Ethio Construction Engineering
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๐Ÿ”จ World Construction Engineering
Latest updates, tips, and tutorials on building, civil engineering, and construction in World.
Learn, build, and grow with us!

๐Ÿ“จ @Philemona7 Or @ETCONpBOT

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แ‰ณแˆแˆซแ‰ต แ•แˆŒแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แŒ„ แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ข

โœ…แ‹จแˆแŠ•แˆฐแŒฃแ‰ธแ‹ แŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ถแ‰ฝ

๐Ÿ”… แ•แˆŒแ‰ต any Size & thickness
๐Ÿ”… แŒ„ แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต (แŒฅแˆญแˆต แˆ›แ‹‰แŒฃแ‰ตแŠ“ แˆ›แŒ แ)

๐Ÿ”… แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ซแ‹ฉ  [modefic] แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แˆฐแˆซแˆˆแŠ•แข

โ™ฆ๏ธ แˆ›แŠ•แŠ›แ‹‰แŠ•แˆ แ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ณ แ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แŒˆแ‹›แˆˆแŠ•แข

โ˜Ž๏ธแˆตแˆแŠญ 0904040477 แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆ 0911016833 แ‹ฐแ‹แˆˆแ‹ แ‹ซแŒแŠ™แŠ•
๐Ÿ“ฑแ‰ดแˆŒแŒแˆซแˆ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แฆhttps://t.me/heavenic1

แŠ แ‹ตแˆซแˆปแฆ  แ‰ 1.แˆ˜แˆญแŠซแ‰ถ
                แ‰.2 แŠ แ‹จแˆญ แŒคแŠ“  แŠชแ‹ณแА แˆแˆ…แˆจแ‰ต
                 แ‰.3 แ‰„แˆซ

แŒฅแˆซแ‰ตแŠ“ แ‰ณแˆ›แŠแАแ‰ต แˆ˜แˆˆแ‹ซแ‰ฝแŠ• แАแ‹แข
แ‰ณแˆแˆซแ‰ต แ•แˆŒแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แŒ„ แ‰ฆแˆแ‰ต แŠ แ‰…แˆซแ‰ข
โค1
๐Ÿ‘‰CONSTRUCTION SPEED
vs QUALITY: THE TRUTH

๐Ÿ’ซRushing construction can cost you years of durability.

โบPlan smart, use skilled labor, and build fast AND strong!

๐Ÿ“šFAST BUT RUSHED? LEADS TO PROBLEMS!

๐Ÿ“ŒKEY FACTORTS

๐Ÿ”—Weak Materials
๐Ÿ”—Poor Supervision
๐Ÿ”—Bad Weather

๐Ÿ“šFAST &WELL-PLANNED MAINTAINS QUALITY!

๐Ÿ“ŒKEY FACTORS

๐Ÿ”—Skilled Workers
๐Ÿ”—Good Materials
๐Ÿ”—Proper Planning

"Speed is a luxury; Quality is mandatory."

โšก๏ธPLAN, SKILL, DISCIPLINE =FAST& PERFECT!

@etconp
โค5
Ethio Construction Engineering
๐Ÿ‘‰CBR method for flexible pavement thickness: ๐Ÿ“ŒCBR (California Bearing Ratio) measures subgrade soil strength. ๐Ÿ“Œ Used to design flexible pavement thickness. ๐Ÿ“ŒPavement layers: Asphalt, Base, Sub-base, Compacted Subgrade. ๐Ÿ“ŒTypical layer thicknesses: ๐Ÿ”—Asphaltโ€ฆ
๐Ÿ‘‰What Is CBR

๐Ÿ’ซCBR (California Bearing Ratio) is a soil strength test used mainly in road and pavement engineering to evaluate how well the soil can support loads.

๐ŸทWhat CBR Means

โบCBR compares the bearing capacity of a soil to that of a standard crushed stone (which is taken as 100%).

๐Ÿ”ฐCBR tells us how strong the soil is for road construction.

โญ๏ธWhy CBR Is Important

โšก๏ธCBR is used to:

โบDesign road pavement thickness
โบCheck suitability of subgrade soil
โบDesign highways, airfields, and flexible pavements
โบDecide if soil needs stabilization or replacement

๐Ÿ”ฐHow CBR Is Determined

โบA plunger is pressed into the soil at a standard rate
โบThe resistance of soil is measured
โบThis resistance is compared with standard crushed stone

๐ŸŽฒTypical CBR Values (Approximate)

โบVery weak soil (clay, silt): 1โ€“3%
โบPoor soil: 3โ€“5%
โบMedium soil: 5โ€“10%
โบGood subgrade: 10โ€“20%
โบGravel / crushed stone: 30โ€“80%+

โ‡๏ธWhere the Test Is Done

โบLaboratory CBR test
โบField CBR test

@etconp
๐Ÿ‘10โค4
๐Ÿ‘‰What Do You Feel About This Incredible Architecture

โœ๏ธแˆตแˆˆแ‹šแˆ… แ‹ตแŠ•แ‰… แ‹จแˆ…แŠ•แƒ แŒฅแ‰ แ‰ฅ แ‹จแˆšแˆฐแˆ›แ‰น แƒแ‰แˆแŠ•๐Ÿ™

https://t.me/ETCONpWORK

@etconp
โค18
๐Ÿ‘‰แŠฅแŠ•แŠณแŠ• แˆˆแ‰ฅแˆญแˆƒแА แˆแ‹ฐแ‰ฑ แ‰ แˆฐแˆ‹แˆ แŠ แ‹ฐแˆจแˆณแ‰ฝแˆโค

๐Ÿ’ซแ‰ แ‹“แˆ‰ แ‹จแˆฐแˆ‹แˆแฃ แ‹จแŒคแŠ“ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแแ‰…แˆญ แ‰ แ‹“แˆ แ‹ญแˆแŠ•แˆ‹แ‰ฝแˆ๐Ÿ™

โญ๏ธแˆ˜แˆแŠซแˆ แ‹จแŒˆแŠ“ แ‰ แ‹“แˆ๐ŸŽ„

@etconp
๐Ÿ™5โค2๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰๐Ÿ‘‰Holiday Discount

๐ŸŒŸ 1 Days Left Discount Merry Christmas

Training (With Discount)

          ๐ŸŒŸOnline Class (With Certificate)

1. ETABS Price = 1800birr
2. Ms Project Price = 1800birr
3. Quantity Survey Price = 1800birr
4. Civil 3D Price =2500birr
5. Etabs With Safe Price = 2500birr
6. Advanced Structural Design Using ETABS, SAFE and SAP2000 = 4500birr
7. Structural Design in ProtaStructure Software = 3500birr
8. Autocad Price = 1800birr
9. Sap2000 Price = 1800birr
10. Autodesk Revit Architecture = 2500BIRR


๐ŸšงPrepared by Engineering Solution Abel Muluken

๐ŸซตFor Registration - 0948552002  Or @AbelMuluken

๐ŸšงTelegram Channel - https://t.me/AbelMulukenEngineeringSolution

๐ŸšงYouTube Channel - https://youtube.com/channel/UCNxyykElOiXVKVlA4jXI2BA
โค4
๐Ÿ‘‰ INTERCON Construction Chemicals 

โ— Concrete Admixtures
โ— Bonding Agents
โ— Waterproofings
โ— Wall Putty, Prime Coat
โ— Concrete Repair Mortar
โ— Floor hardener, Epoxy
โ— Grout, Self-level mortar
โ— Quartz paint, Contextra
โ— Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
โ— Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials

โ˜Ž๏ธ Tel: 0961955555

๐Ÿ”น Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital

๐Ÿ”น Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
โค1
#ADVERTISEMENT

Ab Con General Waterproofing Works

แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แŠ แ‰…แˆญแ‰ฆแ‰ตแ‹ŽแŠ• แ‰ แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹ฐแˆจแŒƒ แˆˆแˆ˜แŒจแˆ˜แˆญ แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆ›แŒ แˆซแ‰€แˆšแ‹ซ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆตแˆญแ‹“แ‰ณแ‰ต แ‹ญแŒ แ‰€แˆ™ !!!

โ—‡ แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แ‰ แŒ‰แ‹ตแŒ“แ‹ต แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แŠจแˆšแˆ˜แŒฃ แ‹จแˆฝแŠ•แ‰ต แ‰คแ‰ต แแˆณแˆพแ‰ฝ แˆ™แˆ‰ แˆˆแˆ™แˆ‰ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠจแˆˆแˆˆ แˆตแˆˆแˆšแˆ†แŠ• แˆˆแ‹‰แˆ€ แ‰ฅแŠญแˆˆแ‰ต  แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแˆ›แˆ›แŠ แАแ‹‰ แข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆ˜แ‰ แˆตแ‰ แˆต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ˜แˆฐแАแŒฃแŒ แ‰… แ‹จแˆšแ‰ฃแˆ แАแŒˆแˆญ แˆแ…แˆž แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ณแˆฐแ‰ฅแˆแข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆˆแˆ›แ…แ‹ณแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰€แˆ‹แˆ‰ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แ‰ฝ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ• แฃ แ‰ แ‹‰แˆ€ แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แ‰ แแŒฅแАแ‰ต แˆˆแˆšแˆซแ‰ฃแ‹‰ แŠ แˆแŒŒ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แˆแ…แˆž แ‹จแˆ›แ‹ญแˆ˜แ‰ฝ แАแ‹‰ แข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แŠจแˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ แŒ‰แ‹ตแŒŽแ‹ต แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แˆตแˆˆแˆšแˆฐแˆซ แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‰†แŒฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‰แข
โ—‡แˆˆแˆ˜แ‹‹แŠ› แŒˆแŠ•แ‹ณ

โ—‡ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แฃแคแˆชแˆ แŠฅแˆตแ‰ดแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แคแ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แคแˆ†แˆตแ’แ‰ณแˆŽแ‰ฝแฅ แˆ†แ‰ดแˆŽแ‰ฝ แฅ แŠคแˆแ‰ฃแˆฒแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฅแ‹จแŠฅแˆญแˆป แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แฅแŠขแŠ•แ‹ฑแˆตแ‰ตแˆช แ“แˆญแŠฎแ‰ฝ แ‹ˆแ‹˜แ‰ฐ แ‹จแŠ› แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ƒแˆšแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹‰แข

๐Ÿคณ0913967277
     0968966602
โค3
๐Ÿ‘‰For Building Structural Engineers (RCC, Formwork & Reinforcement) job entrance exam๐Ÿ‘ทโ€โ™‚๏ธ

๐Ÿท‎1. What are the key checks before fixing formwork for beams and slabs?

โบ‎Line, level, dimensions, rigidity, alignment, tightness of joints, and proper supports/props.
‎
๐Ÿท‎2. How do you determine the spacing of props and supports for slab formwork?

โบ‎Based on slab thickness, formwork material, load calculations, and manufacturerโ€™s recommendations.
‎
๐Ÿท‎3. What is camber in beams and slabs and why is it provided?

โบ‎A slight upward curvature provided to compensate for deflection after removal of formwork.
‎
๐Ÿท‎4. What are the common causes of formwork failure?

โบ‎Inadequate bracing, overloading, poor workmanship, weak supports, and premature removal.
‎
๐Ÿท‎5. What is the difference between lap length and development length?

โบ‎Lap length joins two bars; development length ensures full stress transfer between steel and concrete.
‎
๐Ÿท‎6. How do you check lap length on site?

โบ‎Measure against drawings and codes (e.g., 40โ€“50 times bar diameter depending on conditions).
‎
๐Ÿท‎7. What is anchorage length?

โบ‎The length of reinforcement embedded into concrete to develop required bond strength.
‎
๐Ÿท‎8. What checks are done for reinforcement in beams?

โบ‎Bar size, spacing, cover, stirrup spacing, hooks, laps, and alignment.
‎
๐Ÿท‎9. Why are stirrups provided in beams?

โบ‎To resist shear forces and hold longitudinal bars in position.
‎
๐Ÿท‎10. What is the purpose of column ties?

โบ‎To prevent buckling of longitudinal bars and confine concrete.
‎
@etconp
โค15๐Ÿ‘2๐Ÿ‘Œ1
๐Ÿ‘‰Common Defects In Concrete

๐Ÿ“ŒConcrete is the backbone of construction, but even the strongest mixes can suffer from defects that compromise strength and durability.

๐Ÿ“œHereโ€™s a quick guide to the 8 most common concrete defects.

โญ๏ธ1. Honeycombing โ€“ Voids in concrete due to poor compaction.

โšก๏ธFix: Ensure proper vibration during placement.

โญ๏ธ2. Segregationโ€“ Aggregate separation caused by excess water.

โšก๏ธFix: Optimize water-cement ratio & mixing.

โญ๏ธ3. Bleeding โ€“ Water rising to the surface due to high water ratio.

โšก๏ธFix: Control mix design & use admixtures.

โญ๏ธ4. Cracksโ€“ Shrinkage or thermal stress cracks.

โšก๏ธFix: Proper curing & joint placement.

โญ๏ธ5. Spalling โ€“ Surface chipping from rebar corrosion.

โšก๏ธFix: Protect reinforcement & use quality cover.

โญ๏ธ6. Efflorescence โ€“ White deposits from salt & moisture.

โšก๏ธFix: Improve drainage & use waterproofing.

โญ๏ธ7. Scalingโ€“ Surface peeling from freeze-thaw cycles.

Fix: Use air-entrained concrete in cold climates.

โญ๏ธ8. Voids/Air Pocketsโ€“ Air pockets from poor vibration or compaction.

โšก๏ธFix: Adequate compaction & vibration.

๐ŸšงTip: Regular inspection & proper mix design are key to preventing these defects and ensuring long-lasting structures.

@etconp
โค11๐Ÿ‘5
๐Ÿ‘‰381 แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแŠ แ‰…แˆ˜ แ‹ฐแŠซแˆžแ‰ฝ แ‰ฐแˆ‹แˆˆแ‰

แ‹จแŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆ› แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแ‹ณแ‹ฐแˆญ แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แŠ แ‹ณแАแ‰ฝ แŠ แ‰คแ‰ค แ‹จแŒˆแŠ“ แ‰ แ‹“แˆแŠ• แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แ‰ แˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ 381 แ‹จแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแˆ€แŒˆแˆญ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹แˆˆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ“ แŠ แ‰…แˆ˜ แ‹ฐแŠซแˆžแ‰ฝ แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแˆ‹แˆแˆแ‹‹แˆแข

แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃแ‹‹ แ‰ แŠ•แ‹แˆต แˆตแˆแŠญ แˆ‹แแ‰ถ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‰ แ‰‚แˆญแ‰†แˆต แŠญแแˆˆ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆžแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒˆแАแ‰ฃ แ‰ฃแˆˆ 5 แ‹ˆแˆˆแˆ แˆ…แŠ•แƒ แ‹จแˆšแŒˆแŠ™ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝแŠ• แАแ‹ แ‹ซแˆตแ‰ฐแˆ‹แˆˆแ‰แ‰ตแกแก

แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ต แˆตแŒฆแ‰ณ แŠจแ‰ฐแˆฐแŒฃแ‰ธแ‹ แ‹จแˆ€แŒˆแˆญ แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹แˆˆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แŠซแŠจแˆ แ‰ณแ‹‹แ‰‚แ‹ แ‹ฐแˆซแˆฒ แˆ€แ‰ฅแ‰ณแˆ™ แŠ แˆˆแ‰ฃแ‰ธแ‹ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŠ แ‰ฅแ‹ฒแˆณ แŠ แŒ‹ แˆแŒ… แŠคแˆแ‹ซแˆต แŠ แ‰ฅแ‹ฒแˆณ แ‹ญแŒˆแŠ™แ‰ แ‰ณแˆแกแก

แŠจแŠ•แ‰ฒแ‰ฃ แŠ แ‹ณแАแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‹šแˆ แ‹ˆแ‰…แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ณแˆ‰แ‰ตรท แŠ แ‹ฒแˆต แŠ แ‰ แ‰ฃแŠ• แˆˆแŠ‘แˆฎ แˆแ‰น แŠจแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ แ‰ แˆแˆˆแŠ•แ‰ฐแŠ“แ‹Š แˆ˜แˆแŠฉ แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฟแŠ• แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ƒแˆš แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‹˜แˆญแˆ แ‰ฅแ‹™ แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠฅแ‹จแ‰ฐแŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ‘ แ‹ญแŒˆแŠ›แˆ‰แกแก

แ‰ แ‹šแˆ…แˆ แ‹จแŠจแ‰ฐแˆ›แ‹‹แŠ• แАแ‹‹แˆชแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹จแ‰คแ‰ต แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‰คแ‰ต แ‹จแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒ แ‰ฐแŒแ‰ฃแˆญ แ‰ฐแŒ แŠ“แŠญแˆฎ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแ‰€แŒฅแˆ แŠ แˆจแŒ‹แŒแŒ แ‹‹แˆแข

@etconp
โค9๐Ÿฅฐ1
๐Ÿ‘‰What are Bridge,Piers, Abutments & Bearings

๐ŸšงQ1 What is the function of bridge piers?

โบAnswer: To support the bridge superstructure and transfer loads safely to the foundation.

๐ŸšงQ2 What are common types of bridge piers?

โบAnswer: Wall piers, column piers, hammerhead piers, pile bent piers, and portal piers.

๐ŸšงQ3 What factors govern the selection of pier type?

โบAnswer: Span length, river flow, foundation condition, aesthetics, and construction method.

๐ŸšงQ4 What is the function of bridge abutments?

โบAnswer: To support the end spans of a bridge and retain the approach embankment.

๐ŸšงQ5 What are the main types of abutments?

โบAnswer: Gravity abutments, cantilever abutments, counterfort abutments, and spill-through abutments.

๐ŸšงQ6 What loads act on bridge piers and abutments?

โบAnswer: Dead load, live load, wind load, seismic load, braking force, earth pressure, and water forces.

๐ŸšงQ7 What is a spill-through abutment?

โบAnswer: An abutment where the embankment slopes pass between columns, reducing earth pressure.

๐ŸšงQ8 What is the importance of pier cap in bridge construction?

โบAnswer: It distributes loads from the superstructure to the pier columns or walls.

๐ŸšงQ9 What is a bridge bearing?

โบAnswer: A structural device that transfers loads from the superstructure to the substructure while allowing movement.

๐ŸšงQ10 Why are bridge bearings necessary?

โบAnswer: To accommodate thermal expansion, contraction, rotation, and seismic movements.

๐ŸšงQ11 What are the common types of bridge bearings?

โบAnswer: Elastomeric bearings, pot bearings, rocker bearings, roller bearings, and spherical bearings.

๐ŸšงQ12 What is an elastomeric bearing?

โบAnswer: A rubber-based bearing that allows limited rotation and movement without mechanical parts.

๐ŸšงQ13 What are the advantages of elastomeric bearings?

โบAnswer: Low maintenance, simplicity, durability, and corrosion resistance.

๐ŸšงQ14 What is bearing seating and why is it critical?

โบAnswer: Proper placement and alignment of bearings to ensure uniform load transfer.

๐ŸšงQ15 What defects are commonly observed in bridge bearings?

โบAnswer: Cracking, bulging, corrosion, misalignment, and seizure.

๐ŸšงQ16 How is bearing replacement carried out?

โบAnswer: By jacking the superstructure, removing old bearings, and installing new ones with proper alignment.

๐ŸšงQ17 What quality control checks are required for pier and abutment construction?

โบAnswer: Reinforcement placement, concrete strength, formwork alignment, and curing.

๐ŸšงQ18 What is the role of expansion joints near abutments?

โบAnswer: To allow movement of the superstructure without inducing stresses.

๐ŸšงQ19 What drainage provisions are required at piers and abutments?

โบAnswer: Weep holes, deck drainage outlets, and protection against water accumulation.

๐ŸšงQ20 What records must be maintained for pier, abutment, and bearing works?

โบAnswer: Construction drawings, inspection reports, bearing installation records, and as-built details.

@etconp
โค24๐Ÿ‘6๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ‘‰Constrution Dive แ‹จแ‰ฐแ‰ฃแˆˆ แ‹จแˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แ‰ฐแ‰‹แˆ แˆฐแˆžแŠ‘แŠ• 5 construction trends to watch in 2026 แ‰ แˆšแˆ แˆญแ‹•แˆต แ‰ฃแˆฐแˆซแŒจแ‹ แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แ‰ 2026 แ‹จแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แ‹˜แˆญแ แŠ แˆแˆตแ‰ต แŠ แ‹แˆ›แˆšแ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ (Trends) แ‹จแˆšแŠจแ‰ฐแˆ‰แ‰ต แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹ แ‰ฅแˆแˆแข

๐ŸšงแŠฅแАแ‹šแˆ… แŠ แˆแˆตแ‰ต แАแŒฅแ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แАแŒฅแ‰ฆแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‹‹แŠ“แАแ‰ต แ‰ แ‹“แˆˆแˆ แŠ แ‰€แ แ‹ฐแˆจแŒƒ (แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ญแˆ แ‰ แŠ แˆœแˆชแŠซ) แ‹ซแˆˆแ‹แŠ• แˆแŠ”แ‰ณ แˆ˜แˆฐแˆจแ‰ต แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆจแŒ‰ แ‰ขแˆ†แŠ•แˆแฃ แˆˆแ‹˜แˆญแ‰ แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ™แ‹ซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‰ตแˆแ‰… แˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แ‹ญแˆฐแŒฃแˆ‰แข


แ‹จแŒแ‰ฅแ‹“แ‰ต แ‹•แ‰ƒแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แˆ˜แˆจแŒ‹แŒ‹แ‰ต (Stable Material Prices)


แŠฅ.แŠค.แŠ . แ‰ 2026 แ‹จแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แŒแ‰ฅแ‹“แ‰ต แ‹•แ‰ƒแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แŒญแˆ›แˆช แ‹ˆแ‹ญแˆ แ‹ตแŠ•แŒˆแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‰…แŠ“แˆฝ แŠ แ‹ญแŒ แ‰ แ‰…แˆแข แ‹จแ‹‹แŒ‹ แŒแˆฝแ‰ แ‰ฑ แŠจ2% แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 4% แ‰ฃแˆˆแ‹ แŠญแˆแˆ แ‹แˆตแŒฅ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆ†แŠ• แ‹ญแŒˆแˆ˜แ‰ณแˆแข แ‹ญแˆแŠ• แŠฅแŠ•แŒ‚ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แ‰ฅแˆจแ‰ต (Steel) แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แˆ‰แˆšแŠ’แ‹จแˆ แ‹ซแˆ‰ แˆแˆญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‰ณแˆชแ (Tariff) แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แ‹‹แŒ‹แ‰ธแ‹ แŠจแ แ‰ฅแˆŽ แˆŠแ‰†แ‹ญ แ‹ญแ‰ฝแˆ‹แˆแข

แ‹จแˆฐแ‹ แŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แŠฅแŒฅแˆจแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแ‹ฐแˆ˜แ‹ˆแ‹ แŒญแˆ›แˆช (Labor Shortages and Rising Wages)


แ‹จแˆฐแˆˆแŒ แА แ‹จแˆฐแ‹ แŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แŠฅแŒฅแˆจแ‰ต แŠ แˆแŠ•แˆ แ‰ตแˆแ‰… แˆแ‰ฐแŠ“ แˆ†แŠ– แ‹ญแ‰€แŒฅแˆ‹แˆแข แ‰ แ‹šแˆ…แˆ แˆแŠญแŠ•แ‹ซแ‰ต แ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆฐแˆซแ‰ฐแŠžแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแˆ›แ‰†แ‹จแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แ‹ณแ‹ฒแˆถแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแˆ˜แˆณแ‰ฅ แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹ฐแˆ˜แ‹ˆแ‹ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠญแˆแˆ แ‹ญแŒˆแ‹ฐแ‹ณแˆ‰แข แ‹ญแˆ…แˆ แ‰ แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แŠ แŒ แ‰ƒแˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‰ แŒ€แ‰ต แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŠจแŒแ‰ฅแ‹“แ‰ต แ‹•แ‰ƒแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แ‹‹แŒ‹ แ‰ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แŒซแŠ“ แ‹ญแˆแŒฅแˆซแˆ แ‰ฐแ‰ฅแˆŽ แ‹ญแ‰ณแˆฐแ‰ฃแˆแข

แ‹จแˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แˆ›แ‹•แŠจแˆ‹แ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆ˜แˆตแ‹แ‹แ‰ต (Growth in Data Centers and Infrastructure)


แ‹จแŠ แˆญแ‰ฒแŠแˆปแˆ แŠขแŠ•แ‰ฐแˆˆแŒ€แŠ•แˆต (AI) แ‰ดแŠญแŠ–แˆŽแŒ‚ แŠฅแ‹ตแŒˆแ‰ต แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹จแˆ˜แˆจแŒƒ แˆ›แŠจแˆ›แ‰ป แˆ›แ‹•แŠจแˆ‹แ‰ต (Data Centers) แŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฒแŒจแˆแˆญ แ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‹แˆแข แ‰ แ‰ฐแŒจแˆ›แˆชแˆ แˆ˜แŠ•แŒแˆตแ‰ณแ‹Š แ‹จแˆ˜แˆ แˆจแ‰ฐ แˆแˆ›แ‰ต แ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ถแ‰ฝ (แˆ˜แŠ•แŒˆแ‹ถแ‰ฝแฃ แ‹จแŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แˆ›แˆ˜แŠ•แŒซแ‹Žแ‰ฝ) แ‰ 2026 แ‹จแ‹˜แˆญแ‰ แ‹‹แŠ“ แŠ แŠ•แ‰€แˆณแ‰ƒแˆฝ แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐแˆšแˆ†แŠ‘ แ‹ญแŒ แ‰ แ‰ƒแˆแข

แ‰ แ‰ดแŠญแŠ–แˆŽแŒ‚ แ‹จแ‰ณแŒˆแ‹˜ แŠ แˆ แˆซแˆญ (Technology Adoption - AI and Robotics)


แ‹แŒคแ‰ณแˆ›แАแ‰ตแŠ• แˆˆแˆ˜แŒจแˆ˜แˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแˆฐแ‹ แŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แŠฅแŒฅแˆจแ‰ตแŠ• แˆˆแˆ˜แ‰‹แ‰‹แˆ แ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แ‰ แ‰ดแŠญแŠ–แˆŽแŒ‚ แˆ‹แ‹ญ แ‹จแˆšแ‹ซแ‹ฐแˆญแŒ‰แ‰ต แŠขแŠ•แ‰จแˆตแ‰ตแˆ˜แŠ•แ‰ต แ‹ญแŒจแˆแˆซแˆแข

แ‰ แ‰ฐแˆˆแ‹ญแˆแฆ
โ€ข AI (Artificial Intelligence): แˆˆแ•แˆฎแŒ€แŠญแ‰ต แ‹•แ‰…แ‹ต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆˆแ‹‹แŒ‹ แŒแˆแ‰ตแข
โ€ข Robotics: แ‰ฐแ‹ฐแŒ‹แŒ‹แˆš แŠฅแŠ“ แŠ แ‹ตแŠซแˆš แˆตแˆซแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แ‰ แˆฎแ‰ฆแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แˆ›แŠจแŠ“แ‹ˆแŠ•แข
โ€ข Drones: แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แˆˆแˆ˜แ‰†แŒฃแŒ แˆญ แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹ณแˆฐแˆณ (Survey) แˆˆแˆ›แ‹ตแˆจแŒแข

แ‹˜แˆ‹แ‰‚แАแ‰ต แŠฅแŠ“ แ‹จแŠ แŠซแ‰ฃแ‰ข แŒฅแ‰ แ‰ƒ (Sustainability and Green Building)


แ‹จแŠซแˆญแ‰ฆแŠ• แˆแ‰€แ‰ตแŠ• แ‹จแˆšแ‰€แŠ•แˆฑ แ‹จแŒแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ณ แ‰แˆณแ‰แˆถแ‰ฝ (แˆˆแˆแˆณแˆŒแก Low-carbon concrete) แŠฅแŠ“ แŠƒแ‹ญแˆ แ‰†แŒฃแ‰ข แ‹จแˆ†แŠ‘ แ‹จแˆ…แŠ•แŒป แ‹ฒแ‹›แ‹ญแŠ–แ‰ฝ แ‰ตแŠฉแˆจแ‰ต แ‹ซแŒˆแŠ›แˆ‰แข แŠ แ‹ณแ‹ฒแˆต แˆ•แŠ•แŒปแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠจแˆ˜แŒˆแŠ•แ‰ฃแ‰ต แ‹ญแˆแ‰… แАแ‰ฃแˆญ แˆ•แŠ•แŒปแ‹Žแ‰ฝแŠ• แŠ แ‹ตแˆถ แˆˆแˆŒแˆ‹ แŠ แŒˆแˆแŒแˆŽแ‰ต แˆ›แ‹‹แˆ (Adaptive Reuse) แŠฅแŠ•แ‹ฐ แ‰ตแˆแ‰… แŠ แ‹แˆ›แˆšแ‹ซ แ‹ญแ‰ณแ‹ซแˆแข


Via Infranco

@etconp
โค11
๐Ÿ‘‰‎Basic Important Points for Civil Site Engineer's and Supervisors for Road Construction projects..
‎
‎1. Camber: The minimum camber for a road is 2%.
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‎2. Gradient: The maximum gradient for a road is 1 in 20 (5%).
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‎3. Drainage: The minimum gradient for drainage is 1 in 100.
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‎4. Compaction: The minimum compaction density for subgrade is 95%.
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‎5. Thickness of Pavement Layers:
‎   โ—‹ - Subbase: 100-150 mm
‎   โ—‹ - Base course: 50-100 mm
‎   โ—‹ - Surface course: 25-50 mm
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‎6. Bitumen Content: The standard bitumen content for hot mix asphalt is 4-6%.
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‎7. Aggregate Size: The maximum aggregate size for hot mix asphalt is 19 mm.
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‎8. Compaction Temperature: The ideal compaction temperature for hot mix asphalt is between 120ยฐC and 140ยฐC.
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‎9. Curing Period: The minimum curing period for concrete roads is 7 days.
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‎10. Joint Spacing: The maximum joint spacing for concrete roads is 4.5 meters.
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‎11. Pavement Marking: The standard width for pavement markings is 100 mm.
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‎12. Road Signage: The standard height for road signs is 2.1 meters.
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‎13. Drainage System: The minimum slope for drainage pipes is 1 in 100.
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‎14. Geotextile: The standard thickness for geotextile underlayment is 0.5 mm.
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‎15. Subgrade Stabilization: The standard depth for subgrade stabilization is 300 mm.
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‎16. Base Course Material: The standard material for base course is crushed aggregate.
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‎17. Surface Course Material: The standard material for surface course is hot mix asphalt.
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‎18. Tack Coat: The standard application rate for tack coat is 0.2-0.5 liters per square meter.
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‎19. Prime Coat: The standard application rate for prime coat is 0.5-1.0 liters per square meter.
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‎20. Road Safety Features: The standard height for crash barriers is 0.8 meters.
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‎21. Road Lighting: The standard spacing for road lighting poles is 30-50 meters.
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‎22. Drainage Inlets: The standard spacing for drainage inlets is 100-200 meters.
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‎23. Shoulder Width: The standard width for road shoulders is 2.5-3.5 meters.
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‎24. Lane Width: The standard width for road lanes is 3.5-4.5 meters.
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‎25. Road Surface Texture: The standard texture depth for road surfaces is 0.5-1.5 mm.
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‎26. Skid Resistance: The standard skid resistance value for road surfaces is 0.4-0.6.
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‎27. Roadside Slope: The standard slope for roadside embankments is 1:1.5 to 1:2.
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‎28. Culvert Size: The standard size for culverts is 600 mm x 600 mm.
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‎29. Guardrail Height: The standard height for guardrails is 1.1 meters.
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‎30. Roadside Drainage: The standard slope for roadside drainage channels is 1 in 50.
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‎31. Bitumen Penetration: The standard penetration value for bitumen is 60-80.
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‎32. Aggregate Crushing Value: The standard crushing value for aggregates is 20-30%.
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‎33. Concrete Slump: The standard slump value for concrete is 25-100 mm.
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‎34. Compaction Equipment: The standard compaction equipment for road construction is a 10-ton roller.
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‎35. Pavement Layer Thickness: The standard thickness for pavement layers is 50-200 mm.
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‎36. Road Surface Evenness: The standard evenness value for road surfaces is 3-5 mm.
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‎37. Road Surface Roughness: The standard roughness value for road surfaces is 1.5-3.5 mm.
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‎38. Drainage Pipe Material: The standard material for drainage pipes is PVC or concrete.
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‎39. Roadside Fencing: The standard height for roadside fencing is 1.2 meters.
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‎40. Environmental Protection: The standard measures for environmental protection during road construction include dust control, noise reduction, and erosion prevention.
‎
‎@etconp
โค19๐Ÿ‘5๐Ÿ‘3
648_แ‹จแŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ•_แ‰ฅแ‰ƒแ‰ต_แˆ›แˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒซแŠ“_แˆแ‹แŒˆแ‰ฃ_แˆ˜แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ.pdf
2.7 MB
๐Ÿ‘‰แ‹จ แŠฎแŠ•แˆตแ‰ตแˆซแŠญแˆฝแŠ• แ‰ฅแ‰ƒแ‰ต แˆ›แˆจแŒ‹แŒˆแŒซแŠ“ แˆแ‹แŒˆแ‰ฃ แˆ˜แˆ˜แˆชแ‹ซ

- แŠฎแŠ•แ‰ตแˆซแŠญแ‰ฐแˆญ แŠจ แ‹ฐแˆจแŒƒ 1 แŠฅแˆตแŠจ 10
- แ‹จแŠ แˆ›แŠซแˆช แˆ˜แˆƒแŠ•แ‹ฒแˆต แˆแ‰ƒแ‹ต
- แ‰ฃแˆˆแˆ™แ‹ซ แˆแˆ‰แˆ แŠ แ‹ญแАแ‰ต

https://t.me/ETCONpWORK

@etconp
โค4๐Ÿ™2
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แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แŠ แ‰…แˆญแ‰ฆแ‰ตแ‹ŽแŠ• แ‰ แŠจแแ‰ฐแŠ› แ‹ฐแˆจแŒƒ แˆˆแˆ˜แŒจแˆ˜แˆญ แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆ›แŒ แˆซแ‰€แˆšแ‹ซ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆตแˆญแ‹“แ‰ณแ‰ต แ‹ญแŒ แ‰€แˆ™ !!!

โ—‡ แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แ‰ แŒ‰แ‹ตแŒ“แ‹ต แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แŠจแˆšแˆ˜แŒฃ แ‹จแˆฝแŠ•แ‰ต แ‰คแ‰ต แแˆณแˆพแ‰ฝ แˆ™แˆ‰ แˆˆแˆ™แˆ‰ แ‹จแ‰ฐแŠจแˆˆแˆˆ แˆตแˆˆแˆšแˆ†แŠ• แˆˆแ‹‰แˆ€ แ‰ฅแŠญแˆˆแ‰ต  แŠ แˆตแ‰ฐแˆ›แˆ›แŠ แАแ‹‰ แข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆ˜แ‰ แˆตแ‰ แˆต แŠฅแŠ“ แˆ˜แˆฐแАแŒฃแŒ แ‰… แ‹จแˆšแ‰ฃแˆ แАแŒˆแˆญ แˆแ…แˆž แŠ แ‹ญแ‰ณแˆฐแ‰ฅแˆแข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แˆˆแˆ›แ…แ‹ณแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰€แˆ‹แˆ‰ แ‹จแˆšแˆ˜แ‰ฝ แˆฒแˆ†แŠ• แฃ แ‰ แ‹‰แˆ€ แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แ‰ แแŒฅแАแ‰ต แˆˆแˆšแˆซแ‰ฃแ‹‰ แŠ แˆแŒŒ แ‹ฐแŒแˆž แˆแ…แˆž แ‹จแˆ›แ‹ญแˆ˜แ‰ฝ แАแ‹‰ แข
โ—‡แ‰ แ‹แ‹ญแ‰ แˆญแŒแˆ‹แˆต  แ‹จแ‰ฐแˆฐแˆซ แ‹จแ‹แˆƒ แˆดแ•แ‰ฒแŠญ แ‰ณแŠ•แŠญ แŠจแˆ˜แˆฌแ‰ต แ‰ แ‰ณแ‰ฝ แ‰ แŒ‰แ‹ตแŒŽแ‹ต แ‹‰แˆตแŒฅ แˆตแˆˆแˆšแˆฐแˆซ แ‰ฆแ‰ณ แ‰†แŒฃแ‰ข แАแ‹‰แข
โ—‡แˆˆแˆ˜แ‹‹แŠ› แŒˆแŠ•แ‹ณ

โ—‡ แˆˆแˆ˜แŠ–แˆชแ‹ซ แ‰คแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แฃแคแˆชแˆ แŠฅแˆตแ‰ดแ‰ถแ‰ฝ แคแ‹ตแˆญแŒ…แ‰ถแ‰ฝ แคแˆ†แˆตแ’แ‰ณแˆŽแ‰ฝแฅ แˆ†แ‰ดแˆŽแ‰ฝ แฅ แŠคแˆแ‰ฃแˆฒแ‹Žแ‰ฝแฅแ‹จแŠฅแˆญแˆป แ‰ฆแ‰ณแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แฅแŠขแŠ•แ‹ฑแˆตแ‰ตแˆช แ“แˆญแŠฎแ‰ฝ แ‹ˆแ‹˜แ‰ฐ แ‹จแŠ› แ‰ฐแŒ แ‰ƒแˆšแ‹Žแ‰ฝ แŠ“แ‰ธแ‹‰แข

๐Ÿคณ0913967277
     0968966602
โค3๐Ÿ‘2
๐Ÿ‘‰ INTERCON Construction Chemicals 

โ— Concrete Admixtures
โ— Bonding Agents
โ— Waterproofings
โ— Wall Putty, Prime Coat
โ— Concrete Repair Mortar
โ— Floor hardener, Epoxy
โ— Grout, Self-level mortar
โ— Quartz paint, Contextra
โ— Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
โ— Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials

โ˜Ž๏ธ Tel: 0961955555

๐Ÿ”น Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital

๐Ÿ”น Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza
โค3