The space between two adjacent Trusses is called
Anonymous Quiz
50%
Span
23%
Pitch
18%
Bay
10%
Panel
๐7โค2
Statement (I) : As modulus of elasticity of a material increases degree deformation of material decreases.
Statement (II) : A mild steel rod has greater modulus of elasticity than cast iron so deformation in elasto-plastic region will be less in it
Statement (II) : A mild steel rod has greater modulus of elasticity than cast iron so deformation in elasto-plastic region will be less in it
Anonymous Quiz
31%
Both statements (I) & (II) are correct and statement (II) is correct explanation of statement (I)
28%
Statement (I) is correct but statement (II) is wrong
22%
Statement (I) is wrong but statement (II) is correct
19%
Both statements (I) & (II) are correct but statement (II) is no correct explanation of statement (I)
๐6โค4
๐ INTERCON Construction Chemicals
โ Concrete Admixtures
โ Bonding Agents
โ Waterproofings
โ Wall Putty, Prime Coat
โ Concrete Repair Mortar
โ Floor hardener, Epoxy
โ Grout, Self-level mortar
โ Quartz paint, Contextra
โ Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
โ Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
โ๏ธ Tel: 0961955555
๐น Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
๐น Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
โ Concrete Admixtures
โ Bonding Agents
โ Waterproofings
โ Wall Putty, Prime Coat
โ Concrete Repair Mortar
โ Floor hardener, Epoxy
โ Grout, Self-level mortar
โ Quartz paint, Contextra
โ Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
โ Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
โ๏ธ Tel: 0961955555
๐น Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
๐น Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
โค2
๐What is interior design in the architecture & construction industry?
๐ซInterior design is the professional practice of shaping interior spaces so they are safe, functional, efficient, and beautiful for the people who use them.
โบIn the broader architecture and construction industry it sits between architecture (the buildingโs overall form, structure and engineering) and fit-out/construction (the actual building work and installation). โบInterior designers translate usersโ needs, brand or lifestyle, and building constraints into usable interior environments.
โญ๏ธCore roles & responsibilities
๐งSpace planning: arranging rooms, furniture and circulation so spaces work well for intended activities.
๐งConcept & aesthetics: developing style, color palettes, materials, lighting concept and mood (often via mood boards and renderings).
๐งTechnical documentation: producing interior drawings, elevations, details, joinery/shop drawings, finishes schedules and FF&E (furniture, fixtures & equipment) lists.
๐งCoordination: working with architects, structural and MEP engineers, contractors and suppliers to integrate interiors with systems (HVAC, lighting, fire, accessibility).
๐งSpecification & procurement: selecting and specifying materials, finishes, fixtures and furniture; managing purchasing and delivery.
๐งConstruction administration: reviewing contractor work, site inspections, responding to RFIโs, approving samples and supervising installation.
๐งUser & code compliance: ensuring accessibility, egress, fire safety, acoustics and local building codes are met.
๐งBudget & schedule management: keeping interior scope within client budget and construction timeline.
๐งTypical project stages
Brief/Programming: understand client needs, users, budget.
๐งConcept design: sketches, massing of spaces, mood boards, preliminary cost estimate.
๐งDesign development: detailed plans, material selections, lighting & furniture layout.
๐งConstruction documentation: technical drawings, specifications, schedules for tender/permit.
๐งTender & procurement: select contractors, order long-lead items.
๐งConstruction/fit-out: site supervision, quality control, coordination.
๐งHandover & post-occupancy: snagging, final adjustments, feedback.
๐งDeliverables an interior designer typically produces
Floor plans & furniture layouts
Reflected ceiling plans (lighting/plenum)
โบInterior elevations and detailed joinery drawings
โบFinish and materials schedule
โบFF&E schedule and procurement lists
โบ3D renderings and walkthroughs (for client approval)
โบSamples & mockups (e.g., joinery or feature wall)
โบAs-built drawings after completion
๐How interior design interacts with architecture & construction
โบWith architects: designers follow architectural constraints (structure, openings, MEP routes) and contribute to interior expression and functionality.
โบWith engineers/contractors: designers must coordinate technical requirements (lighting, HVAC, acoustic treatments, fire protection) so interior work is buildable and code-compliant.
โบWith clients & stakeholders: designers translate user needs, brand identity or lifestyle into measurable interior solutions.
๐ฒWhy interior design matters (value)
โบImproves usability and productivity (in offices, schools, hospitals).
โบEnhances marketability and value of property.
โบReduces costly mistakes through early coordination and documentation.
โบImproves comfort, safety and occupant wellbeing (lighting, acoustics, ergonomics).
โบSupports sustainability goals (material choice, energy-efficient lighting, adaptive reuse).
โก๏ธSkills & tools commonly used
โบDesign thinking, ergonomics, color and material knowledge.
Technical drafting and detailing.
โบSoftware: AutoCAD, Revit/Interior Revit, SketchUp, 3ds Max or Blender, Adobe Photoshop/Illustrator, and specification tools.
@etconp
๐ซInterior design is the professional practice of shaping interior spaces so they are safe, functional, efficient, and beautiful for the people who use them.
โบIn the broader architecture and construction industry it sits between architecture (the buildingโs overall form, structure and engineering) and fit-out/construction (the actual building work and installation). โบInterior designers translate usersโ needs, brand or lifestyle, and building constraints into usable interior environments.
โญ๏ธCore roles & responsibilities
๐งSpace planning: arranging rooms, furniture and circulation so spaces work well for intended activities.
๐งConcept & aesthetics: developing style, color palettes, materials, lighting concept and mood (often via mood boards and renderings).
๐งTechnical documentation: producing interior drawings, elevations, details, joinery/shop drawings, finishes schedules and FF&E (furniture, fixtures & equipment) lists.
๐งCoordination: working with architects, structural and MEP engineers, contractors and suppliers to integrate interiors with systems (HVAC, lighting, fire, accessibility).
๐งSpecification & procurement: selecting and specifying materials, finishes, fixtures and furniture; managing purchasing and delivery.
๐งConstruction administration: reviewing contractor work, site inspections, responding to RFIโs, approving samples and supervising installation.
๐งUser & code compliance: ensuring accessibility, egress, fire safety, acoustics and local building codes are met.
๐งBudget & schedule management: keeping interior scope within client budget and construction timeline.
๐งTypical project stages
Brief/Programming: understand client needs, users, budget.
๐งConcept design: sketches, massing of spaces, mood boards, preliminary cost estimate.
๐งDesign development: detailed plans, material selections, lighting & furniture layout.
๐งConstruction documentation: technical drawings, specifications, schedules for tender/permit.
๐งTender & procurement: select contractors, order long-lead items.
๐งConstruction/fit-out: site supervision, quality control, coordination.
๐งHandover & post-occupancy: snagging, final adjustments, feedback.
๐งDeliverables an interior designer typically produces
Floor plans & furniture layouts
Reflected ceiling plans (lighting/plenum)
โบInterior elevations and detailed joinery drawings
โบFinish and materials schedule
โบFF&E schedule and procurement lists
โบ3D renderings and walkthroughs (for client approval)
โบSamples & mockups (e.g., joinery or feature wall)
โบAs-built drawings after completion
๐How interior design interacts with architecture & construction
โบWith architects: designers follow architectural constraints (structure, openings, MEP routes) and contribute to interior expression and functionality.
โบWith engineers/contractors: designers must coordinate technical requirements (lighting, HVAC, acoustic treatments, fire protection) so interior work is buildable and code-compliant.
โบWith clients & stakeholders: designers translate user needs, brand identity or lifestyle into measurable interior solutions.
๐ฒWhy interior design matters (value)
โบImproves usability and productivity (in offices, schools, hospitals).
โบEnhances marketability and value of property.
โบReduces costly mistakes through early coordination and documentation.
โบImproves comfort, safety and occupant wellbeing (lighting, acoustics, ergonomics).
โบSupports sustainability goals (material choice, energy-efficient lighting, adaptive reuse).
โก๏ธSkills & tools commonly used
โบDesign thinking, ergonomics, color and material knowledge.
Technical drafting and detailing.
โบSoftware: AutoCAD, Revit/Interior Revit, SketchUp, 3ds Max or Blender, Adobe Photoshop/Illustrator, and specification tools.
@etconp
๐6โค3
Project management, procurement and communication skills.
Quick checklist for clients working with an interior designer
Define goals, budget and timeline up front.
Share building drawings, structural/MEP constraints and local code requirements.
Agree deliverables (what drawings, what level of detail).
Decide procurement responsibilities (designer orders vs contractor).
Plan for mockups/samples for critical finishes.
Keep a single point of contact for approvals to avoid delays.
Quick checklist for clients working with an interior designer
Define goals, budget and timeline up front.
Share building drawings, structural/MEP constraints and local code requirements.
Agree deliverables (what drawings, what level of detail).
Decide procurement responsibilities (designer orders vs contractor).
Plan for mockups/samples for critical finishes.
Keep a single point of contact for approvals to avoid delays.
โค2
๐Using plastic threads[แฒแฃแ] for checking leveling can have several drawbacks
๐Some are listed here.
๐ง1. Elasticity and Sagging:
โบPlastic threads stretch under tension, causing inaccurate level measurements.
โบOver long distances, sagging can be significant, leading to false readings.
๐ง2. Temperature Sensitivity:
Plastic expands and contracts with temperature changes, altering tension and alignment during the day.
๐ง3. Wind Movement:
Lightweight threads sway in the wind, making precise alignment difficult.
๐ง4. Lack of Durability:
Threads can easily snap or loosen, especially in high-traffic areas during construction.
๐ง5. No Straight Reference:
โบUnlike fishing lines or steel wires, plastic threads do not stay perfectly straight, leading to cumulative errors across the structure; like slab, column or beam etc.
โบBetter Alternatives:
Use Laser Level instrumentโ Offers the most precise leveling without physical sag.
โบMasonโs Nylon Line (High-Tension) โ More rigid and less stretchable.
@etconp
๐Some are listed here.
๐ง1. Elasticity and Sagging:
โบPlastic threads stretch under tension, causing inaccurate level measurements.
โบOver long distances, sagging can be significant, leading to false readings.
๐ง2. Temperature Sensitivity:
Plastic expands and contracts with temperature changes, altering tension and alignment during the day.
๐ง3. Wind Movement:
Lightweight threads sway in the wind, making precise alignment difficult.
๐ง4. Lack of Durability:
Threads can easily snap or loosen, especially in high-traffic areas during construction.
๐ง5. No Straight Reference:
โบUnlike fishing lines or steel wires, plastic threads do not stay perfectly straight, leading to cumulative errors across the structure; like slab, column or beam etc.
โบBetter Alternatives:
Use Laser Level instrumentโ Offers the most precise leveling without physical sag.
โบMasonโs Nylon Line (High-Tension) โ More rigid and less stretchable.
@etconp
โค7๐1
FDRE-Procurement-Manual-Final-2018-NBGMS-1221-3.pdf
2.9 MB
แจแแฐแซแ แแแแฅแต แแขแ แแฅแจแต แฃแแตแแฃแ แ แปแฝแ แซแแฃแ 192 แแฝ แซแแ แจแแฐแซแ แแแแฅแต แแข แ แแแแ แแแแ
https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
โค4๐2
labsii-lak-157-bara-2002.pdf
31 MB
แจแฆแฎแแซ แญแแ แแฅ แ แแ
แ แฆแฎแแซ แญแแแ แแแแตแต แ แตแซ แแญ แซแแ แจแแฅ แ แแ แ แซแญแแแแฝแแ
https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
แ แฆแฎแแซ แญแแแ แแแแตแต แ แตแซ แแญ แซแแ แจแแฅ แ แแ แ แซแญแแแแฝแแ
https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
โค4