Ethio Construction Engineering
32.3K subscribers
6.27K photos
359 videos
1.99K files
3.31K links
๐Ÿ”จ World Construction Engineering
Latest updates, tips, and tutorials on building, civil engineering, and construction in World.
Learn, build, and grow with us!

๐Ÿ“จ @Philemona7 Or @ETCONpBOT

For Ad:- https://telega.io/c/etconp
Download Telegram
๐Ÿ‘‰Advantages of using mineral admixture in cement

๐ŸšงFly ash

-Improves strength and durability of concrete
-Increased resistance towards chemical attacks
-Better workability

๐ŸšงBlast furnace slag

-Improved durability
Increased setting time
-Strength gain continues for a long period of time
-Reduced risk of damages by alkali โ€“ silica reaction
-Resistant to chloride and sulphate attacks

๐ŸšงSilica fumes

-Better compressive strength and resistance to abrasion
-Reduced permeability of chloride ions
-Improved workability
-Reduces bleeding

๐ŸšงRice husky ash

-Heat of hydration of concrete is reduced
-Permeability of concrete is reduced
-Improved resistance to chloride and sulphate attacks

๐ŸšงMetakaolin

-Increased compressive & flexural strengths
-Reduced permeability
-More resistant to chemical attacks
-Durability is increased

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘8๐Ÿ™1
แ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜ แŠญแแ‹ซ แˆ˜แ‰ผ แˆ˜แˆˆแ‰€แ‰… แŠ แˆˆแ‰ แ‰ต?


๐Ÿทแ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆ›แˆตแŒ€แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜ แŠญแแ‹ซ (Advance Payment) แˆˆแ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฉ แˆˆแˆ˜แˆแ‰€แ‰… แŠ แˆ แˆชแ‹ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜แŠญแแ‹ซ แ‹‹แˆตแ‰ตแŠ“ (Advance Payment bond) แˆ˜แ‹ซแ‹ แŠ แˆˆแ‰ แ‰ตแข

โ–ถ๏ธแАแŒˆแˆญ แŒแŠ• แˆแŠ•แˆ แŠฅแŠ•แŠณแŠ• แˆ›แˆตแ‹ซแ‹ฃ แ‰ขแ‰€แ‰ แˆแˆ แˆˆแ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฉ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแˆ›แˆตแˆจแŠจแ‰ฅ แˆฅแˆซ  (site handover) แˆณแ‹ญแˆแŒฝแˆ แ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜ แŠญแแ‹ซ แŠจแˆˆแ‰€แ‰€ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฉ แŠ แŠซแˆ แˆŠแŠซแ‹ต แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆแข

โบแ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘แˆ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แˆญแŠญแŠญแ‰ฅ แˆณแ‹ญแˆแŒธแˆ แ‰…แ‹ตแˆ˜ แŠญแแ‹ซ แˆ˜แˆแ‰€แ‰… แŠ แ‹ญแŒˆแ‰ฃแˆแข

๐Ÿšงแ‹จ แแ‰ณแ‰ฅแˆ”แˆญ แˆ…แŒ‰แˆ "แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฉ แŠ แˆ แˆชแ‹ แŠฅแ‹ซแ‹ˆแ‰€ แˆฅแˆซแ‹แŠ• แŠจแŒ€แˆ˜แˆจ แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆ แŠ แˆตแ‰€แ‹ตแˆž (แˆฅแˆซแ‹แŠ• แ‰ฃแ‹ญแŒ€แˆแˆญแˆ) แŠจแ‹‹แŒ‹แ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆ›แˆตแŒ€แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ (แŠ แ‹ตแ‰ซแŠ•แˆต) แŠจแ‰ฐแ‰€แ‰ แˆˆ แ‹แˆ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠ–แˆฉ แ‰ แ‰‚ แˆ›แˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒซ แ‹ญแˆ†แŠ“แˆ" แ‰ แˆ›แˆˆแ‰ต แ‰ แแ‰ตแˆ แ‰ฅแˆ”แˆญ แ‰แŒฅแˆญ 3020 (2)แˆแˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹ฐแŠ•แŒแŒ“แˆแข

โบแ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘แˆ แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹แŠ• แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆซแŒฉ แ‰ แŒแˆแŒฝ แ‰ฐแˆจแŠญแ‰ฆ แ‹จแˆšแŠจแˆแˆ แ‹จแˆ›แˆตแŒ€แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ แŠญแแ‹ซ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆ•แŒ‹แ‹Š แ‹แˆ แ‹ญแ‰†แŒ แˆซแˆแข

โ–ถ๏ธแ‰ แ‹šแˆ… แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แŠฅแˆตแŠซแˆแŠ• แ‹ตแˆจแˆต แ‰ แŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซ แŒแ‹ฐแˆซแˆ แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แแˆญแ‹ต แ‰คแ‰ต แ‰ฅแ‰ป แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ 18 แ‹จแˆšแ‹ฐแˆญแˆฑ แŠญแˆถแ‰ฝ แ‰€แˆญแ‰ แ‹ แ‰ณแ‹ญแ‰ฐแ‹‹แˆแข

#ConstructionLaw

โ‡๏ธแˆˆแˆ›แŠ•แŠ›แ‹แˆ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹จแ‰ตแ‹Ž  แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ€แˆณแ‰ฅแ‹Ž แ‹ญแŒปแ‰แˆแŠ•!

๐ŸŒŸแˆŒแˆ‹แŠ›แ‹ แ‹จ แˆตแˆซ แ‰…แŒฅแˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แŒจแˆจแ‰ณแ‰ฝ แˆšแ‹ˆแŒกแ‰ แ‰ต แ‰ปแŠ“แˆ แŠจแ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แˆŠแŠ•แŠญ แˆˆแˆ˜แ‰€แˆ‹แ‰€แˆ @ETCONpWORK แ‹ญแŒแ‰ก

๐Ÿ“ฉแˆŠแŒฝแ‰แˆแŠ• แŠซแˆฐแ‰ก @ETCONpBOT

๐Ÿ’ซแ‰ฒแŠญแ‰ถแŠญ:๐Ÿ‘‡

www.tiktok.com/@etconp7

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘10โค3
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ต แŠฅแ‹ตแˆณแ‰ต แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แˆˆแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆแ‰ƒแ‹ต แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 100 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แŒ‰แ‰ฆ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แ‹จแ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆ†แА แ‹จแˆˆแˆš แŠฉแˆซ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒˆแˆฉ

๐Ÿšงแ‰ แˆˆแˆš แŠฉแˆซ แŠญแแˆˆ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹ฉ แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แ‹จแˆšแŒˆแŠ™ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰คแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆ แ‹จแŠ•แŒแ‹ต แˆฑแ‰†แ‰ปแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ฐแˆต แˆแˆแŒˆแ‹ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆแ‰ƒแ‹ต แˆฒแŒ แ‹ญแ‰ แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 100 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แŒ‰แ‰ฆ แŠ แˆแŒก แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰ฃแˆ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆ†แА แˆˆแˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ต แˆšแ‹ตแ‹ซ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒแˆจแ‹‹แˆแข

โ‡๏ธ"แŠฅแŠ” แˆˆแˆแˆณแˆŒ แˆฐแˆšแ‰ต แแ‹จแˆ แ‰คแ‰ต แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‹แˆช แАแŠแฃ แ‹จแŠ•แŒแ‹ต แ‰คแ‰ดแŠ• แ‰ตแŠ•แˆฝ แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ฐแˆต แˆแ‰ƒแ‹ต แŒ แ‹ญแ‰„ 80 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แˆตแŒ แŠ• แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแ‹ซแˆˆแˆ" แ‹ซแˆ‰ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แŒฅแ‰†แˆ› แˆฐแŒช แ‹ญแˆ…แˆ แ‹ซแˆˆแˆแŠ•แˆ แˆ€แแˆจแ‰ต แ‰ แŒแˆแ… แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแ‹ฐแˆจแŒ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒแˆจแ‹‹แˆแข

โบแ‹จแŠญแแˆˆ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ›แ‹ แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณ 10 แАแ‹‹แˆช แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แŠจแ‹šแˆ…แˆ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆช แ‹ญแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‰ขแŠจแˆแˆ แŠฅแŠ•แŠณแŠ• แ‹ฐแŠ•แ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แŠจ3 แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 4 แˆ†แАแ‹ แ‰ แ‰กแ‹ตแŠ• แ‰ แˆ˜แˆแŒฃแ‰ต แˆˆแŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แˆฐแ‹ แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 10 แˆบแˆ… แ‰ฅแˆญ แŠ แˆแŒก แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆ‰ แ‰ แˆแˆฌแ‰ต แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒแˆจแ‹‹แˆแข

โบ"แˆ˜แˆตแˆซแ‰ตแˆแฃ แŠ แˆˆแˆ˜แˆตแˆซแ‰ตแˆ แŠ แˆ›แˆซแŒญ แŠฅแ‹จแˆ†แА แŠฅแ‹จแˆ†แА แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ แ‹จแˆ…แ‹แ‰ฅ แŠ แŒˆแˆแŒ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰€แˆ˜แŒก แˆฐแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹ญแˆ…แŠ• แ‹ซแˆ…แˆ แŒˆแŠ•แ‹˜แ‰ฅ แŠจแŒ‰แ‰ฆ แ‰ฐแ‰€แ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹ แŠซแˆˆ แˆแŠ•แˆ แˆ€แแˆจแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰€แŒฅแ‰ณ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‰ฃแŠ•แŠญ แŠ แŠซแ‹แŠ•แ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹ แˆฒแ‹ซแˆตแŒˆแ‰ก แˆ›แ‹จแ‰ต แ‹ซแˆณแ‹แŠ“แˆ" แ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹จแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแˆฐแŒกแŠ• แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ‹จแˆฐแˆšแ‰ต แŠ–แŠญ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‹แˆช แ‹จแˆ†แŠ‘ แАแ‹‹แˆช แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แข

Via Meseret Media

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘6๐Ÿ˜ข6
๐Ÿ‘‰Preparation Process of the Variation Orders

๐ŸšงVariation orders can be either requested by the contractor or issued by the client. Processes followed in these cases slightly differ from each other.

๐ŸทIf the variation order is requested by the contractor:

1. The contractor prepares a variation order request form and submits it to the client.

2. Variation order request is reviewed and evaluated by the client and if it is found necessary the request is approved.

3. After the approval of the request for variation order, the proposed document is discussed between the client and the contractor including the effect of the variations on time and cost.

4. Upon agreement, final version of the signed variation order including the scheduling and cost breakdown is submitted to the client by the contractor.

5. Client accepts and signs the variation order and the work described in the variation order may start.

๐Ÿ’ซif the variation order is issued by the client:

1. The need for a variation is determined by the client and the variation order proposal is initiated.

2. Initiator variation order is prepared and submitted to the contractor.

3. Proposed variation order is evaluated by the contractor.

4. After the review of the contractor, the proposed document is discussed between the client and the contractor including the effect of the variations on time and cost.

5 .Upon agreement, final version of the signed variation order including the scheduling and cost breakdown is submitted to the client by the contractor.

6. Client accepts and signs the variation order and the work described in the variation order may start.

โญ๏ธIt must be noted that if by any reason the variation is deemed unnecessary for the client, then the client has the right to deny the variation order.
@etconp
โค6๐Ÿ‘5
๐Ÿ‘‰แŠจแŒ‹แŠ•แ‰คแˆ‹ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ˆแˆตแ‹ฐแ‹ แ‹จแŠ แˆตแ‹แˆแ‰ต แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แ‰ แ‰กแŠ– แ‰ แ‹ฐแˆŒ แ‹žแŠ• แ‹ฐแ‹ดแˆณ แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแฃ แˆ›แˆณแˆซ แ‰€แ‰ แˆŒ แ‹จแˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แˆ˜แŠ•แˆธแˆซแˆจแ‰ต แ‰ แˆ›แŒ‹แŒ แˆ™ แŠ แˆตแ“แˆแ‰ฑ แ‰ฐแ‰†แˆญแŒงแˆ::

๐Ÿšงแ‰ แ‹šแˆ…แˆ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ตแˆซแŠแŠญ แŠฅแŠ•แ‰…แˆตแ‰ƒแˆด แˆ˜แ‰‹แˆจแŒกแŠ• แŠฆแ‰ขแŠคแŠ• แ‹˜แŒแ‰งแˆแข

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘10โค1
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‹จแ‰ปแ‹ญแŠ“แ‹ First Highway Engineering Company (CFHEC) แˆˆ102 แ‹ˆแŒฃแ‰ต แŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซแ‹แ‹ซแŠ• แ‹จแŠ แ‰…แˆ แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“ แˆ˜แˆตแŒ แ‰ต แŒ€แˆแˆฏแˆแข

๐Ÿšงแ‹จแŒแ‹™แ‰ CCCC แŠฉแ‰ฃแŠ•แ‹ซ แŠฅแˆ…แ‰ต แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆ แ‹จแˆ†แАแ‹ CFHECแค แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“แ‹แŠ• แˆˆแŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹ˆแˆญ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแŒฅ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ•แค แˆฐแˆแŒฃแŠžแ‰น แŠจCCCC แ‹จแŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซ แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต แˆณแ‹ญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆจแŒก แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ฐแŒˆแˆแŒฟแˆแข

๐Ÿ’ซแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณแฃ แˆฐแˆญแ‰ฌแ‹ชแŠ•แŒแฃ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‰แˆณแ‰แˆต แแ‰ฐแˆป แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ปแ‹ญแŠ•แŠ› แ‰‹แŠ•แ‰‹ แ‰ แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“แ‹ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠซแ‰ฐแ‰ฑ แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ฎแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆ‹แŠญแ‰ทแˆแข

๐ŸทSeagull Talent Nurturing Project แ‰ แˆšแˆ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแŒ แ‹ แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“แค แ‰ แ‰ดแŠญแŠ’แŠญแŠ“ แˆ™แ‹ซ แˆตแˆแŒ แŠ“ แŠขแŠ•แˆตแ‰ฒแ‰ตแ‹ฉแ‰ตแฃ แ‰ แˆ‰แ‰ฃแŠ• แ‹ˆแˆญแŠญแˆพแ• แ‰ แŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰  CFHEC แ‰ แŒ‹แˆซ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€ แАแ‹แข

Via Xinhua

@etconp
โค19๐Ÿ‘4
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‹แˆ แˆฐแАแ‹ต แ‰ แŒแˆแŒฝ แˆ›แˆตแ‰€แˆ˜แŒฅ แ‹ซแˆˆแ‰ แ‰ต แАแŒฅแ‰ฆแ‰ฝ:-

๐Ÿ“œแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ• แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆฎแ‰ฝ:

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ตแˆญแˆป แŠ แŠซแˆ‹แ‰ตแŠ• แ‹ตแˆญแˆปแฃ แˆ˜แ‰ฅแ‰ตแŠ“ แŒแ‹ดแ‰ณแฃ

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแˆšแŒ แ‰ แ‰€แ‹แŠ• แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŒฅแˆซแ‰ต แ‹จแˆšแŒˆแˆแŒน แ‰ตแŠ•แ‰ณแŠ”แ‹Žแ‰ฝแฃ

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ฃแ‰‚ แ‹จแŒŠแ‹œ แˆฐแˆŒแ‹ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฃ

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‹‹แŒ‹ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แŠจแ‹แˆแˆ แˆแŠ”แ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฃ

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ‹ฐแˆ…แŠ•แАแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŒคแŠ“ แŠ แŒ แ‰ฃแ‰ แ‰…แฃ แˆ˜แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฃ

โ–ถ๏ธแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆˆแŠจแ‰ฑ แ‹จแˆ•แŒ แˆ›แŠฅแ‰€แŽแ‰ฝ

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ตแˆญแˆป แŠ แŠซแˆ‹แ‰ตแŠ• แŠแˆญแˆ› แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ›แŠ…แ‰ฐแˆ

โ–ถ๏ธแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ แ‹จแˆšแˆแˆแŒˆแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแˆฐแ‹ แŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แ‰ฅแ‰ƒแ‰ตแŠ“ แ‰ฅแ‹›แ‰ต

โ–ถ๏ธแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑ แ‹จแˆšแˆแˆแŒˆแ‹ แˆ›แˆบแАแˆช แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ตแŠ“ แ‰ฅแ‹›แ‰ต

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแŠฅแ‹ซแŠ•แ‹ณแŠ•แ‹ฑแŠ• แ‹จแˆฅแˆซ แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆญแŠ“ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆตแАแ‹˜แ‹ด

โ–ถ๏ธแ‹จแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ตแˆญแˆป แŠ แŠซแˆ‹แ‰ต แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆญ แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ

โ‡๏ธแŠ แŠ•แ‹ต แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‹แˆ แˆฐแАแ‹ต แŠฅแАแ‹šแˆ… แŠจแˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แ‰€แˆฑแ‰ตแŠ• แ‹‹แŠ“ แ‹‹แŠ“ แŒญแ‰ฅแŒฅ แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ฎแ‰ฝ แ‰ แŒแˆแŒฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แ‹แˆญแ‹แˆญ แˆ›แˆตแ‰€แˆ˜แŒฅ แ‹ญแŠ–แˆญแ‰ แ‰ณแˆแข

๐Ÿ’ซแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹ˆแˆณแˆฐแ‰ แฃ แ‹ซแˆแ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆซแˆซ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠฅแˆญแˆต แ‰ แŠฅแˆญแˆฑ แ‹จแˆšแŒ‹แŒญ แˆ€แˆณแ‰ฅ แ‰ขแŠ–แˆญแ‰ แ‰ต แŒแŠ• แ‰ แˆšแŠ–แˆจแ‹ แ‹จแแˆญแ‹ต แ‰คแ‰ต แŠญแˆญแŠญแˆญ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ตแˆญแˆป แŠ แŠซแˆ‹แ‰ตแŠ• แ‰ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒ แˆ แŠ แˆแ‹ซแˆ แ‰ แŒ‹แˆซ แŠชแˆณแˆซ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆŠแŒฅแˆ แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆแข

๐Ÿšงแ‹ญแˆ… แˆแŠ”แ‰ณ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ฑแŠ• แ‰ แŒคแŠ“แˆ› แŒแŠ•แŠแАแ‰ต แˆˆแˆ˜แˆแŒธแˆ แŠฅแŠญแˆ แˆŠแˆแŒฅแˆญ แˆตแˆˆแˆšแ‰ฝแˆ แˆˆแŒฅแˆซแ‰ต แ‰ฝแŒแˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แˆˆแŒŠแ‹œ แ‰ฅแŠญแАแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแŒ‹แˆˆแŒฅ แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒˆแ‹‹แˆแข 


@etconp
โค6๐Ÿ‘5๐Ÿ†1
๐Ÿ‘‰๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’”๐’•๐’“๐’–๐’„๐’•๐’Š๐’๐’ ๐‘ช๐’๐’๐’•๐’“๐’‚๐’„๐’• ๐‘ช๐’๐’‚๐’Š๐’Ž๐’” & ๐‘ซ๐’Š๐’”๐’‘๐’–๐’•๐’†๐’”

(๐‘ช๐’๐’‚๐’Š๐’Ž ๐‘ญ๐’๐’“๐’Ž๐’Š๐’๐’ˆ)

๐ŸšงThere are a variety of ways to prepare a claim, No format will be best in every instance.

โ–ถ๏ธOverall claim presentation goal to provide owner with sufficient facts to support entitlement & additional compensation requested.

โบRecommendation to pay additional compensation &/or grant EOT by owner will be closely scrutinized by others.

โ€ข๐„๐ฑ๐ž๐œ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ž ๐’๐ฎ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐š๐ซ๐ฒ

Claim overview, issue involved, ground of entitlement, time & money involved.

Reader should have a basic understanding by reading summary without reading claim body.

Summary shall leave reader with impression that if what contractor presents is correct & entitled to adjustment in contract price.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ˆ

๐ˆ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฎ๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง

Provide reader with a general background sufficient enough to mentally prepare him to understand & accept presentation that is to follow.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ˆ๐ˆ

๐‚๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐š๐œ๐ญ ๐‘๐ž๐ฉ๐ซ๐ž๐ฌ๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ

Establish ownerโ€™s express & implied contract representation relied upon by contractor in preparing its bid & plan to perform work. It also establish baseline foundation from which all differences are measured.

If contractor is unable to establish basic contract representation upon which it relied, there is no valid claim.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ˆ๐ˆ๐ˆ

๐‚๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐š๐œ๐ญ๐จ๐ซโ€™๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐š๐ง

Demonstrate reliance on contract representation & establish reasonable contractorโ€™s anticipated means & method, schedule & cost estimate

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ˆ๐•

๐€๐œ๐ญ๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ

Demonstrate how actual condition encountered in constructing project differed materially from ownerโ€™s express & implied representation.

โ€ข๐‚๐ฅ๐š๐ข๐ฆ ๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐•

๐ˆ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐š๐œ๐ญ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐€๐œ๐ญ๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ

Describes how events encountered affected, impacted, disrupted &/or changed contractorโ€™s plan to construct project.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐•๐ˆ

๐‹๐ž๐ ๐š๐ฅ ๐„๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐ญ๐ฅ๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง๐ญ

Designed to convince reader that contractor has a right under contract or law to recover additional compensation &/or receive a time extension as a result of actual condition encountered.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐•๐ˆ๐ˆ

๐๐ฎ๐š๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐Ÿ๐ข๐œ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐‚๐ฅ๐š๐ข๐ฆ

Specify cost & time requested & demonstrate proof necessary to show that claimed event caused contractor to incur additional cost &/or time.
If preceding section of claim were well presented & showed that contractor is entitled to claim additional time &/or money for a particular event, it nevertheless must prove it incurred additional cost &/or time as a result of event in order to recover.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐•๐ˆ๐ˆ๐ˆ

๐…๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐š๐ฅ ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ญ๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง๐ญ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐‚๐ฅ๐š๐ข๐ฆ

Formally request to be put in same position that contractor would have been in but for the issue at hand.

โ€ข๐’๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ˆ๐—

๐€๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ž๐ง๐๐ข๐ฑ

Present detailed evidence to support statement made in claim body.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘17โค2
๐Ÿ‘‰Lets see About Dampness

โ‡๏ธDampness in buildings, as shown in the image, is typically caused by moisture ingress due to various factors, Water from the ground can rise through the porous structure of walls, especially in the absence of an effective damp-proof course (DPC), Inadequate ventilation and temperature differences inside the building can cause moisture from the air to condense on cooler surfaces, leading to damp patches.

๐ŸšงAlso leaks from faulty plumbing, roofs, or windows can allow water to infiltrate the walls, resulting in damp conditions, sometimes inefficient drainage around the building can cause water to accumulate near the foundation, allowing moisture to seep into the walls.

โบAddressing these issues requires a combination of repairs such as improving ventilation, waterproofing, and ensuring proper insulation and drainage systems.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘10โค2๐Ÿ†1
Intercon Construction Chemicals 
    
๐Ÿ‘‰ Authorized agent of MC (Conmix), Weber and SIMENTEK

โ— Concrete Admixtures
โ— Bonding Agents
โ— Waterproofings
โ— Concrete Repair, Grout   
โ— Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
โ— Wall Putty, Prime Coat, Rush Coat
โ— Quartz, Contextra
โ— Specialized paints (Thermal and Insulation Paints, Street and Playground Paints)
โ— Floor hardener, Epoxy              
โ— Geotextiles, Geo-membranes and other construction chemicals and materials

Tel: 0961955555 or 0961955559
Address: Signal, around signal mall
๐Ÿ‘2
แ‰ณแˆแˆซแ‰ต  แ•แˆŒแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แŒ„แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ข

๐Ÿ“Œแ•แˆŒแ‰ตแŠ“ แŒ„แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แ‰ แˆแˆˆแŒ‰แ‰ต แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹˜แŒ‹แŒ€ แŠ แˆˆแŠ•

โœ‚๏ธแˆ‹แˆœแˆซ แˆ˜แ‰แˆจแŒซ แˆ˜แ‰ฅแˆปแŠ“  แˆ›แŒ แŠแ‹ซ แˆ›แˆฝแŠ–แ‰ฝ แŠ แˆ‰แŠ•

๐Ÿ”—แŒแˆฎ (แ‰ถแŠ•แ‹ฒแŠ–) แŒฅแˆญแˆต แŠฅแŠ“แ‰ แŒƒแˆˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ แŠฅแŠ“แŒฅแ‹แˆˆแŠ•

๐Ÿ“แˆ›แŠ•แŠ›แ‹‰แŠ•แˆ แ‹จแˆžแ‹ฐแŠแŠญ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แˆฐแˆซแˆˆแŠ•

๐Ÿ“แŠขแ‰ตแ‹ฎแŒตแ‹ซ แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แ‹จแ‰ตแˆ แŠฅแŠ•แˆแŠญแˆŽแ‰ณแˆˆแŠ•

แŠ แ‹ตแˆซแˆปแ‰ฝแŠ•แฆ แ‰.1 แŠ แ‹‰แ‰ถแ‰ฅแˆต แ‰ฐแˆซ(แˆ˜แˆณแˆˆแˆšแ‹ซ)
                    แ‰.2 แˆ˜แˆญแŠซแ‰ถ
                    แ‰.3 แ‰ฐแŠญแˆˆแˆ€แ‹ญแˆ›แŠ–แ‰ต

0904040477
0911016833
๐Ÿ‘4
แ‰ แŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ฑ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แŠจแˆ˜แˆตแŠจแˆจแˆ 20 แ‰ แŠแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแАแˆฑ แ‹จแ‰ฐแАแŒˆแˆซแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแŠซแ‹›แŠ•แ‰บแˆต แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แŠ แˆฐแˆ™

แ‰ แŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ฑ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แŠจแˆ˜แˆตแŠจแˆจแˆ 20 แ‰€แŠ• 2017 แ‹“.แˆ. แ‰ แŠแ‰ต แŠจแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแАแˆฑ แ‹จแ‰ฐแАแŒˆแˆซแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแŠซแ‹›แŠ•แ‰บแˆต แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แˆˆแŠ แˆแ‹ฑ แŠ แˆฐแˆแ‰ฐแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แŠจแŒแ‰ข แŒˆแ‰ฅแˆญแŠคแˆ แ‰คแ‰ฐแŠญแˆญแˆตแ‰ฒแ‹ซแŠ• แŒ€แˆแˆฎ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆˆแˆแ‹ถ โ€นโ€นแŒ แˆ›แˆ› แŽแ‰…โ€บโ€บ แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆŽ แŠฅแˆตแŠจแˆšแŒ แˆซแ‹ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แ‹จแˆšแŒˆแŠ™ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆˆแŠ แˆแ‹ฑ แ‰ฃแ‰€แˆจแ‰ฅแ‰ต แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแค "แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆญแ‹ซ แˆ˜แŠ•แ‹ฐแˆซแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆแˆญแˆต แ‰ แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แ‰ฐแАแŒแˆฎแŠ• แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แˆณแˆˆแŠ•แค แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆณแ‹ญแ‰‹แŒญ แŠจแˆ˜แˆตแŠจแˆจแˆ 20 แ‰ แŠแ‰ต โ€œแŠ•แ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ณแ‰ฝแˆแŠ• แˆฐแ‰ฅแˆตแ‰ฃแ‰ฝแˆแฃ แ‰คแ‰ณแ‰ฝแˆแŠ• แˆˆแ‰ƒแ‰ฝแˆ แ‹แŒกโ€ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰ฃแˆแŠ• แ‰ แ–แˆŠแˆต แˆ˜แŒˆแ‹ฐแ‹ณแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰…แˆญ แŠ แˆฐแŠแ‰ถแŠ“แˆ" แ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰น แ‰ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แค แŠจแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แŠ แ‹ณแАแ‰ฝ แŠ แ‰คแ‰ค แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆจแŒˆแ‹ แ‹จแˆ˜แŒ€แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰†แ‹ญแ‰ณ แ‰ฐแŠจแ‰ณแ‰ณแ‹ญ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแŠ–แˆฉ แ‰€แŒ แˆฎ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแАแ‰ แˆซแ‰ธแ‹ แŠ แŠ•แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃแ‹‹ แˆฒแ‹ซแ‹ˆแ‹ซแ‹ฉ "แ‰ฐแАแŒ‹แŒแˆจแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ˆแˆตแŠ“แˆˆแŠ•" แ‹ซแˆ‰ แ‰ขแˆ†แŠ•แˆแค แŠจแ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ฑ แˆ›แŒแˆตแ‰ต แŒ€แˆแˆฎ แ‹จแ‰‚แˆญแ‰†แˆต แŠญแแˆˆ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณ 8 แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠƒแˆ‹แŠแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆญ แ‰€แŒ แˆฎ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹˜แˆˆแ‰ตแŠ“ แ‰ฃแˆแ‰ฐแŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰€ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠจแˆ˜แˆตแŠจแˆจแˆ 20 แ‰€แŠ• แŠ แˆตแ‰€แ‹ตแˆž แ‰คแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แˆˆแ‰€แ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแ‹ˆแŒก แ‰ แ–แˆŠแˆต แŒญแˆแˆญ แˆ›แˆตแŒ แŠ•แ‰€แ‰‚แ‹ซ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‰ฐแˆฐแŒงแ‰ธแ‹แˆ แŒˆแˆแŒธแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แŠจแ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณ แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ขแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แŠซแŠจแˆ แŠ แŠ•แ‹ฑ แˆˆแŠ แˆแ‹ฑ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแŒˆแˆˆแŒนแ‰ตแค "แˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซแ‰ฝแˆ แ‰ แŠ แˆตแ‰ธแŠณแ‹ญ แˆตแˆˆแˆ›แ‹ญแˆแˆˆแŒ แ‹จแˆ˜แАแˆณแ‰ณแ‰ฝแˆ แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แ‰ แˆ‚แ‹ฐแ‰ต แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹ซแˆ แ‰ฅแŠ•แ‰ฃแˆแˆ แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ฑ แˆ›แŒแˆฅแ‰ต แˆแ‰€แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆˆแŠ“แˆ" แ‹ญแˆ‹แˆ‰แกแก "แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ฝแŠ•แŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แ‰…แˆจแ‰ฅ แ‹ˆแ‹ฐ แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแ‹ แ‰ แŠ แŠซแˆ แ‰ฅแŠ•แˆ„แ‹ตแˆ แ‰ แ–แˆŠแˆต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ตแŠ•แ‰ แ‰ฐแŠ• แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ“แˆ" แˆฒแˆ‰แˆ แŠ แŠญแˆˆแ‹‹แˆแข

แŠจแŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แŠ แ‹ณแАแ‰ฝ แŠ แ‰คแ‰ค แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แАแ‰ แˆจ แ‰†แ‹ญแ‰ณ แŠฎแŠ•แ‹ถแˆšแŠ’แ‹จแˆ แˆˆแˆšแˆแˆแŒ แŠฎแŠ•แ‹ถแˆšแŠ’แ‹จแˆแฃ แ‰ฐแ‰€แ‹ซแˆช แ‹จแ‰€แ‰ แˆŒ แ‰คแ‰ต แˆแˆ‹แŒŠแˆ แ‹จแ‰€แ‰ แˆŒ แ‰คแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆฐแŒ แ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ แ‹จแŒแˆ แ‹ญแ‹žแ‰ณ แˆ‹แˆˆแ‹ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹‹แŒญ แ‰ฆแ‰ณแŠ“ แŠซแˆณ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆฐแŒฅแ‹ แ‰ฐแАแŒแˆฏแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแАแ‰ แˆญ แŒˆแˆแŒธแ‹‹แˆแกแก

"แ‹จแ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแ‹ แˆƒแˆ‹แŠแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ฑ แŠฅแ‹จแ‹ฐแ‹ˆแˆ‰ "แ‰ แŠ แˆตแ‰ธแŠณแ‹ญ แˆ˜แŒฅแ‰ณแ‰ฝแˆ แˆแˆญแˆ™" แŠฅแ‹ซแˆ‰ แŠฅแ‹ซแˆตแˆแˆซแˆฉแŠ• แ‹ญแŒˆแŠ›แˆ" แ‹จแˆšแˆ‰แ‰ต แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณ แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ขแ‹Žแ‰นแค แŠฅแ‹จแ‹ฐแ‹ˆแˆ‰ แŠฎแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแŠ’แ‹จแˆ แ‹จแˆˆแˆ แŠ แˆแ‰‹แˆ แ‹จแ‰€แ‰ แˆŒ แ‰คแ‰ต แАแ‹ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแŒฃแ‰ฝแˆ แ‹จแ‰ตแˆ แŠจแˆแ‰ตแ‹ˆแ‹ตแ‰ แ‹ญแˆ…แŠ•แŠ• แ‰ฐแ‰…แ‰ฅแˆ‹แ‰ฝแˆ แˆแ‰€แ‰ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰ฃแˆ‰ แˆ›แˆตแˆแˆซแˆชแ‹ซ แŠฅแ‹จแ‹ฐแˆจแˆฐแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแŒˆแŠ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒแˆจแ‹‹แˆแกแก

"แ‰ แ‰คแ‰ต แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แˆˆแŠจแ‰ฐแ‹ แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠฅแ‹ซแˆˆแค แ‹จแ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแ‹ แˆฐแˆ‹แˆแŠ“ แŒธแŒฅแ‰ณ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ›แˆ…แ‰ แˆจแˆฐแ‰ฅ แŠ แ‰€แ แ–แˆŠแˆต แˆ…แ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ฐแˆฐแ‰กแŠ• แ‹จแˆ›แˆตแˆแˆซแˆญแ‰ต แˆแŠ”แ‰ณ แ‰ฐแŒˆแ‰ข แŠ แ‹ญแ‹ฐแˆˆแˆ" แ‹ซแˆ‰แ‰ต แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แˆŒแˆ‹แ‹ แŠจแŠ แˆแ‹ฑ แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰†แ‹ญแ‰ณ แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆจแŒ‰ แ‹จแŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ขแ‹ แАแ‹‹แˆช แŠ แ‹›แ‹แŠ•แ‰ต แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹แกแก

"แˆ˜แˆแˆจแˆฑแŠ•แˆ แˆ†แА แˆแˆ›แ‰ฑแŠ• แŠ แŠ•แ‰ƒแ‹ˆแˆแˆ" แ‹ซแˆ‰แ‰ต แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณ แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ขแ‹แค "แ‹ˆแ‹ดแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆแŠ•แˆ„แ‹ตแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแŒ แŠ• แŒแ‹œ แŠ แŒฅแˆฏแˆ แ‰ แˆšแˆ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ต แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‰ฅแŠ•แˆฐแ‰ แˆฐแ‰ฅแˆ แ‰ แˆƒแ‹ญแˆ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแŠ•แ‰ แ‰ฐแŠ• แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆญแŒˆแŠ“แˆ" แ‰ฅแˆˆแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แŠจแŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แ…/แ‰คแ‰ต แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แАแ‰ แˆจ แ‹แ‹ญแ‹ญแ‰ต แ‹จแ‰ฐแŒ แŠ“แ‰€แ‰€ แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แˆ†แŠ– แˆณแˆˆ แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณแ‹ แАแŒˆแˆฎแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแ‹ซแ‰ฃแ‰ แˆฐ แˆ•แ‹แ‰กแŠ• แ‰ฝแŒแˆญ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠฅแ‹จแŒฃแˆˆแ‹ แАแ‹ แˆฒแˆ‰แˆ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แˆˆแŠ แˆแ‹ฑ แŠ แˆฐแˆแ‰ฐแ‹‹แˆแกแก

"แ–แˆŠแˆถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแ‹จแ‹ฐแ‹ˆแˆ‰ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‰แ‰ต แˆ›แˆตแˆแˆซแˆซแ‰ตแˆ แˆ•แŒ‹แ‹Š แ‹•แ‹แ‰…แŠ“ แ‹จแˆŒแˆˆแ‹ แ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆฅแ‰ต แˆ˜แแ‰ตแˆ„ แˆŠแˆฐแŒ แŠ• แ‹ญแŒˆแ‰ฃแˆ" แˆฒแˆ‰แˆ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณแ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แŒจแˆแˆจแ‹ แ‰ฐแŠ“แŒแˆจแ‹‹แˆแกแก

แ‹ญแˆ…แŠ•แŠ• แŒ‰แ‹ณแ‹ญ แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆˆแŠจแ‰ฐ แ‰…แˆฌแ‰ณ แ‰ฐแАแˆณแ‰ แ‰ตแŠ• แ‰‚แˆญแ‰†แˆต แŠญแแˆˆแŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แ‹ˆแˆจแ‹ณ 8 แ‹‹แŠ“ แˆฅแˆซ แŠ แˆตแˆแƒแˆšแŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แŒแŠ˜แ‰ต แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแŒ‹แŒ‹แˆš แ‰ แŠฅแŒ… แˆตแˆ‹แŠจแ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแ‹แˆแˆ แˆแˆ‹แˆฝ แˆŠแˆฐแŒกแŠ• แŠ แˆแ‰ปแˆ‰แˆแกแก

แŠจแ‰…แ‹ฑแˆต แŒˆแ‰ฅแˆญแŠคแˆ แŒ€แˆแˆฎ แŠฅแˆตแŠจ แŠจแ‹›แŠ•แ‰บแˆต แŠ แŒŽแ‹› แ‹ตแˆจแˆต แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹ แŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แ’แ‹ซแˆณ แˆแˆ‰ แˆ™แˆ‰ แ‰ แˆ™แˆ‰ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆแˆญแˆต แŠจแ‹šแˆ… แ‰€แ‹ฐแˆ แˆ˜แ‹˜แŒˆแ‰ก แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹ˆแˆณแˆแกแก

Via Ahadu Radio

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘15โค2๐Ÿ˜ข2
๐Ÿ‘‰California spent nine years constructing an $11 billion bridge to nowhere

๐ŸšงThe railroad structure, which cost taxpayers $11 billion, took more than nine years to build, yet the bridge lacks a final destination.

๐ŸทAccording to authorities, this is attributed to changes in the area's infrastructure, rendering the bridge no longer logistically significant.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘6
A new $400 billion metropolis in the middle of the desert can accommodate 5 million people

Telosa City could become home to millions of people in the middle of the United States desert.

Entrepreneur Mark Lohr has unveiled plans for a new settlement, whose residents will spend only 15 minutes commuting to work and will be able to visit farms built on skyscrapers.

The businessman hopes that the city will compete with the "floating" city of Oceanix Busan in South Korea or the mirror city of The Line in Saudi Arabia.

The construction will cost about $400 billion.

The publication notes that the name Telosa City comes from a Greek word used by Aristotle, which means "higher purpose." Lohr wants to make Telosa City "the most open, fair, and inclusive city in the world."

The city will be built in the middle of the desert between Nevada, Arizona, and Utah. It will have a water treatment plant, as well as strict instructions not to use the source too often and to work mostly on renewable energy.

@etconp
โค7๐Ÿ‘2
แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แˆˆแ‹ˆแˆฐแŠ• แˆ›แˆตแŠจแ‰ แˆญ แˆฅแˆซ แˆแˆˆแ‰ต แ‰ขแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแˆšแŒ แŒ‹ แŠซแˆณ แŠจแˆแˆˆ

แ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆตแˆแŒฃแŠ• แ‰ 2016 แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แ‰ฃแŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แˆณแ‰ขแ‹ซ แˆˆแ‰ฐแАแˆฑ แˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ 1.8 แ‰ขแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‰ฅแˆญ แ‹จแŠซแˆณ แŠญแแ‹ซ แˆ˜แˆแŒธแˆ™แŠ• แŒˆแˆˆแŒธแข

แˆ˜แˆตแˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‰ แ‹˜แŠ•แ‹ตแˆฎแ‹ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แ‰ แˆšแŒˆแАแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แŠจแˆแˆˆแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แ‹™แˆญ แ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ซแ‹˜ 546 แ‹จแŠ•แŒแ‹ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแАแˆฑ แŠ แˆตแ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข

แˆ˜แˆตแˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‰ 2016 แ‹“.แˆ 1,140 แŠชแˆŽ แˆœแ‰ตแˆญ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŠฅแŠ“ แŒฅแŒˆแŠ“ แŠ แŠจแŠ“แ‹แŠ—แˆแข

แ‰ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŠฅแŠ“ แŒฅแŒˆแŠ“แ‹ แˆณแ‰ขแ‹ซ 682 แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแАแˆฑ แˆ˜แ‹ฐแˆจแŒ‹แ‰ธแ‹แŠ• แ‹จแŒˆแˆˆแŒธแ‹ แˆ˜แˆตแˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ฑแค แŠจ1,200 แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‹จแˆ˜แ‰ฅแˆซแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ดแˆŒแŠฎแˆ แˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆ‹แ‹ญแˆ แ‰ฐแˆ˜แˆณแˆณแ‹ญ แŠฅแˆญแˆแŒƒ แˆ˜แ‹ˆแˆฐแ‹ฑแŠ• แŠ แˆ˜แˆแŠญแ‰ทแˆแข

แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰น แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ถแ‰น แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแАแˆฑ แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‹ฐแˆจแŒ‰แ‰ตแค แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ แˆšแŒˆแАแ‰กแ‰ แ‰ต โ€œแ‹ˆแˆฐแŠ• แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แ‹จแˆšแŒˆแŠ™โ€ แ‰ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แАแ‹แข

แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆตแˆแŒฃแŠ‘ แ‰ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แˆฅแˆซแ‹ แ‰ฐแАแˆบ แˆˆแˆ†แŠ‘ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ฑแŠ• แˆˆแŒˆแАแ‰ก แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆ›แ‰ต แ‰ฐแŒˆแ‰ขแ‹แŠ• แŠซแˆณ แˆ˜แŠจแˆแˆ‰ แ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข

แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆแ‹ แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แˆˆแŠซแˆณ แ‹จแŠจแˆแˆˆแ‹ แ‹จแŒˆแŠ•แ‹˜แ‰ฅ แˆ˜แŒ แŠ• 1.1 แ‰ขแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‰ฅแˆญ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‰ฐแŒˆแˆแŒฟแˆแข

แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆแ‹ แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แ‹จแŠซแ‰ฒแ‰ต แ‹ˆแˆญ แ‰ฐแŒแ‰ฃแˆซแ‹Š แˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒ€แˆ˜แˆจแ‹ แ‹จแŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แˆˆแ‰ฐแŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ‘ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ต แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแค แˆ˜แˆตแˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแАแ‰ต 795 แˆšแˆŠแ‹ฎแŠ• แ‰ฅแˆญ แŠซแˆณ แˆ˜แŠญแˆแˆ‰ แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰…แˆทแˆแข

แ‹ญแˆ… แ‹จแŠซแˆณ แŠญแแ‹ซ แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆแŒธแˆ˜แ‹ โ€œแˆˆแŠ•แŒแ‹ต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ฅแ‰ปโ€ แˆ˜แˆ†แŠ‘ แ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข

แ‰ แˆแˆˆแ‰ฐแŠ›แ‹ แˆแ‹•แˆซแ แ‹จแŠฎแˆชแ‹ฐแˆญ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ˜แˆตแˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ฑ แ‰ แ‹šแˆ… แ‹“แˆ˜แ‰ต แˆŠแŒˆแАแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹ แŠซแ‰€แ‹ณแ‰ธแ‹ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝ แŒ‹แˆญ แ‰ แ‰ฐแ‹ซแ‹ซแ‹˜แค 546 แ‹จแŠ•แŒแ‹ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆแˆ แŠจ1,800 แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแˆ˜แ‰ฅแˆซแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‰ดแˆŒแŠฎแˆ แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแ‹ซแАแˆณ แ‰ณแ‹แ‰‹แˆแข

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ‘‰Oklahoma Plans to Build the Tallest Skyscraper in the U.S.A

๐ŸšงThe Oklahoma City Council has approved an application to build the Legends Tower with no height restrictions.

๐ŸทThe company behind the construction plans for the skyscraper to be 1,907 feet tall. This height was chosen to commemorate the year 1907, when Oklahoma officially became the 46th state of the United States. Legends Tower could become the fifth tallest building in the world.

โบCurrently, the tallest building in the United States is One World Trade Center in New York City, which opened in 2014 and stands at 1,776 feet, symbolizing the year the Declaration of Independence was signed.

โญ๏ธThe tallest building in the world is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, standing at 2,716.5 feet tall.

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘2