As per IS : 800 , the maximum deflection in a beam should not exceed
Anonymous Quiz
30%
L/180
27%
L/300
12%
L/325
31%
L/250
β€8π1π1
Name the structural member connecting all the Trusses and also supporting the roofing sheet
Anonymous Quiz
68%
Purlins
12%
Tie rod
7%
Gutters
13%
Bracings
π8
The space between two adjacent Trusses is called
Anonymous Quiz
50%
Span
23%
Pitch
18%
Bay
10%
Panel
π7β€2
Statement (I) : As modulus of elasticity of a material increases degree deformation of material decreases.
Statement (II) : A mild steel rod has greater modulus of elasticity than cast iron so deformation in elasto-plastic region will be less in it
Statement (II) : A mild steel rod has greater modulus of elasticity than cast iron so deformation in elasto-plastic region will be less in it
Anonymous Quiz
31%
Both statements (I) & (II) are correct and statement (II) is correct explanation of statement (I)
28%
Statement (I) is correct but statement (II) is wrong
22%
Statement (I) is wrong but statement (II) is correct
19%
Both statements (I) & (II) are correct but statement (II) is no correct explanation of statement (I)
π6β€4
π INTERCON Construction Chemicals
β Concrete Admixtures
β Bonding Agents
β Waterproofings
β Wall Putty, Prime Coat
β Concrete Repair Mortar
β Floor hardener, Epoxy
β Grout, Self-level mortar
β Quartz paint, Contextra
β Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
β Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
βοΈ Tel: 0961955555
πΉ Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
πΉ Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
β Concrete Admixtures
β Bonding Agents
β Waterproofings
β Wall Putty, Prime Coat
β Concrete Repair Mortar
β Floor hardener, Epoxy
β Grout, Self-level mortar
β Quartz paint, Contextra
β Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
β Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials
βοΈ Tel: 0961955555
πΉ Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital
πΉ Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
β€2
πWhat is interior design in the architecture & construction industry?
π«Interior design is the professional practice of shaping interior spaces so they are safe, functional, efficient, and beautiful for the people who use them.
βΊIn the broader architecture and construction industry it sits between architecture (the buildingβs overall form, structure and engineering) and fit-out/construction (the actual building work and installation). βΊInterior designers translate usersβ needs, brand or lifestyle, and building constraints into usable interior environments.
βοΈCore roles & responsibilities
π§Space planning: arranging rooms, furniture and circulation so spaces work well for intended activities.
π§Concept & aesthetics: developing style, color palettes, materials, lighting concept and mood (often via mood boards and renderings).
π§Technical documentation: producing interior drawings, elevations, details, joinery/shop drawings, finishes schedules and FF&E (furniture, fixtures & equipment) lists.
π§Coordination: working with architects, structural and MEP engineers, contractors and suppliers to integrate interiors with systems (HVAC, lighting, fire, accessibility).
π§Specification & procurement: selecting and specifying materials, finishes, fixtures and furniture; managing purchasing and delivery.
π§Construction administration: reviewing contractor work, site inspections, responding to RFIβs, approving samples and supervising installation.
π§User & code compliance: ensuring accessibility, egress, fire safety, acoustics and local building codes are met.
π§Budget & schedule management: keeping interior scope within client budget and construction timeline.
π§Typical project stages
Brief/Programming: understand client needs, users, budget.
π§Concept design: sketches, massing of spaces, mood boards, preliminary cost estimate.
π§Design development: detailed plans, material selections, lighting & furniture layout.
π§Construction documentation: technical drawings, specifications, schedules for tender/permit.
π§Tender & procurement: select contractors, order long-lead items.
π§Construction/fit-out: site supervision, quality control, coordination.
π§Handover & post-occupancy: snagging, final adjustments, feedback.
π§Deliverables an interior designer typically produces
Floor plans & furniture layouts
Reflected ceiling plans (lighting/plenum)
βΊInterior elevations and detailed joinery drawings
βΊFinish and materials schedule
βΊFF&E schedule and procurement lists
βΊ3D renderings and walkthroughs (for client approval)
βΊSamples & mockups (e.g., joinery or feature wall)
βΊAs-built drawings after completion
πHow interior design interacts with architecture & construction
βΊWith architects: designers follow architectural constraints (structure, openings, MEP routes) and contribute to interior expression and functionality.
βΊWith engineers/contractors: designers must coordinate technical requirements (lighting, HVAC, acoustic treatments, fire protection) so interior work is buildable and code-compliant.
βΊWith clients & stakeholders: designers translate user needs, brand identity or lifestyle into measurable interior solutions.
π²Why interior design matters (value)
βΊImproves usability and productivity (in offices, schools, hospitals).
βΊEnhances marketability and value of property.
βΊReduces costly mistakes through early coordination and documentation.
βΊImproves comfort, safety and occupant wellbeing (lighting, acoustics, ergonomics).
βΊSupports sustainability goals (material choice, energy-efficient lighting, adaptive reuse).
β‘οΈSkills & tools commonly used
βΊDesign thinking, ergonomics, color and material knowledge.
Technical drafting and detailing.
βΊSoftware: AutoCAD, Revit/Interior Revit, SketchUp, 3ds Max or Blender, Adobe Photoshop/Illustrator, and specification tools.
@etconp
π«Interior design is the professional practice of shaping interior spaces so they are safe, functional, efficient, and beautiful for the people who use them.
βΊIn the broader architecture and construction industry it sits between architecture (the buildingβs overall form, structure and engineering) and fit-out/construction (the actual building work and installation). βΊInterior designers translate usersβ needs, brand or lifestyle, and building constraints into usable interior environments.
βοΈCore roles & responsibilities
π§Space planning: arranging rooms, furniture and circulation so spaces work well for intended activities.
π§Concept & aesthetics: developing style, color palettes, materials, lighting concept and mood (often via mood boards and renderings).
π§Technical documentation: producing interior drawings, elevations, details, joinery/shop drawings, finishes schedules and FF&E (furniture, fixtures & equipment) lists.
π§Coordination: working with architects, structural and MEP engineers, contractors and suppliers to integrate interiors with systems (HVAC, lighting, fire, accessibility).
π§Specification & procurement: selecting and specifying materials, finishes, fixtures and furniture; managing purchasing and delivery.
π§Construction administration: reviewing contractor work, site inspections, responding to RFIβs, approving samples and supervising installation.
π§User & code compliance: ensuring accessibility, egress, fire safety, acoustics and local building codes are met.
π§Budget & schedule management: keeping interior scope within client budget and construction timeline.
π§Typical project stages
Brief/Programming: understand client needs, users, budget.
π§Concept design: sketches, massing of spaces, mood boards, preliminary cost estimate.
π§Design development: detailed plans, material selections, lighting & furniture layout.
π§Construction documentation: technical drawings, specifications, schedules for tender/permit.
π§Tender & procurement: select contractors, order long-lead items.
π§Construction/fit-out: site supervision, quality control, coordination.
π§Handover & post-occupancy: snagging, final adjustments, feedback.
π§Deliverables an interior designer typically produces
Floor plans & furniture layouts
Reflected ceiling plans (lighting/plenum)
βΊInterior elevations and detailed joinery drawings
βΊFinish and materials schedule
βΊFF&E schedule and procurement lists
βΊ3D renderings and walkthroughs (for client approval)
βΊSamples & mockups (e.g., joinery or feature wall)
βΊAs-built drawings after completion
πHow interior design interacts with architecture & construction
βΊWith architects: designers follow architectural constraints (structure, openings, MEP routes) and contribute to interior expression and functionality.
βΊWith engineers/contractors: designers must coordinate technical requirements (lighting, HVAC, acoustic treatments, fire protection) so interior work is buildable and code-compliant.
βΊWith clients & stakeholders: designers translate user needs, brand identity or lifestyle into measurable interior solutions.
π²Why interior design matters (value)
βΊImproves usability and productivity (in offices, schools, hospitals).
βΊEnhances marketability and value of property.
βΊReduces costly mistakes through early coordination and documentation.
βΊImproves comfort, safety and occupant wellbeing (lighting, acoustics, ergonomics).
βΊSupports sustainability goals (material choice, energy-efficient lighting, adaptive reuse).
β‘οΈSkills & tools commonly used
βΊDesign thinking, ergonomics, color and material knowledge.
Technical drafting and detailing.
βΊSoftware: AutoCAD, Revit/Interior Revit, SketchUp, 3ds Max or Blender, Adobe Photoshop/Illustrator, and specification tools.
@etconp
π6β€3
Project management, procurement and communication skills.
Quick checklist for clients working with an interior designer
Define goals, budget and timeline up front.
Share building drawings, structural/MEP constraints and local code requirements.
Agree deliverables (what drawings, what level of detail).
Decide procurement responsibilities (designer orders vs contractor).
Plan for mockups/samples for critical finishes.
Keep a single point of contact for approvals to avoid delays.
Quick checklist for clients working with an interior designer
Define goals, budget and timeline up front.
Share building drawings, structural/MEP constraints and local code requirements.
Agree deliverables (what drawings, what level of detail).
Decide procurement responsibilities (designer orders vs contractor).
Plan for mockups/samples for critical finishes.
Keep a single point of contact for approvals to avoid delays.
β€2
πUsing plastic threads[α²α£α] for checking leveling can have several drawbacks
πSome are listed here.
π§1. Elasticity and Sagging:
βΊPlastic threads stretch under tension, causing inaccurate level measurements.
βΊOver long distances, sagging can be significant, leading to false readings.
π§2. Temperature Sensitivity:
Plastic expands and contracts with temperature changes, altering tension and alignment during the day.
π§3. Wind Movement:
Lightweight threads sway in the wind, making precise alignment difficult.
π§4. Lack of Durability:
Threads can easily snap or loosen, especially in high-traffic areas during construction.
π§5. No Straight Reference:
βΊUnlike fishing lines or steel wires, plastic threads do not stay perfectly straight, leading to cumulative errors across the structure; like slab, column or beam etc.
βΊBetter Alternatives:
Use Laser Level instrumentβ Offers the most precise leveling without physical sag.
βΊMasonβs Nylon Line (High-Tension) β More rigid and less stretchable.
@etconp
πSome are listed here.
π§1. Elasticity and Sagging:
βΊPlastic threads stretch under tension, causing inaccurate level measurements.
βΊOver long distances, sagging can be significant, leading to false readings.
π§2. Temperature Sensitivity:
Plastic expands and contracts with temperature changes, altering tension and alignment during the day.
π§3. Wind Movement:
Lightweight threads sway in the wind, making precise alignment difficult.
π§4. Lack of Durability:
Threads can easily snap or loosen, especially in high-traffic areas during construction.
π§5. No Straight Reference:
βΊUnlike fishing lines or steel wires, plastic threads do not stay perfectly straight, leading to cumulative errors across the structure; like slab, column or beam etc.
βΊBetter Alternatives:
Use Laser Level instrumentβ Offers the most precise leveling without physical sag.
βΊMasonβs Nylon Line (High-Tension) β More rigid and less stretchable.
@etconp
β€7π1
FDRE-Procurement-Manual-Final-2018-NBGMS-1221-3.pdf
2.9 MB
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https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
@etconp
β€4π2