👉የ ዛሬ Quiz ቡፌ እንዴት ነበር?

...ከወደዳቹት እና እንዲቀጥል ከፈለጉ በ ❤ ሪኣክሽን አበርቱን ለወዳጅዎ በማጋራት ያግዙን🙏

💫ደና ደሩ መልካም ምሽት😇

@etconp

👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals 

● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials

Tel: 0961955555
Address: Signal, around signal mall

👉Pre-stressed concrete:

💫Pre stressed concrete is concrete that has been brought in a state of compression before the work load is applied.

🚧This is done by putting tension on the steel inside and can be done in a number of ways.

⏺Either steel cables are tensioned and rebar is put down before the concrete is poured.

⏺Then after the concrete has set the tension on the cables is released putting the concrete in compression.

Post tensioning:

Post tensioning is a technique where the pre-stressing is done by stretching the cables after the concrete has set.

This takes considerably more work and much extra rebar is needed to prevent damage during the tensioning process.

@etconp

👉በአዲስ አበባ ባለፉት ዘጠኝ ወራት ከ6.3 ሚሊየን ብር በላይ የሚገመት የመንገድ  ሃብት ላይ ጉዳት ደረሰ

🚧በአዲስ አበበ ከተማ በ2017 በጀት ዓመት ባለፉት ዘጠኝ  ወራት በከተማዋ የተለያዩ አካባቢዎች በተሽከርካሪዎች ግጭት ምክንያት ከ6 ነጥብ 3 ሚሊዮን ብር በላይ ግምት ባለው የመንገድ መሰረተ ልማት ላይ ጉዳት መድረሱ ተገልጿል።

በበጀት ዓመቱ የመጀመሪያ ግማሽ ዓመት በአጠቃላይ 182 የተሽከርካሪ ግጭት አደጋዎች የደረሱ ሲሆን ከእነዚህም ውስጥ 21 አደጋዎች በቀለበት መንገድ ላይ ተከስተዋል፡፡131 የግጭት አደጋዎች ደግሞ ከቀለበት መንገድ ውጪ የደረሱ ናቸው፡፡

ከዚህም በተጨማሪ፤ በእግረኛ መንገዶች ላይ የግንባታ ግብዓትና ተረፈ ምርት ባከማቹና ሌሎች የመንገድ መብት ጥሰቶች በፈፀሙ አካላት የፅሁፍ ማስጠንቀቂያና የእርምት እርምጃ በመወሰድ ማስተካከያ ተደርጓል፡፡

ባለስልጣን መስሪያ ቤቱ በተሽከርካሪ ግጭት ምክንያት ጉዳት የደረሰበትን የመንገድ ሀብት ከመጠገን ጎን ለጎን፣ ከጉዳት አድራሾችና ከሌሎች የመንገድ ጉዳት ካሣ ክፍያዎች ከ23 ነጥብ 4 ሚሊዮን ብር በላይ ክፍያ መሰብሰቡን የአዲስ አበባ መንገዶች ባለስልጣን ምክትል ኃላፊ አቶ እያሱ ሰለሞን ለብስራት ሬዲዮ እና ቴሌቪዥን ተናግረዋል፡፡

@etconp

👉A household wastewater treatment system, integrating a grease trap, septic tank, and anaerobic filter.

The system processes wastewater by separating solids, breaking down organic matter, and filtering the effluent before it is discharged.

The treated water can be used for irrigation, infiltration fields, absorption wells, or even safely returned to a natural water source.

This setup promotes sustainable water management, reducing environmental impact while maintaining efficient waste disposal.

@etconp

👉The purpose of taking laboratory tests after the compaction of the sub-base in road or highway construction is to ensure the quality and stability of the sub-base layer, which is crucial for the overall performance of the pavement structure.

🏷The key objectives include:

🚧1. Density and Compaction Verification: To measure the density of the compacted sub-base and ensure it meets specified standards.

Proper compaction is essential to prevent future settlement or deformation.

🚧2. Moisture Content Analysis: To determine the moisture content of the sub-base, which affects compaction and stability.

This helps in ensuring that the compaction process was conducted at the optimal moisture level.

🚧3. Strength Assessment: Tests such as California Bearing Ratio (CBR) or Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) are performed to evaluate the load-bearing capacity of the sub-base material.

🚧4. Material Quality Evaluation: To analyze the physical and chemical properties of the materials used, ensuring they meet the engineering requirements specified in design documents.

🚧5. Detection of Deficiencies: To identify any potential problems, such as inadequate compaction, improper material usage, or moisture issues, that could affect the performance of the road.

🚧6. Compliance with Standards: To ensure that the construction meets regulatory and engineering standards, providing a safe and durable road structure.

🚧7. Future Maintenance Planning: The results can inform future maintenance strategies by identifying weak areas that may require attention.

❇️Conducting these tests helps in achieving a reliable and long-lasting road or highway infrastructure.

@etconp

👉The effectiveness of reinforcement concrete lies in the complementary strengths of its components:

💫1.High Compressive Strength: Concrete is appropriate for pavements, foundations, and columns because it can support heavy loads without deforming.

💫2.High Tensile Strength: The structural integrity and prevention of cracks are ensured by the resistance of steel reinforcement to tensile pressures.

💫3.Durability: When properly engineered, reinforced concrete is naturally resistant to weathering, fire, and chemical attacks.

💫4.Workability: Architects can realize imaginative designs since it can be poured into molds and sculpted into almost any shape.

Admixtures have also been added by contemporary technology to improve qualities including workability, curing time, and environmental resistance.

@etconp

👉Structural behavior of cantilever beams A famous photograph by Benjamin Baker, in which through a living model the cantilever structural principle on which the solution to the Firth Bridge over the Forth was based.

💫To illustrate the structural theory of a cantilever beam (Gerber), a human demonstration was carried out. The loads were represented by the person sitting in the middle of the span of the suspended span.

⏺The arms of the persons seated on both sides represented the traction at the joints; the wooden bars, the compression at the lower elements, and the bricks, the anchor points located at the pylons.

⏺The chairs represent the granite piles.

⏺Imagine the chairs 500 m apart and the men's heads as high as St. Paul's cross (London church, 104 m) their arms are represented by steel beams and the canes by 3.5 m diameter tubes at the base you get a good notion of the structure.

📜Heinrich Gerber applied in 1866 a theory that consisted in subdividing the continuous beam through ball-and-socket joints "which define a point of zero bending moment".

▶️This type of beam with intermediate joints is what is now known as a Gerber beam. The position where these hinges are located allows for influencing the behavior of the beam; therefore, it is not only used directly in some structures but in some projects, a real beam can be idealized by assimilating it to a Gerber beam, whose isostatic allows a simple approximate calculation.

@etconp

👉Why Building Collapse

💫There are several reasons why buildings can collapse,but one of the most significant causes of building collapses is column buckling.

⏺Column buckling is a phenomenon where a structural column fails due to an applied load exceeding its load-bearing capacity.

▶️It occurs when a column, typically made of steel or concrete, is too long and slender in relation to its cross-sectional area.

⏺When the column is subjected to compressive forces, it starts to deform, and the cross-sectional area of the column begins to bend out of shape.

❇️As the deformation continues, the column loses its stability and collapses.

@etconp

👉Terrace Tar Felt Waterproofing

1. Melt the tar coal at 250°F

2. Pour requisite amount on the slab

3. Spread the tar on area where the felt sheet will be laid

4. Spray tar coal on the back of the sheet and place it on the slab. The hot tar will act as the bonding agent. Make sure to overlap the sheets.

5. Take at least 1’ of the applied sheet on the wall creating a golagola. This is done to cover the joint.

Make sure all pointed edges of the columns are cut before the process starts to avoid any cutting of the felt.

8. Store a pool of water on the terrace to check for any leaks.

@etconp

👉ነጻ የ ስኮላርሺፕ ትምህርት እድል

💫ጎትፍራይድ ቦም፣ ኮሎኝ ፣ ጀርመን

🚧በኪነህንጻ የሁለተኛ ዲግሪአቸውን ለጨረሱ

📜ዝርዝሩን በማስፈንጠርያው ተጠቅመው ይመልከቱ👇

https://gb-stipendium.de/application

@etconp

ታምራት  ፕሌት እና ጄቦልት አቅራቢ

♧ ሁሉን በአንድ ቦታ ለሁሉም ቅርብ

📍ኢትዮጵያ ዉስጥ የትም እንልክሎታለን

♧ ይደውሉልን ያማክሩን

0904040477
0911016833

👉አንገብጋቢው መኖሪያ ቤት

💫በኢትዮጵያ የከተማ ልማት ፖሊሲ ለመጀመሪያ ጊዜ ተዘጋጅቶ ወደ ተግባር የተሸጋገረውም በ1996 ዓ.ም ሲሆን፣ በፖሊሲው ውስጥ ከተካተቱት ዋና ዋና ጉዳዮች መካከል የከተሞች የመኖሪያ ቤቶች ልማት ጉዳይ አንዱ ነበር፡፡

በፖሊሲው በከተሞች የቤት ልማት ስራ ማከናወን፣ የከተማ መተፋፈግንና እርጅናን ማስወገድ፣ የመጠለያ ችግርን መቅረፍ፣ የቁጠባ ባህልን ማዳበር፣ ሰፊ የሥራ ዕድል መፍጠር፣ የኮንስትራክሽን ኢንዱስትሪውን ማሳደግ እና ፍትኃዊ የሀብት ክፍፍልን ማረጋገጥ የሚሉት ከፍተኛ ትኩረት የተሰጣቸው ሲሆን፣ በፖሊሲው የተቀመጡ አቅጣጫዎችን መሠረት በማድረግ ከ1996 ዓ.ም ጀምሮ የተቀናጀ የቤቶች ልማት ፕሮግራም ተቀርጾ ተግባራዊ መደረግ ጀመረ፡፡

በዚህም የተቀናጀ የቤቶች ልማት ፕሮግራም በሙከራ ደረጃ በአዲስ አበባ ከተጀመረበት ጊዜ ጀምሮ በአጠቃላይ በፕሮግራሙ ከ400 ሺህ ቤቶች በላይ በመገንባት ዝቅተኛና መካከለኛ ገቢ ያላቸው የከተማ ነዋሪዎችን ተጠቃሚ ማድረግም ተችሏል፡፡

ነገር ግን መንግሥት በከተሞች የሚታየውን የቤት ችግር ለመቅረፍ ከፍተኛ ጥረት ያደረገ ቢሆንም፤  በየጊዜው እየጨመረ ከሚሄደው የህዝብ ቁጥር አንፃር እንዲሁም ያለው የቤት ፍላጎትና አቅርቦት አለመጣጣም የተነሳ በከተሞች የቤት ጉዳይ ከፍተኛ ቅሬታ ከማስነሳት አልዘለለም፡፡

ከዚህ በመነሳትም በኢትዮጵያ ከተሞች ተደራሽ እና ተመጣጣኝ የመኖሪያ ቤቶችን በፍጥነት፣ በጥራትና በብዛት ለማቅረብ በሂደትም ሰፊ የሥራ ዕድል ለመፍጠር እና የኮንስትራክሽን ኢንዱስትሪውን ለማጎልበት እንዲሁም ያረጁና የተፋፈጉ የከተማ አካባቢዎችን ለማደስ በሚያስችል መልኩ ስድስት የቤት ልማት አማራጮች በመንግሥት አስተባባሪነት እና ስድስት የቤት ልማት አማራጮች በግሉ ሴክተር በማካተት ቀደም ሲል የነበረው ስትራቴጂ እንዲሻሻል ተደርጓል፡፡

በመሆኑም የመኖሪያ ቤት አቅርቦት ከመንግሥት በተጨማሪ የግል ባለሀብቶችንና ሌሎች አካላትን በስፋት በሚያሳትፍ መልኩ እንዲጓዝ የሚያስችል አቅጣጫ መንግሥት በማስቀመጥ የህብረተሰቡን የቤት ፍላጎትም ለመመለስ በ10 ዓመት ውስጥ 4.4 ሚሊዮን የመኖሪያ ቤቶችን ለመገንባት ዕቅድ ተይዟል፡፡

ከሚገነቡ 4.4 ሚሊዮን ቤቶች ውስጥ የመንግሥት ሚና 20 በመቶውን እንዲሁም 40/60 ግንባታቸው የሚቀጥሉ ሲሆን፣ በአዲስ አበባ ላይ ተቋርጦ የነበረው የ10/90 ግንባታ ይጀምራል፡፡

በተያዙት አስር ዓመታት ዕቅድ ዝቅተኛ ገቢ ያላቸው ዜጎች ተጠቃሚ የሚያደርጉ የኪራይ ቤቶች በስፋት የሚገነቡ ይሆናሉ፡፡

በሌላ በኩል የማኀበራት ቤቶች ወይም ዜጎች በማህበር ተደራጅተው የሚገነቡት ቤቶች ከፍተኛውን ድርሻ እንደሚይዙና ከተያዘው ዕቅድ 35 በመቶ ያህሉን እንደሚሸፍን በዕቅድ ተይዟል፡፡ በማህበራት ለሚገነቡ ቤቶች መንግሥት የማደራጀት እና መሬት በምደባ የማቅረብ ድጋፍ እንደሚያደርግ አቅጣጫ የተቀመጠ ሲሆን  በግለሰቦች እንዲገነባ በእቅድ የተያዘው የቤት መጠን ደግሞ ወደ 15 በመቶ ያህል መሆኑንና የሪልስቴት ገንቢ ባለሀብቶች 10 በመቶ እንደሚሸፍን ታቅዷል፡፡

ሌላው አማራጭ በመንግሥትና በግል አጋርነት የሚገነባ ቤት 15 በመቶ እንዲሁም በሽርክና (joint venture) 5 በመቶ የሚሸፍን ይሆናል፡፡

(ይህ ከላይ የቀረበው መረጃ የተገኘው "የመኖሪያ ቤቶች ልማት በአትዮጵያ ከየት ወዴት?" በሚል ርዕስ የከተማ እና መሠረተ ልማት ሚኒስቴር ከዚህ በፊት ያሰራጨው ጹሑፍ ሲሆን፤ ከጽሑፉ ጋር የቀረበው ፎቶ ደግሞ  በቻይና Jieyang ከተማ ውስጥ ለመሬት ቁጠባ ተብሎ በስምንት ሜትር ርቀት ብቻ የተገነቡ የአፓርታማ ሕንፃዎች ናቸው።)

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