Ethio Construction Engineering
32.3K subscribers
6.27K photos
359 videos
1.99K files
3.32K links
๐Ÿ”จ World Construction Engineering
Latest updates, tips, and tutorials on building, civil engineering, and construction in World.
Learn, build, and grow with us!

๐Ÿ“จ @Philemona7 Or @ETCONpBOT

For Ad:- https://telega.io/c/etconp
Download Telegram
๐Ÿ‘‰๐‘ช๐’๐’‚๐’Š๐’Ž๐’” & ๐‘ฝ๐’‚๐’“๐’Š๐’‚๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’๐’” ๐‘บ๐’Š๐’Ž๐’‘๐’๐’Š๐’‡๐’Š๐’†๐’…

๐ŸšงClaim & variation terms distinction is essential & foundational element of project management

๐ŸšงVariation alter permanent work, claim involve change to manner in which permanent work delivered

๐Ÿท๐€๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐Œ๐ž๐œ๐ก๐š๐ง๐ข๐ฌ๐ฆ๐ฌ

โ–ถ๏ธEmployer initiate variation, issue formal instruction altering Scope Of Work, including project specs change, design preferences shift Claim require contractor to give notice, signaling unexpected event fall within employer's contractual risks Unlike variation, notification is essential for claim, affording employer an opportunity to mitigate potential impacts.

โ–ถ๏ธ๐•๐š๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐š๐ฌ ๐ฉ๐ž๐ซ ๐…๐ˆ๐ƒ๐ˆ๐‚ ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ—๐Ÿ–๐Ÿ•:Engineer shall make any variation of form, quality or Qty of Work or any part thereof that may, in his opinion, be necessary & for that purpose,or if for any other reason it shall, in his opinion, be appropriate, he shall have authority to instruct Contractor to do & Contractor shall do any of following:

(a)increase or decrease quantity of any work included in Contract
(b)omit any such work (but not if omitted work is to be carried out by Employer or by another contractor)
(c)change character or quality or kind of any such work
(d)change levels, lines, position & dimension of any part of Work
(e)execute additional work of any kind necessary for completion of Work
(f)change any specified sequence or timing of construction of any part of Work

๐Ÿ“œ๐๐š๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ž ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐‚๐ก๐š๐ง๐ ๐ž๐ฌ

โนVariation result alteration to permanent work, reflect shift in project specs or design elements Claim involve modification to manner in which permanent work delivered

โนClaim is legitimate request for additional compensation in term of time &/or cost due to breach contract term. Claim can be by Contractor or Employer

๐Ÿ’ซ๐‚๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ž๐ง๐ฌ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐•๐š๐ฅ๐ฎ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง

โ–ถ๏ธVariation assessed using a predetermined schedule of rates & prices incorporated into contract.

โ–ถ๏ธThis structured approach provide clarity & predictability in determining cost implications of variations.

โบClaim compensated based on cost incurred due to circumstance beyond control, as unpredictable nature of unforeseen events require a more flexible & adaptive valuation approach.

๐Ÿšง๐‚๐ก๐จ๐จ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐  ๐‘๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง

โบChoice influenced by factors such as nature of change,impact on project timelines & overall financial implication

โบRecognize activation mechanism, nature of change & valuation methods associated with variation & claim is essential for effective contract management.

โบVariation empower employer to modify project specs, claim provide contractor with mechanism to seek compensation for unforeseen events.

โบNavigating these complexities carefully consider circumstance at hand to choose most appropriate provision for seeking additional compensation, ensuring a fair & equitable resolution

@etconp
๐Ÿ™7๐Ÿ‘6โค2
แŠจแ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แŠฅแˆตแŠจ แŠแŠ’แˆบแŠ•แŒ แ‹ตแˆจแˆต แ‰ฅแ‰ แ‰ แˆ†แŠ‘ แˆฐแˆซแ‰ฐแŠžแ‰ปแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰ แŒฅแˆซแ‰ต แŠฅแ‹จแˆฐแˆซ แ‹ฐแŠ•แ‰ แŠžแ‰ปแ‰ฝแŠ•แŠ• แ‰ แˆ›แˆตแ‹ฐแˆฐแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแ‰ณแ‹ˆแ‰€แ‹ แŠฅแ‰ดแŒŒ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ•แŠ“ แˆแˆญแŠ’แ‰ธแˆญ แŠ แˆแŠ•แˆ แŒฅแˆซแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ•แŠ“ แ‹แ‰ แ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแŒ แ‰ แ‰ แˆแˆญแŠ’แ‰ธแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ•แŠ“ แ‹จแŠขแŠ•แ‰ฐแˆชแ‹จแˆญ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แŒฃแŒฃแŠ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แˆฐแˆญแ‰ฐแŠ• แŠฅแŠ“แˆตแˆจแŠญแ‰ฃแ‰ฝแŠ‹แˆˆแŠ•แกแก

แ‹จแˆแŠ•แˆฐแŒฃแ‰ธแ‹ แŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ถแ‰ฝ
โœ”๏ธ แ‹จแŠแŠ’แˆบแŠ•แŒ แˆตแˆซ
โœ”๏ธ แ‹จแ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แˆตแˆซ
โœ”๏ธ แ‹จแˆแˆญแŠ’แ‰ธแˆญ แˆตแˆซ

Etege Design and Furniture, which is known for making our customers happy by working with quality from design to finishing, still maintains its quality and beauty, and we deliver furniture and interior design works at affordable prices.

The services we provide
โœ”๏ธ Finishing work
โœ”๏ธ Design work
โœ”๏ธ Furniture work

แŠ แ‹ตแˆซแˆปแก แŠขแˆแ”แˆชแ‹ซแˆ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ 24 แ‰ แˆšแ‹ˆแˆตแ‹ฐแ‹ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŠจแ‹žแˆ‹ แŠขแŠ•แ‰ฐแˆญแŠ“แˆฝแŠ“แˆ แˆ†แ‰ดแˆ แŠ แŒ แŒˆแ‰ฅ แŠ แ‰ฃแ‹ญ แ‰ฃแŠ•แŠญ 1แŠ› แŽแ‰… แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹ซแŒˆแŠ™แŠ“แˆ

๐Ÿ“ž แ‹ญแ‹ฐแ‹แˆ‰แˆแŠ•: 0912270394
0974107073

Join our telegram ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿฝ
https://t.me/Etege_design_and_furniture

Join our family ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿฝ
https://linktr.ee/etegedesign
๐Ÿ‘5โค1
Ethio Construction Engineering
๐Ÿ‘‰The FIDIC (Fรฉdรฉration Internationale Des Ingรฉnieurs-Conseils) ๐Ÿšงcontracts are among the most widely used standard forms of contracts in the engineering and construction industry globally. They provide a framework that outlines the rights and obligationsโ€ฆ
๐Ÿ‘‰FIDIC TENDERING PROCEDURES

๐Ÿ’ซFIDIC is an international standards organization for consulting engineering and construction best known for its suite of contract templates. The FIDIC Tendering Procedures are designed to provide a comprehensive framework for the procurement of construction projects.

These procedures ensure transparency, fairness, and efficiency in the tendering process.

Here's an overview of the key aspects of FIDIC Tendering Procedures:

1.  Preparation
Pre-qualification : This step involves screening potential contractors to ensure they have the capability, experience, and resources necessary for the project.

Tender Documents : These include the Instructions to Tenderers, Conditions of Contract, Specifications, Drawings, Bills of Quantities, and Forms of Tender and Agreement.

2.  Invitation to Tender
Advertisement : The tender is publicly advertised or directly sent to pre-qualified contractors.

Tender Period : Contractors are given a specific period to prepare and submit their tenders.

3.  Tender Submission
Instructions to Tenderers : Detailed instructions are provided to ensure uniformity in tender submission.

Confidentiality : Tenders are submitted in sealed envelopes to maintain confidentiality.

4.  Tender Opening

Public Opening : Tenders are often opened publicly at a specified time and place to ensure transparency.

Record Keeping : Details of each tender submission are recorded for future reference.

5.  Tender Evaluation

Technical Evaluation : Assessing the technical aspects of the tenders, including compliance with specifications and project methodology.

Financial Evaluation : Analyzing the cost aspects, including price and payment terms.

Combined Evaluation : A holistic evaluation that considers both technical and financial aspects to determine the most advantageous tender.

6.  Award of Contract

Negotiation : Sometimes, negotiations are carried out with the preferred tenderer to finalize the contract terms.

Letter of Acceptance : The successful tenderer is issued a Letter of Acceptance, which forms the basis of the formal contract agreement.

Contract Signing : The formal contract is signed by both parties.

7.  Post-Tender Activities

Debriefing : Unsuccessful tenderers are debriefed on their performance and the reasons for their rejection.

Contract Management : Ongoing management of the contract to ensure compliance with the terms and successful project delivery.

๐ŸšงBenefits of FIDIC Tendering Procedures

*Transparency : Ensures a clear and open tendering process.
*Fairness : Provides equal opportunity for all tenderers.
*Efficiency : Streamlines the procurement process.
* Standardization : Utilizes internationally recognized standards and practices.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘27โค6๐Ÿ™5
๐Ÿ‘‰Did you know?

๐ŸšงWhy is bitumen coating used for substructure?

โ–ถ๏ธThe substructure is surrounded by soil that contains Sulphates and other salts that can threaten the reaction with green concrete or exposed reinforcement bars.

โ–ถ๏ธThis reaction will affect the strength of concrete in contact and the green concrete surface is in the need of protection against such salts.

โญ๏ธThe bitumen coatings of 150 microns are the answer to the problem of the surface of the substructure.

๐Ÿ’ซThis cheap application may be applied will enhance the durability of the newly constructed, or rendered surface, and concrete will attain maturity which will last longer.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘13โค2
โœจEKT CERAMICS
Quality Redefined

โœจaQuapa PPR Pipe and Fittings

๐Ÿ“Head Office
Location: Derar Mall 9th floor opposite to Sahlite Mihret Church

๐Ÿ“ฑ+251 929 93 0206
๐Ÿ“ฑ+251 929 53 1707  

www.ektceramics.com

#EKTceramics #ethiopia #theklinker #ektceramics #construction #admixture #ceramic #paint #sika #jotun #aquapa #primacera #hanbon #tesaassaabloy #spc #tiles #pprpipe #doorlock #sanitarywares #buildingmaterials
๐Ÿ‘2
๐Ÿ‘‰Plywood Formwork

๐ŸšงThe plywood used for formwork in construction is of Boiling Waterproof(BWP) grade which has been treated with preservatives and is especially suitable in formwork for sheathing, decking and form linings.

โญ๏ธIt is quite economical from the fact that it can be repeatedly used many times if proper care is taken while erecting and dismantling them.

โ–ถ๏ธOne of the most advantageous features of plywood formwork is that it is impressively durable under alternate wetting and dry weather conditions.

โ–ถ๏ธPlywood formwork has quite a hard surface and can thus withstand massive concrete loads and forces from the concrete mix and compacting vibrations.

โบIt is usually used along with timber and comes in numerous sizes and thicknesses.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘12โค1
โ‡๏ธ Archedemy แ‹จแˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“ แˆ˜แ‹•แŠจแˆ แŠจ etconp แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ• แˆแ‹ฉ แ‹จแŠญแˆญแˆ˜แ‰ต แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“ แŠ แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ…แ‰ถแ‰ทแˆ แข

๐Ÿ›‘แˆแ‹ฉ แ‹จแŠญแˆจแˆแ‰ต แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“          ๐Ÿ›‘ 20% แ‰…แŠ“แˆฝแข         ๐Ÿ“ž 0984121839

         ๐Ÿ“แ‰ แˆ˜แ‹ฐแ‰ แŠ› แ•แˆฎแŒแˆซแˆ
แˆฐแŠž แฃแˆจแ‰กแ‹• แฃแŠ แˆญแ‰ฅ (แ‹จแŠจแˆฐแŠ แ‰ต)
แˆ›แŠญแˆฐแŠž แฃ แˆ€แˆ™แˆต แฃ แ‰…แ‹ณแˆœ (แ‹จแŒ แ‹‹แ‰ต )
         ๐Ÿ“แ‹จแˆ›แ‰ณ
แˆฐแŠž แฃแˆจแ‰กแ‹• แฃแŠ แˆญแ‰ฅ(แŠจ11:30-1:30)
         ๐Ÿ“แ‹จแ‰…แ‹ณแˆœ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠฅแˆแ‹ต
แ‰…แ‹ณแˆœ แˆ›แ‰ณ 11:30-1:30
แŠฅแˆแ‹ต แŒ แ‹‹แ‰ตแข 3:30 - 6:30


โœ…แˆแˆแ‹ต แ‰ฃแˆ‹แ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแ‹ฉแŠ’แ‰จแˆญแˆฒแ‰ฒ แˆ˜แˆแˆ…แˆซแŠ• แŠ“ แŠ แˆญแŠญแ‰ดแŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแŒฅ แˆแ‹ฉ แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“แข

โœ…แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแˆ แ‰ แˆณแˆแŠ•แ‰ต แˆˆ1 แ‰€แŠ•  แАแƒ แˆœแŠ•แ‰ถแˆญ แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰  แŠฆแŠ•แˆ‹แ‹ญแŠ• แ‹‰แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹ซแŠซแ‰ตแ‰ณแˆ แข


โœ…แ‹ญแˆ… Course แˆตแˆˆ BIM แŠฅแŠ“ 3D Modeling, แˆ›แ‹ˆแ‰… แ‹ซแˆˆแ‰ฆแ‰ตแŠ• แˆแˆ‰แŠ•แˆ แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ณแ‹Š แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแŠซแ‰ตแ‰ต แАแ‹ แข แ‰ แŠฎแˆญแˆฑ แ‰ฅแ‰ แˆ†แАแ‹ แˆ‹แŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰ แˆฐแˆญแ‰ตแแŠฌแ‰ต แ‹ญแˆฐแŒฃแˆ แข

                   โœณ๏ธ    แ‹จแŠฎแˆญแˆฑ แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆฎแ‰ฝ

โœ… Full BIM & 3D design in in Revit,  Archicad

โœ…Rendering in Lumion , Twinmotion & Enscape

โœ…Video Presentation in Wondershare Filmora 


    โœณ๏ธ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แŒฃแŒฃแŠ แ‹‹แŒ‹  10, 000 ETB แˆˆ3
แ‹ˆแˆญ!
    โœณ๏ธ แ‰ แŠ แŠซแˆ แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆ แ‰ แˆตแˆแŠญ  แˆตแ‰ตแˆ˜แ‹˜แŒˆแ‰ก แ‰  etconp แ‰ แŠฉแˆ แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒแ‹แŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแŒˆแŠ›แ‰ฝแˆ แŠจแŒˆแˆˆแŒปแ‰ฝแˆ แ‹จ 10 % แ‰…แŠ“แˆป แ‰ณแŒˆแŠ›แˆ‹แ‰ฝแˆ แข

โœณ๏ธ  แ‰…แ‹ตแˆšแ‹ซ   แˆˆแˆšแˆ˜แŒก 5 แˆฐแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹จ แ‰…แŠ“แˆฝ แ‹จแˆšแŠ–แˆจแ‹‰ แ‹ญแˆ†แŠ“แˆ แข
   
๐Ÿ“ž 0984121839
@etconpworks
๐Ÿ‘7โค1
๐Ÿ‘‰What is Honeycomb?

๐Ÿ’ซHoneycombs are hollow spaces and cavities left in concrete mass on the surface or inside the mass where concrete could not reach. These look like honey bees nest.

๐ŸšงCauses of honeycomb in Concrete:

1 .Insufficient compaction to concrete.

2 .Less cover to reinforcement bars.

3 .Improper Workability in concrete

4 .Concrete already set before placing .

5 .High concrete free fall while pouring

6 .Form work not watertight/rigid.

7 .More coarse aggrgegates than designed mix proportions and over sized aggregates.

8 .Improper placement of bars at column and beam junction.

9 .Addition of more water than designed at site for achieving workability.

10 .Steel congestion not allowing concrete flow to all corner.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘20โค5
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‹จแ‹ถแˆ‹แˆญ แˆแŠ•แ‹›แˆฌ แˆ˜แŒจแˆ˜แˆญแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแˆ˜แŒแ‹›แ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆ แˆ˜แ‰€แАแˆต แ‰ แŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแˆšแŠ–แˆจแ‹ แ‰ฐแ…แŠฅแŠ– แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‹‹แŒ‹ แŠ•แˆจแ‰ต แˆ›แŠซแŠซแˆป แ‹ตแŠ•แŒ‹แŒŒ construction claim แˆƒแˆณแ‰ฅ แˆตแŒกแŠ•?๐Ÿ‘‡

https://t.me/COTMp
๐Ÿ‘11โค2
Intercon Construction Chemicals 
    
๐Ÿ‘‰ Authorized agent of MC (Conmix), Weber and SIMENTEK

โ— Concrete Admixtures
โ— Bonding Agents
โ— Waterproofings
โ— Concrete Repair, Grout   
โ— Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
โ— Wall Putty, Prime Coat, Rush Coat
โ— Quartz, Contextra
โ— Specialized paints (Thermal and Insulation Paints, Street and Playground Paints)
โ— Floor hardener, Epoxy              
โ— Geotextiles, Geo-membranes and other construction chemicals and materials

Tel: 0961955555 or 0961955559
Address: Signal, around signal mall
โค3๐Ÿ‘3
แ‰ณแˆแˆซแ‰ต  แ•แˆŒแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แŒ„แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ข

๐Ÿ‘‰แˆแˆ‰แŠ• แ‰ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแŒˆแŠ™แ‰ แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆˆแˆแˆ‰แˆ แ‰…แˆญแ‰ฅ

๐Ÿ”ฐแˆแŠ• แ‹ญแˆแˆแŒ‹แˆ‰?

๐Ÿ“Œแ•แˆŒแ‰ตแŠ“ แŒ„แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แ‰ แˆแˆˆแŒ‰แ‰ต แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€ แŠ แˆˆแŠ•

โœ‚๏ธแˆ‹แˆœแˆซ แˆ›แˆตแ‰†แˆซแˆจแŒฅ แˆ›แˆตแ‰ แˆณแ‰ต แ‹ˆแ‹ญแŠ•แˆ แˆ›แˆณแŒ แ แŠจแˆแˆˆแŒ‰  แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแ‹ซแˆตแ‰ก แˆแˆ‰แŠ•แˆ แˆ›แˆฝแŠ–แ‰ฝ แŠ แˆตแŒˆแ‰ฅแ‰ฐแŠ“แˆ

๐Ÿ”—แŒแˆฎ (แ‰ถแŠ•แ‹ฒแŠ–) แŒฅแˆญแˆต แˆ›แˆตแ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹ˆแ‹ญแŠ•แˆ แˆ›แˆณแŒ แ แŠซแˆฐแ‰ก แˆˆแˆฑแˆ แˆ›แˆฝแŠ‘ แ‰ แŒƒแ‰ฝแŠ• แАแ‹‰

๐Ÿ“แˆ›แŠ•แŠ›แ‹‰แŠ•แˆ แ‹จแˆžแ‹ฐแŠแŠญ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแˆฉ แ‰ฅแ‰ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ™แ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแˆ แŠ แˆ‰แŠ•

โ˜Ž๏ธแ‹ญแ‹ฐแ‹‰แˆ‰แˆแŠ• แ‹ซแˆ›แŠญแˆฉแŠ•

๐Ÿ“แŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซ แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แ‹จแ‰ตแˆ แŠฅแŠ•แˆแŠญแˆŽแ‰ณแˆˆแŠ•

แŠ แ‹ตแˆซแˆปแ‰ฝแŠ•แฆ แ‰.1 แŠ แ‹‰แ‰ถแ‰ฅแˆต แ‰ฐแˆซ(แˆ˜แˆณแˆˆแˆšแ‹ซ)
                    แ‰.2 แˆ˜แˆญแŠซแ‰ถ
                    แ‰.3 แ‰ฐแŠญแˆˆแˆ€แ‹ญแˆ›แŠ–แ‰ต

0904040477
0911016833
๐Ÿ‘3โค1
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰€แ‹ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต 443 แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠ แŒ แŠ“แ‰† แˆˆแŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ต แˆ›แ‰ฅแ‰ƒแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‰ขแˆฎแ‹ แŒˆแˆแŒฟแˆแกแก

๐Ÿšงแ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ•แŠ“ แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ขแˆฎ แ‹จ2016 แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แ‹จแˆ˜แˆแŠซแˆ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ˜แ‹ฐแ‰ แŠ› แ‹•แ‰…แ‹ต แŠ แˆแƒแ€แˆ™แŠ• แŠจแˆฐแˆซแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แŒ‹แˆญ แ‹จแŒˆแˆ˜แŒˆแˆ˜ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ• แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแˆ แ‹จ2017 แ‹•แ‰…แ‹ฑแŠ• แ‰ แ‹›แˆฌแ‹ แ‹•แˆˆแ‰ต แ‹จแŒ‹แˆซ แŠ แ‹ตแˆญแŒ“แˆแกแก

โญ๏ธแŠจแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŠ แˆแƒแ€แˆ แŠ แŠ•แƒแˆญ แ‰ขแˆฎแ‹ แ‰ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ฑ แ‹จแŠญแแˆˆแŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แ‰…แˆญแŠ•แŒซแ แ…/แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠ แˆแƒแ€แˆ แŒจแˆแˆฎ 329 แŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ต แˆ˜แˆตแŒซ แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆ›แ‰ต แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰… แŠ แ‰…แ‹ถ แ‹จแАแ‰ แˆจ แ‰ขแˆ†แŠ•แˆ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆฐแˆฉ แˆฐแŠ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ 443 แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰ แˆ›แŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰… แˆˆแŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ต แ‹แŒแŒ แˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แ‰ แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ฑ แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰…แˆทแˆแกแก

โ–ถ๏ธแŠจแ‹šแˆ… แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแˆ  แ‰ แŒŠแ‹œ แˆ›แ‹•แ‰€แ‰ 260 แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แ‰ต แ‰ณแ‰…แ‹ถ 457 แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แˆ›แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แ‹จแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‹ แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ต แ‹ซแˆณแ‹ซแˆแกแก

โ–ถ๏ธแ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ญแ‹žแˆ 261 แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฎแ‰ฝแŠ“ แ‹จแŠ แˆ›แŠซแˆช แŒแ‹ฅ แˆˆแˆ˜แˆแ€แˆ แ‰ณแ‰…แ‹ถ 535 แˆ›แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แ‰€แˆฐ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ• แŠจแˆตแˆซ แ‹•แ‹ตแˆ แˆแŒ แˆซ แŠ แŠ•แƒแˆญแˆ แˆˆ50,000 แ‹œแŒŽแ‰ฝ แ‰‹แˆšแŠ“ แŒŠแ‹œแ‹ซแ‹Š แ‹จแˆตแˆซ แ‹•แ‹ตแˆ แˆˆแˆ˜แแŒ แˆญ แ‰ณแ‰…แ‹ถ 50,911 แˆ›แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆแŠ“ แ‰ แ‹šแˆ…แˆ 6,164,423,352.52 แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแŒˆแ‰ แ‹ซ แ‰ตแˆตแˆตแˆญ แˆ˜แแŒ แˆญ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แ‹จแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‹ แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ต แ‹ซแˆณแ‹ซแˆแกแก

๐ŸทแŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ แ‹จ6,000 แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŒแ‰ฅแ‹“แ‰ต แŠ“แˆ™แŠ“แ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แŒฅแˆซแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰คแ‰ฐแˆ™แŠจแˆซ แˆˆแˆ›แˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒฅ แ‰ณแ‰…แ‹ถ 8,250 แˆ›แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ฑ แ‹ซแˆ˜แˆ‹แŠจแ‰ฐ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ• แŠจแ‹šแˆ… แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแˆ 4 แŒŠแ‹œ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŒแ‰ฅแ‹“แ‰ต แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰ฐแŠจแˆ‹ แˆ›แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแ‰ปแˆˆ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ 431 แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹จแŠญแ‹‹แŠ”แŠ“ แ‹แ‹ญแŠ“แŠ•แˆฝแˆ แŠฆแ‹ฒแ‰ต แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‰ณแ‰…แ‹ถ แˆˆ 470 แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ˜แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ‘แŠ• แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ฑ แ‹ซแˆณแ‹ซแˆแกแก

โบแ‹จแ‰ขแˆฎแ‹ แŠƒแˆ‹แŠ แŠข/แˆญ แŠ แ‹ซแˆแАแˆฝ แˆแ‰ฅแ‰ฐแˆ›แˆญแ‹ซแˆ แˆ˜แ‹ตแˆจแŠฉแŠ• แˆฒแ‹ซแŒ แ‰ƒแˆแˆ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแŒˆแˆˆแแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แ‰ขแˆฎ แ‰ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ฑ แ‰ แˆญแŠซแ‰ณ แˆตแŠฌแ‰ณแˆ› แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แŠ แŠ•แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ญ แ‰ แˆ˜แ‹ฐแ‰ แŠ› แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ปแ‰ฝแŠ•แฃแ‰ แˆฐแ‹ แ‰ฐแŠฎแˆญ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ปแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ แ‰ แŠฎแˆชแ‹ถแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ฑ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ แАแ‰ แˆจแŠ• แ‰ฐแˆณแ‰ตแŽ แ‹ซแˆณแŠซแŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แˆตแŠฌแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‰€แˆ‹แˆ แ‹จแˆ›แ‹ญแ‰ฃแˆ‰ แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ แˆ›แˆˆแ‰ต แŠ แˆ˜แˆซแˆฉแŠ“ แˆฐแˆซแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แˆˆแАแ‰ แˆจแ‹ แ‰ฐแˆณแ‰ตแŽ แŠ แˆ˜แˆตแŒแАแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ•แŠ“ แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ขแˆฎ

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘16
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‰ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แ‰ แŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต  แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแค แ‰ แŠซแˆฌ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 268 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแˆŠแ‹ แŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰€แˆจแ‰  

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠจแˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ซแ‹˜ แ‰ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แˆ‹แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒƒแ‰ธแ‹ แˆถแˆตแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแค แ‰ แŠซแˆฌแˆœแ‰ตแˆญ แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 268 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹ตแˆจแˆต แ‹จแˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แˆŠแ‹ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹แข

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แˆŠแ‹ แ‹‹แŒ‹แ‹Žแ‰นแค แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆแ‹ แŒแŠ•แ‰ฆแ‰ต แ‹ˆแˆญ แ‰ แ‹šแˆ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แˆˆแŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แˆˆแ‰€แˆจแ‰ก แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆฐแŒ แ‹ แ‹ซแАแˆฐ แАแ‹แข
 
๐Ÿ’ซแ‰ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แˆฒแŠ’แˆ› แŠ แˆแ’แˆญ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แˆˆแˆšแŒˆแŠ™แ‰ต แˆถแˆตแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹จแ‰€แˆจแ‰ก แ‹จแˆ˜แŒซแˆจแ‰ป แ‹‹แŒ‹แ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‹ญแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠจแˆแ‰ฑแ‰ต แ‰ตแˆ‹แŠ•แ‰ต แˆฐแŠž แˆแˆแˆŒ 29แค 2016 แ‰ แ‰ฐแŠซแˆ„แ‹ฐ แˆตแА แˆตแˆญแ‹“แ‰ต แАแ‰ แˆญแข

๐Ÿšงแ‰ แ‹šแˆ แˆตแА แˆตแˆญแŠ แ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แˆˆแˆšแŒˆแŠ™ แˆถแˆตแ‰ต แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠจแ‰ฐแ‹ˆแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆฉ แ‰ฐแŒซแˆซแ‰พแ‰ฝ แ‹แˆตแŒฅแค แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แˆ˜แŒ แŠ• แ‹ซแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‹ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠขแŠ•แ‰ฐแˆญแŠ“แˆฝแŠ“แˆ แ‰ฃแŠ•แŠญ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข

โญ๏ธแ‰ฃแŠ•แŠฉ 1,157 แŠซแˆฌ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ แˆตแ‹แ‰ต แˆ‹แˆˆแ‹ แˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แ‹ซแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‹ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰ แŠซแˆฌ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ 268 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แАแ‹แข แ‰ฐแŒซแˆซแ‰น แ‰ แŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แˆ›แˆ˜แˆแŠจแ‰ปแ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ 51 แ‰ แˆ˜แ‰ถ แ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜ แŠญแแ‹ซ แˆˆแˆ›แˆตแŒˆแ‰ฃแ‰ต แˆ˜แˆตแˆ›แˆ›แ‰ฑแŠ•แˆ แŠ แˆตแ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข 

๐Ÿšงแ‰ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แˆˆแŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แŠจแ‰€แˆจแ‰กแ‰ต แˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ แˆ˜แŒ แŠ• แŠ แАแˆตแ‰ฐแŠ› แˆˆแˆ†แАแ‹ แˆˆแ‹šแˆ… แ‰ฆแ‰ณแค แˆแˆˆแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹แŠ• แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‹ซแ‰€แˆจแ‰ แ‹ แ‰ แˆญแ‹ฌ แˆชแˆ แˆตแ‰ดแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ต แАแ‹แข แ‹จแˆชแˆ แˆตแ‰ดแ‰ต แŠ แˆแˆšแ‹ แ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ต แˆˆแ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹ แ‰ แŠซแˆฌ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ 96,513 แ‰ฅแˆญ แˆฒแ‹ซแ‰€แˆญแ‰ฅแค แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆณแˆณแ‹ญ แ‹จแˆตแˆซ แ‹˜แˆญแ แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆ›แˆซแ‹ แˆชแˆ€ แˆชแˆ แˆตแ‰ดแ‰ต แŠ แŠญแˆฒแ‹ฎแŠ• แˆ›แˆ…แ‰ แˆญ แ‰ แ‰ แŠฉแˆ‰ แ‰ แŠซแˆฌ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ 66,666 แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแˆ˜แ‹ˆแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆชแ‹ซ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แŠ แˆตแŒˆแ‰ฅแ‰ทแˆแข 

Via Ethiopia Insider

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘6๐Ÿฅฐ1