካርታ ድርድርን (deck of cards) በምሳሌነት በመውሰድ ነው።
ከፍተኛ ወጪ፦ ለመገንባት 8 ቢሊዮን የሲንጋፖር ዶላር የፈጀ ሲሆን፣ በወቅቱ በዓለማችን ውድ የነበረ የመዝናኛ ስፍራ ነው።
የዝናብ ውሃ አጠቃቀም፦ ከፊት ለፊቱ ያለው የሎተስ አበባ ቅርፅ ያለው ሙዚየም የዝናብ ውሃን ሰብስቦ ለህንፃው መጸዳጃ ቤቶች አገልግሎት እንዲውል ያደርጋል።
ውስጣዊ የጀልባ ጉዞ፦ በህንፃው ውስጥ ባለው የገበያ ማዕከል (Mall) መካከል ሰው ሰራሽ ቦይ ያለ ሲሆን በጀልባ መዘዋወር ይቻላል።
@etconp
💫በመርከብ ቅርፅ የሚታወቀው የሲንጋፖር ዝነኛ ህንፃ
ግዙፍ የመዋኛ ገንዳ፦ በህንፃው አናት ላይ በዓለማችን ረጅሙ (200 ሜትር ከፍታ ላይ) የሚገኝ ክፍት የዋና ገንዳ አለው።
የመርከብ ቅርፅ ያለው ጣሪያ፦ ሦስቱን ፎቆች የሚያገናኘው የላይኛው ክፍል "ስካይ ፓርክ" (Sky Park) የሚባል ሲሆን፣ ርዝመቱ ከፓሪሱ ኤፍል ታወር ይበልጣል።
የካርታ ጨዋታ መነሻ፦ ዲዛይኑ የተሰራው በጠረጴዛ ላይ የተዘረጉ የካርታ ድርድርን (deck of cards) በምሳሌነት በመውሰድ ነው።
ከፍተኛ ወጪ፦ ለመገንባት 8 ቢሊዮን የሲንጋፖር ዶላር የፈጀ ሲሆን፣ በወቅቱ በዓለማችን ውድ የነበረ የመዝናኛ ስፍራ ነው።
የዝናብ ውሃ አጠቃቀም፦ ከፊት ለፊቱ ያለው የሎተስ አበባ ቅርፅ ያለው ሙዚየም የዝናብ ውሃን ሰብስቦ ለህንፃው መጸዳጃ ቤቶች አገልግሎት እንዲውል ያደርጋል።
ውስጣዊ የጀልባ ጉዞ፦ በህንፃው ውስጥ ባለው የገበያ ማዕከል (Mall) መካከል ሰው ሰራሽ ቦይ ያለ ሲሆን በጀልባ መዘዋወር ይቻላል።
@etconp
❤13
👉Why Construction Projects Suddenly Go Over Budget!
🏷A small delay can create a huge cost increase in construction projects.
🔰Rising material prices, design changes, labor issues, and poor planning are some major reasons behind cost escalation.
💫Proper supervision and planning help control project costs and improve profit.
@etconp
🏷A small delay can create a huge cost increase in construction projects.
🔰Rising material prices, design changes, labor issues, and poor planning are some major reasons behind cost escalation.
💫Proper supervision and planning help control project costs and improve profit.
@etconp
❤13
👉8 Geosynthetics Every Civil Engineer Must Know Before Site Work
🚧Geosynthetics are smart construction materials used to strengthen soil, improve drainage, stop leakage, and increase structure life.
🎲From roads to retaining walls, they make construction safer and more durable.
@etconp
🚧Geosynthetics are smart construction materials used to strengthen soil, improve drainage, stop leakage, and increase structure life.
🎲From roads to retaining walls, they make construction safer and more durable.
@etconp
❤9👍5
👉Roof Truss Types
🚧Steel vs Wooden
💫Steel Truss Roof: A steel truss roof is made with steel members connected by bolts and gusset plates.
⭐️It is strong, durable, fire-resistant, and suitable for large-span buildings like factories and warehouses.
💫Wooden Truss Roof:
A wooden truss roof is made from timber sections joined together to support roof loads.
🔰It is lightweight, economical, and commonly used in residential houses and small buildings.
🎲Main Difference:
⏺Steel truss → stronger and long-lasting
⏺Wooden truss → cheaper and easier to construct
#WoodenTruss
#RoofTruss
#CivilEngineering
#BuildingConstruction
#RoofDesign
#StructuralEngineering
#SteelRoof
#WoodenRoof
#ConstructionDetails
#EngineeringNotes
@etconp
🚧Steel vs Wooden
💫Steel Truss Roof: A steel truss roof is made with steel members connected by bolts and gusset plates.
⭐️It is strong, durable, fire-resistant, and suitable for large-span buildings like factories and warehouses.
💫Wooden Truss Roof:
A wooden truss roof is made from timber sections joined together to support roof loads.
🔰It is lightweight, economical, and commonly used in residential houses and small buildings.
🎲Main Difference:
⏺Steel truss → stronger and long-lasting
⏺Wooden truss → cheaper and easier to construct
#WoodenTruss
#RoofTruss
#CivilEngineering
#BuildingConstruction
#RoofDesign
#StructuralEngineering
#SteelRoof
#WoodenRoof
#ConstructionDetails
#EngineeringNotes
@etconp
❤10👏6
👉Explains the estimation of wall plaster materials in a clear step‑by‑step manner.
🏷Let’s break it down in detail:
🔹 Step 1: Wet Volume of Mortar
- For a 1 m × 1 m wall with 12 mm plaster thickness, the wet volume is calculated as:
Length × Breadth × Thickness = 1 × 1 × 0.012 = 0.012 m³.
This represents the actual plaster volume applied on the wall surface.
🔹 Step 2: Dry Volume of Mortar
- Since mortar shrinks and voids exist, a 30% increase is considered.
Dry Volume = Wet Volume × 1.30 = 0.012 × 1.30 = 0.0156 m³.
This ensures enough material is prepared.
🔹 Step 3: Quantity of Cement
- Mortar ratio is 1:6 (cement:sand).
- Cement fraction = 1 ÷ (1+6) = 1/7.
- Cement volume = (1/7) × Dry Volume = (1/7) × 0.0156 = 0.00223 m³.
- Converting to weight using cement density (1440 kg/m³):
0.00223 × 1440 = 3.21 kg cement ≈ 0.064 bag (since 1 bag = 50 kg).
🔹 Step 4: Quantity of Sand
- Sand fraction = 6 ÷ (1+6) = 6/7.
- Sand volume = (6/7) × Dry Volume = 0.01337 m³.
- Converting to cubic feet (1 m³ = 35.3147 ft³):
0.01337 × 35.3147 = 0.47 ft³ sand.
🔹 Summary of Materials (for 1 m² wall plaster, 12 mm thick, 1:6 mix)
- Wet Volume = 0.012 m³
- Dry Volume = 0.0156 m³
- Cement = 3.21 kg ≈ 0.064 bag
- Sand = 0.47 ft³
This method allows engineers and site supervisors to scale up easily for larger wall areas by multiplying with total surface area.
It ensures accurate procurement of cement and sand, avoiding wastage or shortage during plastering work.
#PlasterEstimation #ConstructionDetails #MaterialCalculation
@etconp
🏷Let’s break it down in detail:
🔹 Step 1: Wet Volume of Mortar
- For a 1 m × 1 m wall with 12 mm plaster thickness, the wet volume is calculated as:
Length × Breadth × Thickness = 1 × 1 × 0.012 = 0.012 m³.
This represents the actual plaster volume applied on the wall surface.
🔹 Step 2: Dry Volume of Mortar
- Since mortar shrinks and voids exist, a 30% increase is considered.
Dry Volume = Wet Volume × 1.30 = 0.012 × 1.30 = 0.0156 m³.
This ensures enough material is prepared.
🔹 Step 3: Quantity of Cement
- Mortar ratio is 1:6 (cement:sand).
- Cement fraction = 1 ÷ (1+6) = 1/7.
- Cement volume = (1/7) × Dry Volume = (1/7) × 0.0156 = 0.00223 m³.
- Converting to weight using cement density (1440 kg/m³):
0.00223 × 1440 = 3.21 kg cement ≈ 0.064 bag (since 1 bag = 50 kg).
🔹 Step 4: Quantity of Sand
- Sand fraction = 6 ÷ (1+6) = 6/7.
- Sand volume = (6/7) × Dry Volume = 0.01337 m³.
- Converting to cubic feet (1 m³ = 35.3147 ft³):
0.01337 × 35.3147 = 0.47 ft³ sand.
🔹 Summary of Materials (for 1 m² wall plaster, 12 mm thick, 1:6 mix)
- Wet Volume = 0.012 m³
- Dry Volume = 0.0156 m³
- Cement = 3.21 kg ≈ 0.064 bag
- Sand = 0.47 ft³
This method allows engineers and site supervisors to scale up easily for larger wall areas by multiplying with total surface area.
It ensures accurate procurement of cement and sand, avoiding wastage or shortage during plastering work.
#PlasterEstimation #ConstructionDetails #MaterialCalculation
@etconp
❤19
👉Steel in Slab
- Main bars are the primary reinforcement running along the slab’s length, designed to resist bending stresses.
- Cross bars provide distribution reinforcement across the width, ensuring crack control and structural stability.
- The clear cover protects steel from corrosion and fire exposure, while spacing between bars ensures proper load transfer and concrete bonding.
- The total steel weight is determined by bar diameter, spacing, and slab dimensions, ensuring adequate strength without over-reinforcement.
🏗️ Cement, Sand, and Aggregate
- The concrete volume is based on slab dimensions, and a dry volume factor is applied to account for voids and wastage.
- Mix proportions (cement : sand : aggregate) define the grade of concrete, balancing strength and workability.
- Cement is measured in weight for procurement, while sand and aggregate are measured in volume.
- Proper proportioning ensures durability, strength, and economy in construction.
📌 Key Points
- Reinforcement layout must follow design spacing for structural safety.
- Clear cover is critical for durability.
- Dry volume adjustment is standard practice in site estimation.
- Material estimation helps in budgeting, procurement, and avoiding wastage.
This streamlined approach gives engineers a clear understanding of how materials are quantified for slab construction without diving into numerical steps.
#ConstructionDetails #SlabDesign #MaterialEstimation
@etconp
- Main bars are the primary reinforcement running along the slab’s length, designed to resist bending stresses.
- Cross bars provide distribution reinforcement across the width, ensuring crack control and structural stability.
- The clear cover protects steel from corrosion and fire exposure, while spacing between bars ensures proper load transfer and concrete bonding.
- The total steel weight is determined by bar diameter, spacing, and slab dimensions, ensuring adequate strength without over-reinforcement.
🏗️ Cement, Sand, and Aggregate
- The concrete volume is based on slab dimensions, and a dry volume factor is applied to account for voids and wastage.
- Mix proportions (cement : sand : aggregate) define the grade of concrete, balancing strength and workability.
- Cement is measured in weight for procurement, while sand and aggregate are measured in volume.
- Proper proportioning ensures durability, strength, and economy in construction.
📌 Key Points
- Reinforcement layout must follow design spacing for structural safety.
- Clear cover is critical for durability.
- Dry volume adjustment is standard practice in site estimation.
- Material estimation helps in budgeting, procurement, and avoiding wastage.
This streamlined approach gives engineers a clear understanding of how materials are quantified for slab construction without diving into numerical steps.
#ConstructionDetails #SlabDesign #MaterialEstimation
@etconp
❤10
👉Proper Site Handover Decides Project Success or Failure!
💫Site handover is the final and most important stage of construction.
🚧It ensures all work is completed, tested, documented, and officially transferred to the client with full quality assurance.
@etconp
💫Site handover is the final and most important stage of construction.
🚧It ensures all work is completed, tested, documented, and officially transferred to the client with full quality assurance.
@etconp
❤11👍2
👉የቻይናዊ ባለሃብት የሆነ ግራንዴር ሴራሚክ ማምረቻ የተባለ ግዙፍ ፋብሪካ ዛሬ ተመርቋል።
የሚገኝበት ከተማ ፦ ሞጆ
ፋብሪካው ያረፈበት ቦታ ፦ 300,000 ካሬ ሜትር
የወጣበት ወጪ ፦ ከ2 ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ
የፈጀው ጊዜ ፦ ከዕቅድ እስከ ሙሉ ሥራ ማስጀመር 9 ወር
የጥሬ እቃ ምንጭ፦ 80 በመቶ ከአካባቢው (በ100 ኪ/ሜ ውስጥ)
በአሁኑ ወቅት 60×60 ሴራሚክ በስፋት ማምረት ጀምሯል።
80x80፣ 60x120፣ 70x140 እና 80x160 ወደፊት የሚመረቱ የንጣፍ መጠኖች ናቸው።
Via TikVah
@etconp
የሚገኝበት ከተማ ፦ ሞጆ
ፋብሪካው ያረፈበት ቦታ ፦ 300,000 ካሬ ሜትር
የወጣበት ወጪ ፦ ከ2 ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ
የፈጀው ጊዜ ፦ ከዕቅድ እስከ ሙሉ ሥራ ማስጀመር 9 ወር
የጥሬ እቃ ምንጭ፦ 80 በመቶ ከአካባቢው (በ100 ኪ/ሜ ውስጥ)
በአሁኑ ወቅት 60×60 ሴራሚክ በስፋት ማምረት ጀምሯል።
80x80፣ 60x120፣ 70x140 እና 80x160 ወደፊት የሚመረቱ የንጣፍ መጠኖች ናቸው።
Via TikVah
@etconp
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Calculate the size of the column square in cross- section to carry an axial load of 2100 kN. Use grade of steel Fe 415 & grade of concrete of M-20 grade:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
558.60mm
35%
564.30mm
33%
556.80mm
16%
560.33mm
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Identify the correct sequence in a house water connection.
Anonymous Quiz
19%
Water meter, Gooseneck, Ferrule, Stopcock, Service pipe
28%
Water meter, Service pipe, Stopcock, Gooseneck, Ferrule
37%
Ferrule, Gooseneck, Service pipe, Stopcock, Water meter
17%
Ferrule, Water meter, Gooseneck, Service pipe, Stopcock
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