Ethio Construction Engineering
32.3K subscribers
6.25K photos
359 videos
1.99K files
3.27K links
๐Ÿ”จ World Construction Engineering
Latest updates, tips, and tutorials on building, civil engineering, and construction in World.
Learn, build, and grow with us!

๐Ÿ“จ @Philemona7 Or @ETCONpBOT

For Ad:- https://telega.io/c/etconp
Download Telegram
๐Ÿ—๏ธ TYPES OF MORTAR MIX โ€“ WEAK MIX vs IDEAL MIX

Mortar plays an important role in brick masonry construction. It binds bricks together, distributes loads, fills joints and helps provide stability to the wall.

Understanding the correct cement-to-sand ratio and proper masonry workmanship is essential for durable and strong brickwork.

1๏ธโƒฃ Weak Mortar Mix (1:8)

- 1 part cement
- 8 parts sand
- Lower cement content compared with richer mixes.
- May result in inadequate bond and durability if used where a stronger mortar is required.
- Not suitable for every type of masonry application.

2๏ธโƒฃ Commonly Used Mortar Mix (1:4)

- 1 part cement
- 4 parts sand
- Richer cement content than a 1:8 mix.
- Commonly used where stronger mortar is specified.
- Requires proper mixing, water control and curing.

3Characteristics of Good Brick Masonry

โœ… Uniform mortar joints.
โœ… Proper brick bonding and staggered vertical joints.
โœ… Full mortar coverage between bricks.
โœ… Consistent joint thickness.
โœ… Properly aligned and level brickwork.
โœ… Good-quality sand and fresh cement.
โœ… Adequate curing and workmanship.

4๏ธโƒฃ Important Construction Tips

- Use clean, well-graded sand.
- Measure cement and sand accurately by volume.
- Add water gradually to achieve workable consistency.
- Avoid adding excessive water.
- Do not use mortar after it has started setting.
- Follow the project specifications and applicable building standards.

โš ๏ธIMPORTANT ENGINEERING NOTE

A 1:4 mortar mix is not universally the correct mix for all brickwork, and 1:8 is not automatically incorrect. The appropriate mortar proportion depends on the type of masonry, structural requirements, exposure conditions and applicable specifications.

Also, strong brick masonry depends on both mortar quality and proper bonding and workmanship.

๐Ÿ’กRemember: Good mortar + proper bonding + skilled workmanship = Durable brick masonry.

๐Ÿ“Œ Save this post for your next construction project and share it with fellow civil engineers and site professionals.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘4
๐Ÿ”๏ธ๐Ÿ—๏ธแ‹จแ‰ฒแ‰คแ‰ต แŒแ‹™แ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต (Tibet Housing Project)

๐ŸŒŸแ‹•แ‹ตแŒˆแ‰ต แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆต แ‹จแˆ›แˆ…แ‰ แˆจแˆฐแ‰ฅ แ‰ฐแ…แ‹•แŠ–?

๐Ÿ›โ€‹แ‹จแ‰ปแ‹ญแŠ“ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆตแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰ฒแ‰คแ‰ต แ‹จแˆซแˆต แŒˆแ‹ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แ‹ซแŠซแˆ„แ‹ฐแ‹ แŒแ‹™แ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ตแฃ แŠจ2 แˆšแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆˆแˆšแˆ†แŠ‘ แ‹จแ‰ฒแ‰คแ‰ต แŠ แˆญแˆถ แŠ แ‹ฐแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ“ แŠ แˆญแ‰ฅแ‰ถ แŠ แ‹ฐแˆฎแ‰ฝ  แŠ แ‹ณแ‹ฒแˆตแŠ“ แ‹˜แˆ˜แŠ“แ‹Š แˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแŒˆแАแ‰ฃแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ…แ‹ญแ‹ˆแ‰ต แ‹˜แ‹ญแ‰คแ‹ซแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแˆปแˆปแˆˆ แŒˆแˆแŒฟแˆแข

โบโ€‹แ‰ แ‹“แˆˆแˆ แŠ แ‰€แ แ‹ฐแˆจแŒƒ แ‰ตแŠฉแˆจแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹จแˆณแ‰ แ‹ แ‹จแ‹šแˆ… แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต แ‹‹แŠ“ แ‹‹แŠ“ แАแŒฅแ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆแˆˆแ‰ฑ แ‹ˆแŒˆแŠ–แ‰ฝ แŠฅแ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแŠจแ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ แ‰€แˆญแ‰ แ‹‹แˆแฆ

โ€‹๐Ÿ“Œ แ‹จแ‰ปแ‹ญแŠ“ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆตแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ แ‹‹แŠ“ แ‹‹แŠ“ แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฆ

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠซแˆ„แ‹ฐแ‰ แ‰ต แŒŠแ‹œแฆ ยซแŠฎแˆแŽแˆญแ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆ แˆƒแ‹แˆฒแŠ•แŒยป (Comfortable Housing) แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแŠ˜แ‹ แ‹ญแˆ… แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต แŠจ2006 แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 2013 แŠฅ.แŠค.แŠ  แ‹ตแˆจแˆต แ‰ฐแŠจแŠ“แ‹แŠ—แˆแข

โ€ข  โ€‹แ‹จแАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰แŒฅแˆญแŠ“ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ตแฆ แ‹จแŠญแˆแˆ‰ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแ‹ˆแŒฃแ‹ แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒแฃ 2.3 แˆšแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แŠ แˆญแˆถ แŠ แ‹ฐแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ“ แŠฅแˆจแŠžแ‰ฝ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆถแ‰น แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹จแŒˆแ‰ก แˆฒแˆ†แŠ•แฃ แˆˆแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ 27.35 แ‰ขแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‹ฉแ‹‹แŠ• (RMB) แ‹ˆแŒช แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ“แˆแข

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แˆ›แˆปแˆปแ‹ซแฆ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆถแ‰น แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠจแŠ แ‹ฐแŒ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ แ‰ (Safe Structures) แŠจแˆ˜แˆ†แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แˆ แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแˆžแ‰…แ‰ณ/แ‹จแˆ›แˆžแ‰‚แ‹ซ (Heating)แฃ แ‹จแ‰งแŠ•แ‰ง แŠ•แŒนแˆ… แ‹แˆƒ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŠคแˆŒแŠญแ‰ตแˆชแŠญ แˆ˜แ‰ฅแˆซแ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆญแ‰ฆแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆŸแˆ‹แˆ‹แ‰ธแ‹ แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แข

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆตแ‰ต แŠฅแ‹ญแ‰ณแฆ แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ แ‰ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰น แแ‰ƒแ‹ฐแŠแАแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ฐ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆ†แАแŠ“ แˆ›แˆ…แ‰ แˆจแˆฐแ‰ก แ‰ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆถแ‰น แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹ฐแˆตแ‰ฐแŠ› แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘แŠ• แ‹ญแŒˆแˆแŒปแˆแข

โ€‹๐Ÿ“Œ แ‹จแˆฐแ‰ฅแŠ แ‹Š แˆ˜แ‰ฅแ‰ต แ‰ฐแˆŸแŒ‹แ‰พแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แˆŒแˆ‹แŠ›แ‹ แŠฅแ‹ญแ‰ณแฆ

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแŒˆแŠ•แ‹˜แ‰ฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆแˆญแŒซ แ‰ฐแ…แ‹•แŠ–แฆ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ ยซHuman Rights Watchยป แ‹ซแˆ‰ แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆ›แ‰ต แˆชแ–แˆญแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆ‰แ‰ตแฃ แ‰ฅแ‹™แ‹Žแ‰น แ‰คแ‰ฐแˆฐแ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แˆˆแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹ˆแˆฐแА แ‹ˆแŒช แ‰ แˆซแˆณแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆธแแŠ‘ แ‰ แˆ˜แ‹ฐแˆจแŒ‹แ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แˆ›แˆซแŒญ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ›แŒแŠ˜แ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ฐแ…แ‹•แŠ– แŠ แˆญแŽแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹‹แˆแข

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแ‰ฃแˆ…แˆ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŠ แŠ—แŠ—แˆญ แˆตแŒ‹แ‰ตแฆ แ‹จแ‰ณแˆฐแ‰ แ‹ แ‹จแŠซแˆณ แŠญแแ‹ซ แŠ แАแˆตแ‰ฐแŠ› แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แŒฅแŠ•แ‰ณแ‹Šแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฒแ‰คแ‰ณแ‹แ‹ซแŠ• แ‹˜แ‹‹แˆช แŠ แŠ—แŠ—แˆญแŠ“ แ‰ฃแˆ…แˆ (Traditional Lifestyle) แŠ แ‹ฐแŒ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆŠแ‹ˆแ‹ตแ‰… แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆ แ‹จแˆšแˆ แˆตแŒ‹แ‰ต แ‰ฐแАแˆตแ‰ทแˆแข

โ€ข โ€‹แ‹จแˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆซแˆฝแАแ‰ตแฆ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‰ฒแ‰คแ‰ต แŠญแˆแˆ แŒˆแ‰ฅแ‰ถ แАแƒ แแ‰ฐแˆป (Independent Verification) แˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แŠ แˆตแ‰ธแŒ‹แˆช แ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‰ แˆแˆˆแ‰ฑแˆ แ‰ แŠฉแˆ แ‹ซแˆ‰แ‰ตแŠ• แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆ™แˆ‰ แ‰ แˆ™แˆ‰ แˆˆแˆ›แˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒฅ แŠ แˆแŠ•แˆ แˆแ‰ณแŠ แˆ†แŠ—แˆแข

โ€‹๐Ÿ’ก แ‹จแˆ˜แ‹ˆแ‹ซแ‹ซ แŒฅแ‹ซแ‰„ แˆˆแ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ™แ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ“ แ‰ฐแŠจแ‰ณแ‹ฎแ‰ปแ‰ฝแŠ•แฆ

"แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‹šแˆ… แ‹“แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แŒแ‹™แ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆตแ‰ต แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ตแŠ“ แ‹˜แˆ˜แŠ“แ‹ŠแАแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹ญแ‹˜แ‹ แˆฒแˆ˜แŒกแฃ แ‹จแˆ›แˆ…แ‰ แˆจแˆฐแ‰กแŠ• แŒฅแŠ•แ‰ณแ‹Š แ‰ฃแˆ…แˆแŠ“ แŠ แŠ—แŠ—แˆญ แŒ แ‰ฅแ‰† แˆˆแˆ›แˆตแŠฌแ‹ต แ‰ แŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ•แŠ“ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แˆ›แˆแˆ›แ‰ต (Urban Planning) แ‹˜แˆญแ แˆแŠ• แˆ˜แ‹ฐแˆจแŒ แŠ แˆˆแ‰ แ‰ต แ‹ญแˆ‹แˆ‰? แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹จแ‰ตแ‹ŽแŠ• แ‹ซแŒ‹แˆฉแŠ•!"

@etconp
โค4๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ’ง WATERPROOFING IN CONSTRUCTION โ€” PREVENTING WATER INGRESS
Waterproofing is the use of materials and systems designed to prevent unwanted water penetration into building elements or occupied spaces.
It is especially important in areas exposed to rain, groundwater, or frequent wetting.
๐Ÿ”น Common Applications
๐Ÿ  Roofs and terraces.
๐Ÿšฟ Bathrooms and wet areas.
๐Ÿ—๏ธ Basements and retaining structures.
๐Ÿงฑ Foundations.
๐Ÿ’ง Water tanks and other water-containing structures.
๐Ÿ”น Common Waterproofing Systems
Sheet membranes.
Liquid-applied membranes.
Cementitious waterproofing systems.
Other systems specified for the particular application.
๐Ÿ”น Important Installation Considerations
โœ… Surface preparation.
โœ… Correct application thickness or membrane overlap.
โœ… Treatment of corners and penetrations.
โœ… Drainage and falls where required.
โœ… Protection of the completed system.
โœ… Required inspection and testing.
๐Ÿ“Œ Waterproofing failures often occur at joints, penetrations, transitions, or poorly prepared surfaces.
โš ๏ธ Follow the approved design and manufacturer's installation instructions.


@etconp
โค1๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿš€ แˆˆแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ™แ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹ตแŠ•แ‰… แ‹ฒแŒ‚แ‰ณแˆ แ“แŠฌแŒ…

๐Ÿ“˜ Construction Contract Management Kit

๐Ÿ—žแŠจ25+ แ‹จWord แ‰ดแˆแ•แˆŒแ‰ถแ‰ฝแฃ Excel Management Systemแฃ Claimsแฃ EOTแฃ Variationsแฃ RFI แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹แŒแŒ แ‹จแˆแˆณแˆŒ แˆฐแАแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แŒ‹แˆญ๐ŸคŽ

๐ŸŒŸแ‹จแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แˆฅแˆซแ‹ŽแŠ• แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆปแˆˆ แˆตแˆญแ‹“แ‰ต แˆˆแˆ˜แˆแˆซแ‰ตแค แŒŠแ‹œแ‹ŽแŠ• แˆˆแˆ˜แ‰†แŒ แ‰ฅแค แˆฐแАแ‹ถแ‰ฝแ‹ŽแŠ• แ‰ แˆ™แ‹ซแ‹ŠแАแ‰ต แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ฐแˆซแŒ€แ‰ต แŠจแ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แˆŠแŠ•แŠญ แ‹แ‹ญแˆŽแ‰น แ‹ซแ‹แˆญแ‹ฑแ‰ต๐Ÿ‘‡

https://ye-buna.com/etconp?ref=product_detail&product=6aeac04f60101_etconp
โค1๐Ÿ‘1
๐ŸŒก๏ธ THERMAL INSULATION IN BUILDINGS โ€” WHY DOES IT MATTER?

Thermal insulation reduces the rate of heat transfer through building elements such as roofs, walls, and floors.
Appropriate insulation can improve indoor comfort and reduce the energy needed for heating or cooling.

๐Ÿ”น Common Insulation Materials
Mineral wool.

Expanded or extruded polystyrene.

Polyurethane-based insulation products.

Other approved insulation systems suitable for the application.

๐Ÿ”น Where Is Insulation Used?

๐Ÿ  Roofs and ceilings.
๐Ÿงฑ External walls.
๐Ÿข Building envelopes.
โ„๏ธ Refrigerated spaces and specialized facilities.

๐Ÿ”น What Should Be Considered?

๐Ÿ“Œ Thermal performance.
๐Ÿ“Œ Moisture control.
๐Ÿ“Œ Fire performance.
๐Ÿ“Œ Durability.
๐Ÿ“Œ Compatibility with the building envelope.
๐Ÿ“Œ Local climate and energy requirements.

โš ๏ธ Insulation should be selected and installed as part of a properly designed building system.

Moisture and fire-safety requirements must not be overlooked.

@etconp
โค3
๐Ÿ‘‰แŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แˆ›แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แ‰ต แŠ แˆฐแˆแ‰ฝแ‰ถแ‹Žแ‰ณแˆ?

๐Ÿ“‘แ‹จแŒจแˆจแ‰ณ แˆฐแАแ‹ต แˆ›แ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แ‰ตแฅ แŠ แˆแŠ• แŠจแ‰ แŠแ‰ฑ แ‹ญแ‰ แˆแŒฅ แ‰€แˆ‹แˆ แŠฅแŠ“ แˆแŒฃแŠ• แˆ†แА

๐ŸŒŸโ€‹แ‹จแŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซแŠ• PPA 2025 Standard Bidding Document แˆ˜แˆตแˆแˆญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ต แŠ แ‹ตแˆญแŒŽ แ‰ แŠคแŠญแˆดแˆ (Excel) แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€แ‹ แ‹˜แˆ˜แŠ“แ‹Šแ‹ TENDER PREPARATION SUITE แŠจแ‹šแˆ… แ‰ แ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แˆŠแŠ•แŠญ แŠ แ‹แˆญแ‹ฐแ‹ แ‹ญแŒ แ‰€แˆ™ แ‰ แˆตแˆ…แ‰ฐแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ˜แˆŸแˆ‹แ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแˆจแ‹™ แˆฐแАแ‹ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‹ซแˆตแ‰€แˆฉ๐Ÿ‘‡

https://ye-buna.com/etconp?ref=product_detail&product=6ab1114dcd55e_etconp
โค1๐Ÿ‘Œ1
๐Ÿšจ๐Ÿ—๏ธ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆ›แ‹แˆฐแˆป แˆฒแˆตแ‰ฐแˆ แˆฒแˆฐแˆซ แŠฅแАแ‹šแˆ…แŠ• แˆแˆˆแ‰ต แ‹˜แ‹ดแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆ›แ‹ˆแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แ‰ฝแˆˆแ‹‹แˆ?

๐ŸŒŸแ‰ แˆแˆตแˆ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ A แŠฅแŠ“ B แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰€แˆ˜แŒกแ‰ต แˆแˆˆแ‰ต แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆ›แ‹แˆฐแˆป แŠ แ‰€แˆ›แˆ˜แŒฆแ‰ฝ แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แข

๐Ÿšฅแˆแ‹ฉแАแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ตแŠ•แˆฝ แ‰ขแˆ˜แˆตแˆแˆ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒแ‰ฃแˆญ แŒแŠ• แ‰ตแˆแ‰… แ‹จแ‰ดแŠญแŠ’แŠญ แˆแ‹ฉแАแ‰ต แŠ แˆ‹แ‰ธแ‹แข

๐Ÿ”น A โ€“ P-Trap System: แ‹จแ‰ณแŒ แˆ แ‹จแ‰งแŠ•แ‰ง แŠญแแˆ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แ‹แˆƒ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแ‰€แˆญ แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‹แˆแข แ‹ญแˆ…แˆ แŠจแแˆณแˆฝ แˆ˜แˆตแˆ˜แˆญ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แŒก แˆ˜แŒฅแŽ แˆฝแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ“ แŒ‹แ‹žแ‰ฝ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แˆ˜แ‰ณแŒ แ‰ขแ‹ซ แŠญแแˆ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแ‹ญแŒˆแ‰ก แ‹ญแŠจแˆ‹แŠจแˆ‹แˆแข

๐Ÿ”น B โ€“ แ‰€แŒฅแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹จแแˆณแˆฝ แŒแŠ•แŠ™แАแ‰ต: แ‰ แˆแˆตแˆ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแ‰ณแ‹จแ‹ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆ˜แ‰†แ‹ซ แŠญแแˆ (Water Seal) แˆณแ‹ญแŠ–แˆจแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ซแ‹˜ แАแ‹แข แ‹ญแˆ… แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แŠ แ‰€แˆ›แˆ˜แŒฅ แ‹จแแˆณแˆฝ แˆฝแ‰ณแŠ“ แŒ‹แ‹ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแŒˆแ‰ฃ แˆŠแ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆแข

๐Ÿ’ก แ‹จแˆแˆ…แŠ•แ‹ตแˆตแŠ“ แ‰ตแˆแˆ…แˆญแ‰ต: แ‰ แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ตแŠ•แˆฝ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆตแˆ แ‹จแ‰งแŠ•แ‰ง แŠ แ‰€แˆ›แˆ˜แŒฅ แˆตแˆ…แ‰ฐแ‰ต แŠจแŒŠแ‹œ แ‰ แŠ‹แˆ‹ แ‹จแˆฝแ‰ณแฃ แ‹จแŒคแŠ“แŠ“ แ‹จแŠ‘แˆฎ แˆแ‰พแ‰ต แ‰ฝแŒแˆญ แˆŠแˆแŒฅแˆญ แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆแข

๐Ÿ’ฌ แŠฅแˆญแˆตแ‹Ž แ‰ขแˆ†แŠ‘ แŠจA แŠฅแŠ“ B แ‹จแ‰ตแŠ›แ‹แŠ• แ‹จแ‰งแŠ•แ‰ง แŠ แ‰€แˆ›แˆ˜แŒฅ แ‹ญแˆ˜แˆญแŒฃแˆ‰? แˆˆแˆแŠ•?

โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ”โ€‹โ€‹
๐ŸŒแˆˆแ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆช แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แŠฅแŠ“ แˆŒแˆŽแ‰ฝ แ‹จแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แ‹˜แˆญแ แ‹œแŠ“แ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹จ YouTube แŒˆแƒแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠจแ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แˆŠแŠ•แŠญ แ‰ แˆ˜แŒแ‰ฃแ‰ต SubScribe แŠ แˆญแŒˆแ‹ แ‰คแ‰ฐแˆฐแ‰ฅ แ‹ญแˆแŠ‘๐Ÿ‘‡

https://youtube.com/@ethiopianconstruction7?si=ils307xXQQpIdCwG
‎
‎@etconp
โค5๐Ÿ‘2
๐Ÿ‘‰แˆแˆญแŒฅ G+3 Mixed Use แˆ™แˆ‰ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‰€ Auto Cad แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แŠจแˆแˆˆแŒ‰ แŠจแ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แˆŠแŠ•แŠญ แ‹ซแ‹แˆญแ‹ฑแ‰ต ๐Ÿ‘‡

https://ye-buna.com/etconp?ref=product_detail&product=6a800dc4e3574_etconp
๐Ÿฅฐ1