ታምራት  ፕሌት እና ጄቦልት አቅራቢ

👉ሁሉን በአንድ ቦታ የሚያገኙበት እና ለሁሉም ቅርብ

🔰ምን ይፈልጋሉ?

📌ፕሌትና ጄቦልት በፈለጉት አይነት የተዘጋጀ አለን

✂️ላሜራ ማስቆራረጥ ማስበሳት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ከፈለጉ  እንዳያስቡ ሁሉንም ማሽኖች አስገብተናል

🔗ፌሮ (ቶንዲኖ) ጥርስ ማስበጀት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ካሰቡ ለሱም ማሽኑ በጃችን ነዉ

📐ማንኛዉንም የሞደፊክ ስራዎችን የሚሰሩ ብቁ ባለሙያዎችም አሉን

☎️ይደዉሉልን ያማክሩን

📍ኢትዮጵያ ዉስጥ የትም እንልክሎታለን

አድራሻችን፦ 1. መርካቶ
                   ቁ.1 አየር ጤና
                    ቁ.3 ተክለሀይማኖት

0904040477
0911016833

👉What Is Pancake Collapse

https://t.me/ETCONp

@etconp 👇

𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗮 𝗣𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗽𝘀𝗲? 🥞🏢

In earthquake engineering, a pancake collapse refers to a catastrophic structural failure where floors of a building collapse one after another, resembling a 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗰𝗸 𝗼𝗳 𝗽𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗮𝗸𝗲𝘀.

This type of collapse is especially dangerous and has been observed in many devastating earthquakes around the world.

𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗗𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗛𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻? 🤔

Pancake collapses occur when the vertical load-carrying elements (like columns or walls) fail to support the weight of the upper floors.

Common causes include:

• ❌ Lack of seismic detailing.
• 🛠️ Poor construction practices.
• 📉 Brittle vertical supporting members.
• 🔗 Insufficient connections between walls and slabs.
• 🏢 Soft stories (significantly weaker than upper levels).

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁? 💥⬇️

Once one floor gives way, it triggers a 𝗱𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗼 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁, with each floor collapsing onto the one below.

Logically, the lower floors lack the capacity to withstand the sudden impact of the falling debris.

This devastating chain reaction drastically reduces the chances of occupant survival and complicates rescue operations.

𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝗖𝗮𝗻 𝗪𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗜𝘁? 🏗️🛡️

Seismic design aims to avoid sudden and brittle failures.

Some strategies include:

• 🌀 Designing buildings with ductile detailing to absorb seismic energy.

• 🏋️ Using strong column-weak beam designs to prevent column failures.

• 🧱 Ensuring adequate lateral strength through shear walls, bracing, or moment frames.

• 📜 Strictly following seismic building codes and enforcing quality control in construction.

Pancake collapses serve as a stark reminder of the importance of earthquake-resilient design.
↳ By incorporating proper engineering practices, we can minimize risks and save lives. 💡👷

Via Yonatan tadesse PMP

@etconp

👉እስቲ እየተወያየን እንጠያየቅ

💫በቀድሞው EBCS ኮድ መሰረት በሀገራችን ለሚገኙ አካባቢዎች ለይቶ ባስቀመጠው የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ልኬት መሰረት የስትራክቸራል ዲዛይን ምዘና (Analysis) ለመሥራት ከግምት ውስጥ እንዲገባ ተደርጎ የተቀመጠው ከፍተኛው የመሬት መንቀጠቀጥ ንዝረት (seismic load factor) ስንት ነው?

📩ሀሳብ መልስ እና አስተያየታቸ ከታች ባለው ሊንክ ወይም መወያያ ግሩፓችን  ላይ ያስቀምጡልን👇

https://t.me/COTMp

@etconp

👉የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ (Seismic load)

🏷የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ በአንድ የግንባታ ንድፍ (በተለይ በስትራክቸራል ዲዛይን ሥራ) ሂደት ከግምት ውስጥ የሚገባ ከዋናዎቹ ጫናዎች (loads) መካከል ነው።

ይህ የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ማባዣ (seismic factor) ለተለየያዩ አካባቢዎች የተቀመጠ ሲሆን ማብዣ ቁጥሩ የሚወሰነው ቀድሞ በነበረው የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ታሪክ (Historical records) መሰረት ነው።

በዚህ አግባብ በቀድሞው EBCS ምትክ የተቋቋመው በኢትዮጵያ የልኬት ኤጀንሲ (Ethiopian Standard Agency) በ2015 (እ.ኤ.አ) ለስትራክቸራል ዲዛይን ሥራ ከግምት ውስጥ እንዲገባ ባዘጋጀው የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ንዝረትን በወሰነበት CES 160 ልኬት መሰረት ከፍተኛው የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ማባዣ አምስት (5) እንዲሆን ያረቀቀ ሲሆን ይህ ልኬት የተሰጣቸው አካባቢዎች፦

🏷1ኛ)፦ በአፋር ክልል፦ አፍዴራ፣ አርጎባ ልዪ፣ አሳይታ፣ አዋሽ ሸለቆ፣ ዳልፋጊ፣ ዱብቲ፣ ዱሌቻ፣ ኤሊዳር፣ ገዋኔ፣ ሀደሌላ፣ ሰመራ፣ ሰሙሮቢና ገላሎ

🏷2ኛ)፦ በአማራ ክልል፦ አንኮበር፣ አንጾኪያ ገምዛ፣ አርቱማ ፉርሲ፣ ባሶና ወራና፣ መንዝ ግሼ፣ ጅሌ ጥሙጋ፣ ቀወት፣ መንዝ ጌራ፣ መንዝ ማማ፣ ሞጃና ወደራ፣ ወይን አምባ፣ ጣርማ በር ናቸው።

⭐️በእነዚህ አካባቢዎች ዙሪያ ያሉ አካባቢዎች የሀገሪቱ ስምጥ ሸለቆ ዞኖች ስለሆኑ ከፍተኛ የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ንዝረት የሚስተዋልባቸው ናቸው።

❇️ነገር ግን በዚህ ሰሞን የሚስተዋለው የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ንዝረት በሬክታል ስኬል እስከ 5.2 የደረሰ መሆኑ ተዘግቧል።

⏺ይህ ማለት የሀገሪቱ የመሬት መንቀጥቀጥ ንዝረት ልኬት ከተቀመጠው ስታንዳርድ  ያለፈ ሆኖ የተመዘገበ ታሪክ ስለሆነ የስታንዳርድ (standard) ማስተካከያ ሊያስፈልገን ነው ማለት ነው።

💫የ FACEBOOK ገፃችንም ይወዳጁ👇

https://www.facebook.com/ethioconp

👉ሰላም ውድ ቤተሰቦቻችን ኣዲስ የ ETABS በ ኣማርኛ ቲቶርያል ከ introduction ጀምሮ Analysis እና Design ኣካተን ምርጥ ቪድዮ ማዘጋጀታችን ይታወሳል።

🫵እንሆ ዛሬ ክፍል 2 ጭነንላቹዋል👇

https://youtu.be/x6Q0_TKO6d8

#Advertising #ማስታወቂያ #MusaFide
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👉Bid Process Cycle

@etconp 👇

Bid Process Cycle

1. Project Identification
- The project owner recognizes the need for construction.
- Preparation of project scope, timeline, and objectives follows.

2. Preparation of Bid Documents
- The owner/consultant creates a Request for Proposal (RFP) or Request for Tender (RFT).
- Involves project specifications, drawings, contract terms, and submission guidelines.

3. Advertisement/Invitation to Bid
- The project is publicly advertised or sent to prequalified contractors.
- Contractors are invited to participate in the bidding process.

4. Pre-Bid Meeting
- A meeting is conducted to clarify the project scope.
- Questions are answered and potential concerns from contractors are addressed.

5. Bid Submission
- Interested contractors prepare and submit their bids.
- Submissions include cost estimates, construction schedules, and technical and financial qualifications.

6. Bid Opening
- Bids are transparently opened, either publicly or privately based on project requirements.

7. Bid Evaluation
- The owner assesses bids using specific criteria:
- Price competitiveness
- Technical feasibility
- Contractor's experience and qualifications

8. Contractor Selection
- The most suitable contractor is chosen, balancing cost, quality, and timeline considerations.

9. Negotiation
- The project owner and selected contractor align on terms.
- Finalize contract details.

10. Award
- The selected contractor receives the contract award.

11. Notice to Proceed (NTP)
- The contractor is issued a formal Notice to Proceed, authorizing work commencement on the project.

@etconp

👉አዲሱ የሥራ አመራር ቦርድ

💫የኢትዮጵያ ኮንስትራክሽን ሥራ ተቋራጮች ማህበር

https://t.me/ETCONpWORK

@etconp

👉FDT Test in Road Construction

💫FDT stands for Field Density Test.

⏺It's a crucial quality control test performed during road construction to ensure that the soil used in the various layers (subgrade, subbase, base course, etc.) is compacted to the required specifications.

⭐️Proper compaction is essential for the long-term stability and performance of the road.

🚧Purpose of FDT

* Determine In-Place Density: The primary objective is to measure the actual density of the compacted soil in the field.
* Compare with Laboratory Results: The field density is compared with the maximum dry density (MDD) obtained from laboratory compaction tests (like Standard Proctor or Modified Proctor).
* Calculate Degree of Compaction: This helps determine how well the field compaction effort matches the desired level of compaction.
* Ensure Structural Integrity: Adequate compaction ensures the road's ability to withstand traffic loads and prevent future settlement or failures.

❇️Common FDT Methods

⏺Sand Replacement Method (Sand Cone Method):

* A hole is excavated in the compacted soil.
* The volume of the hole is determined by filling it with a known volume of sand.
* The weight of the excavated soil is measured.
* The in-place density is calculated based on the weight and volume of the soil.

⏺Core Cutter Method:

* A cylindrical core of soil is extracted from the compacted layer.
* The volume and weight of the core are measured.
* The in-place density is calculated.

⚡️Factors Affecting FDT Results

* Soil Type: Different soil types have varying compaction characteristics.
* Moisture Content: Optimal moisture content is crucial for achieving maximum compaction.
* Compaction Equipment: The type and efficiency of compaction equipment used.
* Number of Passes: The number of passes made by the compactor.
* Test Procedure: Accurate and precise testing procedures are essential.

📍Importance of FDT in Road Construction

* Ensures Structural Stability: Proper compaction prevents future settlement and failures, leading to a longer-lasting road.
* Reduces Maintenance Costs: Well-compacted roads require less maintenance over their lifespan.
* Improves Ride Quality: A stable road surface provides a smoother ride for vehicles.
* Increases Safety: Proper compaction reduces the risk of potholes and other road hazards.

📜By conducting regular FDTs, construction professionals can ensure that the road meets the required standards and provides a safe and durable infrastructure for years to come.

@etconp

ታምራት  ፕሌት እና ጄቦልት አቅራቢ

👉ሁሉን በአንድ ቦታ የሚያገኙበት እና ለሁሉም ቅርብ

🔰ምን ይፈልጋሉ?

📌ፕሌትና ጄቦልት በፈለጉት አይነት የተዘጋጀ አለን

✂️ላሜራ ማስቆራረጥ ማስበሳት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ከፈለጉ  እንዳያስቡ ሁሉንም ማሽኖች አስገብተናል

🔗ፌሮ (ቶንዲኖ) ጥርስ ማስበጀት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ካሰቡ ለሱም ማሽኑ በጃችን ነዉ

📐ማንኛዉንም የሞደፊክ ስራዎችን የሚሰሩ ብቁ ባለሙያዎችም አሉን

☎️ይደዉሉልን ያማክሩን

📍ኢትዮጵያ ዉስጥ የትም እንልክሎታለን

አድራሻችን፦ 1. መርካቶ
                   ቁ.1 አየር ጤና
                    ቁ.3 ተክለሀይማኖት

0904040477
0911016833

👉ተርን ኦቨር (Turnover) ምንድነው?

🚧በሥራ ተቋራጮች የጨረታ ተወዳዳሪነት ግምገማ ጊዜ ከሚታዩ መለኪያዎች መካከል "Turnover" አንዱ ሲሆን በበጀት ዓመቱ ውስጥ ያገኘው ገቢ እና ሽያጭ በአጠቃላይ ድምር ገንዘብ ነው። አንድ ተቋራጭ ከተጠናቀቁ ፕሮጀክቶች እና አገልግሎቶች የሚያገኘውን ጠቅላላ ገቢ በአንድ የተወሰነ ጊዜ ውስጥ በተለይም በበጀት ዓመት ውስጥ የሚሰላ ስሌት Turnover ይባላል።

⏺ይህ ስሌት የሥራ ተቋራጩን የሥራ ክንውን መጠን ወይም እያንቀሳቀሰ ያለውን የፕሮጀክቶች በጀት ክብደት የሚያንፀባርቅ ሲሆን የንግድ ሥራ አፈጻጸም ቁልፍ ማሳያ ተደርጎ የሚወሰድ ነው። ይህ ስሌት አንድ ሥራ ተቋራጭ ከግንባታ ኮንትራቶች፣ ከንዑስ ተቋራጮች እና ከሌሎች ተያያዥ ሥራዎች የሚገኘውን ገቢ በሙሉ የሚያጠቃልል ሲሆን የሥራ ተቋራጩን ለውጥ ወይም እድገትን ወይም በገበያው ውስጥ እያሳየ ያለው ድርጅታዊ የፋይናንስ ጤናማነትንና እድገትን የሚጠቁም ቁልፍ መረጃ ነው። 

⭐️ተርን ኦቨር (Turnover) የሚሰላው ከተጠናቀቁት ፕሮጀክቶች የተገኘውን ጠቅላላ ገቢ በተወሰነ የጊዜ ገደብ ውስጥ (በብዛት በአንድ በጀት ዓመት ውስጥ) በማጠቃለል ነው።

▶️ለምሳሌ አንድ ኮንትራክተር በዓመት ሦስት ፕሮጀክቶችን አጠናቅቋል ብለን ብናስብ እና እያንዳንዳቸው የፕሮጀክት ዋጋቸው 50,000,000 ብር፣ 75,000,000 ብር፣  እና 30,000,000 ብር ዋጋ ያላቸው ቢሆኑ አጠቃላይ ትርፉ የፕሮጀክቶቹ ድምር = 155,000,000 ብር ይሆናል ማለት ነው።

ይህ አሀዝ ከቀደምት ወቅቶች ወይም የስራ ተቋራጩ  Turnover ከቀደሙ ዓመታት ጋር ካለው ስሌት ጋር በማነፃፀር የበለጠ ሊተነተን ይችላል (ዕድገት እያሳየ ነው ወይስ እየቀነስ የሚለውን ማጠቃለያ ለመስጠትና ሥራ ተቋራጩ እምነት የሚጣልበት መሆኑን ለመወሰን ይቻላል ማለት ነው)።

📜ነገር ግን ዋናው መሰረታዊ ጉዳይ የሥራ ተቋራጩ Turnover በቋሚነት በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ እያደገ መሆኑን የሚያሳይ መሆኑ በዚያው ልክ ትርፋማ ነወይ የሚለውም አብሮ የሚጣጣም ከሆነ ነው።

ከፍተኛ ዋጋ ያላቸውን ፕሮጀክቶች ይዞ እያንቀሳቀሰ ቢሆንም ትርፋማነቱ ዜሮ ወይም ነጋቲቨ ከሆነ በሥራው ላይ ለመቆየቱ ዋስትና ስለማይሆን እና ትርፍ የሌለው ሥራ መስራቱ በበጎ ስለማይታይ Turnover ብቻውን ዋጋ የለውም ማለት ነው።

ከፍተኛ Turnover ከጥሩ ትርፍ ጋር የኦዲት ሪፖርት የያዘ ሥራ ተቋራጭ መልካም የእድገት መንገድ ላይ እንደሆነ ማረጋገጫ ነው።

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@etconp

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@Samiwagaye

64 earthquakes in just 3 months
******
Mother earth is uncomfortable these days in our corner. A total of 64 earthquakes of magnitude 4 and above shook the ground since 27th September last year following three years of no significant event.

I felt the most recent event this evening at 6:27 pm as much as I did the one yesterday shortly before 11:00 pm. The larger of these two events was of magnitude 4.8. I am a bit uncomfortable that we have to feel such small events after the waves traveled for more than 150 km. One normally expects the great majority of the energy to be dissipated along the path.

I was wondering: How would we feel a larger but moderate magnitude of an event, say 5.6, which is only 1 unit of magnitude larger than the event we felt this evening? It would definitely wreck havoc among all of us and possibly also cause some damages. It is, however, important to note that it takes about 32-fold of the energy of the latest event for such a magnitude of shaking to happen at the source. This seems to give us some solace considering the current frequency of occurrence, with comparable magnitudes in the range of 4 to 5, which contributes towards release of strain energy stored in the crustal rocks.

However, the seismic history of the country tells us that magnitudes up to around 6.8 had been experienced in the near past. Some experts go to the extent that we could face magnitudes up to around 7.2. The Serdo and Karakore events of the 1960s and the Dobi earthquake of 1989 are cases in point, all with magnitudes between 6 and 7. Following the fact stated above, such an earthquake with, say M=6.6, would release 1024-fold of the event of this evening. I leave it to your imagination how much would such an energy release could do to us and to our meager resources. God forbid!

Having said that, I attached the USGS plot of all 64 epicenters of the events in the past three months. Worth noting is that the mini-clusters of five events at the northern end and five events at the southern end of the entire cluster took place in the past three days alone. There is a distance of around 175 km between the extreme epicenters. Some intriguing trend; right?

Let us hope that whatever is moving the ground over the past three months will soon run out of steam, and calm will prevail soon. Continued vigilance is inevitable, though. Organized preparedness is, unfortunately, almost non existent. More worrisome is the absence of awareness creation to the wider public.

Credit:- Asrat Worku ( Professor of Geotechnical Engineering at the school of civil and environmental engineering, AAiT-AAU)

@etconp

👉What is a cadastre?
=====================
🚧A cadastre is a land information system based on land tenure and the information it organizes is mainly of two types.

⏺Namely, spatial data shows the location of the tenure, its boundaries, size and shape, neighboring tenures and bordering roads, and the other descriptive data (non-spatial data) is known as the identity of the tenure holder (name, address, gender, marital status, etc.), the rights, restrictions and responsibilities on the tenure, the services and status of the place, etc.

⏺It includes information that is listed according to the type of cadastre

⭐️These two types of information are also linked by a unique tenure identification code.

📜Cadastre is divided into three types: -

💫The first is the legal cadastre, which is a current land tenure information system that combines information on the ownership, rights, restrictions and responsibilities of each legal boundary with a map of the land, and is necessary to verify who owns which land and in what manner, in order to ensure the security of the landowner.

💫The second type is the fiscal cadastre, which is a system that contains detailed information on the fixed assets on the land and the current valuation of the land along with the map of the land, and is used for the payment of land and property taxes.

💫The third type of cadastre is the comprehensive/comprehensive cadastre, which contains the information described in the two types of cadastres, and also includes infrastructure, environmental protection and other information and maps.

⏺It is known that there are many countries that have had a lot of experience and have come a long way in the process of building a cadastral system. In this construction process, each country has a different starting point and approach, depending on its own specific circumstances.

⏺Some countries have moved from fiscal cadastre to multi-purpose, for example, France; others have moved from legal cadastre to multi-purpose cadastre, for example, the Netherlands.

🔰In our country, many efforts have been made to establish the system at the city level. The attempts were made to establish a multi-purpose cadastre, but they could not bring the desired results and ensure the sustainability of the system.

⭐️Therefore, it was chosen to establish a legal cadastre that would benefit the landowners and city administrations, and then establish a fiscal cadastre and a multi-purpose cadastre, as it would make the system sustainable.

⏺In this process, the map information is prepared once and needs to be updated following changes, and all types of cadastres are based on the cadastral map prepared by the legal cadastre.

❇️Other information will be added and will grow into a multi-purpose cadastre system.

@etconp