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ታምራት ፕሌት እና ጄ ቦልት አቅራቢ

‎👉Bearing Calculation in Land Surveying

💫Complete Explanation Using Formulas

‎🚧Understanding bearing is a fundamental skill in land surveying, GIS, GNSS, and civil engineering.

⏺Bearing describes the direction of a survey line relative to a reference meridian and is essential for traversing, boundary surveys, mapping, and coordinate-based computations.
‎
‎🏷This infographic presents a strictly correct, formula-based method for calculating bearing, following classical surveying standards.

⏺Instead of using compass-style drawings or azimuth circles (which often lead to confusion), this approach relies on coordinates, mathematical formulas, and quadrant logic—the same principles used in modern total stations and GNSS software.
‎
‎⏺The process begins with the known coordinates of two points, Point A and Point B.

⏺From these coordinates, we calculate the change in Easting (ΔE) and the change in Northing (ΔN).

⏺These values define both the direction and the quadrant of the survey line.
‎
🚧‎The bearing angle (θ) is then computed using the arctangent formula:
‎
‎θ = tan⁻¹(|ΔE| / |ΔN|)
‎
‎⏺This formula ensures that the angle is always less than or equal to 90°, which is a key requirement of the bearing system.

⏺Absolute values are used in the calculation, while the signs of ΔE and ΔN determine the correct quadrant.
‎
‎⭐️Based on the quadrant:

‎ • ΔN positive and ΔE positive → N θ E
‎ • ΔN positive and ΔE negative → N θ W
‎ • ΔN negative and ΔE positive → S θ E
‎ • ΔN negative and ΔE negative → S θ W
‎
‎⏺This final expression is the true bearing, written in the standard quadrant format used in surveying reports, cadastral plans, and engineering drawings.
‎
‎⏺Using this method helps avoid common mistakes such as confusing bearing with azimuth, measuring angles from the wrong reference direction, or exceeding the 90° limit. It also aligns perfectly with how modern surveying instruments internally compute directions from coordinate data.
‎
‎❇️Whether you are a surveying student, GIS engineer, GNSS specialist, or civil engineer, mastering bearing calculations is essential for accurate spatial work in both the field and the office.
‎
‎@etconp

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☎️ Tel: 0961955555

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በተለያዩ ሚዲያዎች active አስደርጉ በሚል እየተሰራጨ የሚገኘው መረጃ ሀሰት ነው።

በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር የቤቶች ልማትና አስተዳደር ለ2ዐ/8ዐ እና ለ40/60 የጋራ መኖሪያ ቤት ተመዝጋቢዎችን በተመለከተ ሰሞኑን በተለያዩ ሀሰተኛ የማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ገፆች ቀነ ገደብ በማስቀመጥ የምዝገባ ቋት ውስጥ መኖራችሁን አረጋግጡ እንዲሁም ምዝገባችሁን ንቁ (active) አድርጉ በማለት እየተናፈሰ የሚገኘውን ሀሰተኛ ወሬ ተከትሎ ተመዝጋቢዎች በአዲስ አበባ ቤቶች ልማት እና አስተደደር ቢሮ በመገኘት ለአላስፈላጊ ምልልስ እየተዳረጉ ይገኛሉ፡፡

ይሁንና ተመዝጋቢዎች ያለምንም ቀነ ገደብ በተቋሙ ዌብሳይት መረጃውን ማግኘት ስለሚችሉ በአካል መምጣት ሳያስፈልግ ማንኛውም ተመዝጋቢ የምዝገባ ሂሳብ ቁጥሩን በማስገባት ንቁ (active) መሆኑን ማረጋገጥ የሚችልና አስፈላጊውን መረጃ ማግኘት ይችላሉ።

የትም መሄድ ሳይጠበቅባችሁ የቁጠባ ገንዘብ ስትከፍሉ በራሱ active ይሆናል።

ስማችሁ ከሌለ ብቻ ነው ወደ ቢሮ መሄድና ማናገር የሚጠበቅባችሁ የሚል መረጃ ደርሶናል።
ከሀሰተኛ መረጃ እራስዎን ይጠብቁ።
ሼር ይደረግ።

👉ለማረጋገጥ ትክክለኛ ዌብሳይት👇👇👇

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@etconp

👉What Is ETABS

💫ETABS stands for Extended Three-Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems.

⏺It is a professional structural engineering software developed by CSI (Computers and Structures, Inc.), mainly used for analysis and design of building structures.

🏷What is ETABS?

⏺ETABS is a computer program specially made to model, analyze, and design multi-storey buildings such as:
Residential buildings,Commercial,buildings,Hotels,Offices,High-rise structures

⚡️It is widely used by civil and structural engineers.

⭐️Functions of ETABS

1. Structural Modeling
Create 3D models of buildings
Define beams, columns, slabs, shear walls, and foundations
Assign materials (concrete, steel) and section properties

2. Load Definition & Application

⏺Dead load
⏺Live load
⏺Wind load
⏺Earthquake (seismic) load
Load combinations according to codes (ACI, Eurocode, IS, etc.)

3. Structural Analysis
Linear & non-linear analysis
Static and dynamic analysis
Modal analysis
Response spectrum analysis
Time history analysis (advanced)

4. Structural Design
Concrete design (beams, columns, slabs, shear walls)

Steel design
Automatic design checks based on selected design codes
Reinforcement detailing and optimization

5. Seismic & Wind Analysis
Analyze building behavior during earthquakes
Drift control and story shear checks
Wind pressure and lateral load distribution

6. Results & Output
Bending moments, shear forces, axial forces
Story drift, displacement, reactions
Reinforcement quantity and detailing data
Graphs, tables, and reports

7. Construction Documentation Support
Quantity take-off (approximate)
Export results to AutoCAD and other software
Helps in preparing structural drawings

🚧Why ETABS is Important?

✔ Saves time
✔ High accuracy
✔ Suitable for complex & tall buildings
✔ Internationally accepted
✔ Reduces design errors

@etconp

👉ETABS Amharic Tuetorial Part 1👇

https://youtu.be/Mjd_00n82gI?si=dU0H3dajgB9hXQ52

የመሬት ሊዝ ጨረታ ተራዘመ

የአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር መሬት ልማትና አስተዳደር ቢሮ 8ኛ ዙር የመሬት ሊዝ ጨረታ ለተጨማሪ 10 ቀናት መራዘሙን የጨረታ ኮሚቴ አሳውቋል፡፡

220 ፕሎቶች በዘጠኝ ክፍለ ከተሞች በተሰናዱበት በዚህ ጨረታ የኦንላይን ሰነድ ሽያጩ ከታህሳስ 25/2018 እስከ ጥር 12/2018 ዓ.ም በተመቻቸው የተቋሙ ድረ-ገፅ ሲሸጥ መቆየቱ ይታወሳል፡፡

ሆኖም በተለያየ ምክንያት የጨረታ ሰነድ ላልገዙ አካላት ተጨማሪ እድል ለመስጠትና የተሳታፊዎችን ቁጥር ለማሳደግ እንዲያግዝ በደንብ ቁጥር 162/2016 አንቀፅ 20 በተደነገገው መሰረት የሰነድ ሽያጩን ከጥር 13/2018 ጀምሮ ለተከታታይ 10 የስራ ቀናት እንዲራዘም ተደርጓል፡፡

ስለሆነም ፍፁም ፍትሐዊና ግልፅ በሆነው የከተማችን የመሬት ሊዝ ጨረታ መሳተፍ የምትፈልጉ አካላት የጨረታ ሰነዱን ከጥር 13/2018 እስከ ጥር 26/2018 ዓ.ም እስከ ቀኑ 9፡00 ድረስ የቴሌ ብር አካውንታችሁን ተጠቅማችሁ ሰነዱን ከተቋሙ ድረ-ገፅ (landlessdocument.aalb.gov.et) በመገዛት እንድትወዳደሩ ቢሮው በድጋሚ ጥሪ እያቀረበ የጨረታ ሰነድ ማስረከቢያ ጥር 26/2018 ዓ.ም ከጠዋቱ 2፡30 እስከ ቀኑ 11፡30 መሆኑን እንገፃለን፡፡

በተጨማሪም ታህሳስ 25 ቀን 2018 ዓ.ም በወጣው አዲስ ልሣን ጋዜጣ ላይ በአቃቂ ቃሊቲ ክ/ከተማ የጨረታ ቁጥር አ/ቃ/ክ/ከ/27/18 የቦታ ኮድ LDR-AKI-MIX-00014927 የቦታ ስፋት 992 ካሜ ተብሎ የተጠቀሰው 233 ካ.ሜ በሚል የተስተካከለ ሲሆን በንፋስ ስልክ ላፍቶ፣ለሚኩራ፣ልደታ እና ኮልፌ ቀራኒዬ ክ/ከተማ በድምሩ 82 ቦታዎች ከጨረታ ተሰርዘዋል ።

የተሰረዙ ቦታዎችን ኮድና ዝርዝር መረጃ ነገ ጥር 09/2018 ታትሞ በሚወጣው አዲስ ልሳን ጋዜጣ ላይ ይመልከቱ።

@etconp