👉የቻይናዊ ባለሃብት የሆነ ግራንዴር ሴራሚክ ማምረቻ የተባለ ግዙፍ ፋብሪካ ዛሬ ተመርቋል።

የሚገኝበት ከተማ ፦ ሞጆ

ፋብሪካው ያረፈበት ቦታ ፦ 300,000 ካሬ ሜትር

የወጣበት ወጪ ፦ ከ2 ቢሊዮን ብር በላይ

የፈጀው ጊዜ ፦ ከዕቅድ እስከ ሙሉ ሥራ ማስጀመር 9 ወር

የጥሬ እቃ ምንጭ፦ 80 በመቶ ከአካባቢው (በ100 ኪ/ሜ ውስጥ)

በአሁኑ ወቅት 60×60 ሴራሚክ በስፋት ማምረት ጀምሯል።

80x80፣ 60x120፣ 70x140 እና 80x160 ወደፊት የሚመረቱ የንጣፍ መጠኖች ናቸው።

Via TikVah

@etconp

👉The compact guide to building quantity estimation, which is a critical part of civil engineering and construction planning.

🚧Let me break down the details clearly:

🏗️ Concrete Quantity

Concrete estimation involves calculating the volume of structural elements like slabs, beams, and columns.
- For the foundation slab, the product of length × width × thickness gives the volume.
- For columns, the cross-sectional area × height gives the concrete required.
Accurate concrete volume ensures proper batching and avoids wastage.

🔩 Steel Quantity

Steel estimation is based on the length of reinforcement bars and their unit weight per meter.
- Main bars and stirrups are calculated separately.
- The total steel weight is derived by multiplying bar length with unit weight.
This ensures reinforcement is sufficient for structural strength and safety.

🧱 Brickwork Calculation

Brickwork is measured in square meters of wall area, deducting openings like doors and windows.
- The brick factor depends on wall thickness (e.g., 230 mm).
- Multiplying wall area by the brick factor gives the total number of bricks required.
This helps in ordering the right quantity of bricks for masonry.

🏠 Plaster Area

Plastering is calculated by measuring surface areas of walls and ceilings, again deducting openings.
- Ceiling area is straightforward (length × width).
- Wall surfaces are summed up, with deductions for doors and windows.
This ensures smooth finishing and avoids excess material use.

📊 Material Summary

All materials—concrete, steel, bricks, cement, sand, and aggregate—are tabulated for clarity.
- This summary helps in budgeting, procurement, and scheduling.
- It ensures no shortage or surplus during construction.

#ConstructionEstimation #BuildingMaterials #StructuralDesign #SmartPlanning

@etconp

👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals 

● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials

☎️ Tel: 0961955555

🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital

🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza

👉5 Cement Field Tests (Site Testing)

1. Color Test
Good cement should have a uniform grey color with a slight greenish shade.

2. Touch Test
Rub cement between fingers. It should feel smooth, not rough or gritty.

3. Lumps Test
Cement bag should be free from hard lumps. Lumps indicate moisture absorption.

4. Float Test
Throw a small quantity of cement into water. Good cement should float for a few seconds before sinking.

5. Smell Test
Cement should not have an earthy or clay smell. Such smell indicates presence of impurities.

@etconp

Followers who are interested in high-quality daily news content and geopolitical analysis: we want to introduce our partner to you - the @geopolitics_prime channel.

The team creates groundbreaking investigations, connecting historical facts with current events, revealing the truth and opening people's eyes to what's really happening https://t.me/+x7VY855rB7FmZDZi

👉Here’s the Isolated Footing Design explained in detail :

🏗️ Step-by-Step Explanation

🔰Soil Pressure

- The column load is 1500 kN.
- The soil can safely carry 250 kN/m².
- The actual pressure applied is 135 kN/m², which is within safe limits.

❇️Footing Size

- Required area is 2.5 m².
- Footing dimensions are 2.5 m × 2.5 m.
- Depth is 600 mm.
This ensures stability and proper load transfer.

🎲Punching Shear

- Punching shear is checked around the column perimeter.
- The footing is safe against punching shear failure.

🔰Bending Moment

- The maximum bending moment is 450 kNm.
- This value is used to design reinforcement.

⭐️Reinforcement

- Steel reinforcement is required to resist bending.
- Provided reinforcement: 12 mm bars placed at 150 mm spacing in both directions.
- Effective steel area is 750 mm²/m.
This ensures strength and durability.

🚧Final Detailing

- Column size: 400 mm × 400 mm.
- Reinforcement: 12 mm bars @ 150 mm spacing.
- Cover depth: 0.6 m.
- Concrete grade: M30.
- Steel grade: Fe500.

✅ Key Takeaway This design ensures:

- Safe soil pressure distribution
- Adequate footing size
- Resistance against punching shear
- Proper reinforcement for bending
- Strong detailing for durability

💫A well-designed isolated footing guarantees structural safety and longevity of the building foundation.

#CivilEngineering #StructuralDesign #FoundationSafety #SmartEngineering

@etconp

👉What is BIM (Building Information Modeling)?

💫BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a digital process used in construction where a building is designed, planned, and managed using a 3D intelligent model.

🚧It is not just 3D drawing — it contains complete project information like materials, cost, time, and structure details.

@etconp

👉super elevation design on highways, keeping it clear and practical.

🔑 Key Details

- Definition: Super elevation is the upward tilting of the outer edge of a road curve to help vehicles counteract centrifugal force.
- Purpose: It reduces skidding, improves safety, and ensures smoother driving comfort on curves.
- Design Inputs:
- Design speed of the vehicle
- Radius of the curve
- Side friction factor (resistance between tires and road surface)

- Example Case:

- Speed considered: 80 km/h
- Curve radius: 250 m
- Side friction factor: 0.15
- Result: Required super elevation = 5% (outer edge raised by 5% of road width).

🚗 Practical Values

- Maximum super elevation: 7% (as per IRC standards).
- Normal camber: 2.5% on straight roads.
- Side friction factor: Typically ranges between 0.10 and 0.17 depending on speed and road type.

📘 Importance

- Enhances road safety by balancing forces on curves.
- Improves driver comfort during high-speed travel.
- Ensures efficient traffic flow even on sharp bends.

📖 Reference

Standards are guided by IRC: 73 – 2001 (Geometric Design of Highways), which sets the limits and recommendations for safe design.

#CivilEngineering #SuperElevation
#RoadSafety

@etconp

💡ለመላው የእስልምና እምነት ተከታዮች በሙሉ እንኳን ለ1447ኛው ታላቁ የኢድ አል አድሃ (አረፋ) በዓል በሰላምና በጤና አደረሳችሁ🌙

በዓሉ በመተሳሰብ፣ በአብሮነትና በፍቅር
የተሞላ እንዲሆንላችሁ እንመኛለን🙏

ዒድ ሙባረክ❤

@etconp

👋እንኳን ደስ አላቹ !👋

Purchasers እና contractors በፍጥነት እና በቀላሉ suppliers እንዲያገኙ የሚያስችል construction material sourcing bot አዘጋጅተናል።

Bot user name: 👇
👉 @hbhbuyerbot 👈
👆

በዚህ bot አማካኝነት፦

• Quotations በፍጥነት መጠየቅ
• የsuppliers ዋጋ ማወዳደር
• ያሉ materials በቀላሉ ማግኘት
• ብዙ suppliers በስልክ ከመደወል ጊዜ መቆጠብ

የሚገኙ materials ከሚከተሉት መካከል፦

* Rebar
* Cement
* Hollow Block
* Aggregate
* CHS/RHS Steel
* Plumbing & Electrical Materials
* And more

Step 1 : ይመዝገቡ
Step 2 : “New purchase order”የሚለውን በመጫን ወደሚመለከተው አቅራቢ PO በመላክ ግብይቶን ያቀላጥፋ

Bot user name: 👇
👉 @hbhbuyerbot 👈

👉Trigonometric leveling is a surveying method that determines the height difference between two points using measured vertical angles and horizontal distances.

It is especially useful when the two points are not at the same level, allowing surveyors to calculate elevations without physically moving to the same height.

🔑 Key Elements

- Vertical angle: Measured as upward (+) or downward (−).
- Horizontal distance: Distance between instrument and prism.
- Instrument height and Prism height: Must be carefully noted for accuracy.

📐 Example (Without Formula)

Suppose Point A has an elevation of 100.000 m.
- Instrument height = 1.500 m
- Prism height = 1.800 m
- Horizontal distance = 85.000 m
- Vertical angle = +12°30′

After applying the trigonometric process, the calculated height difference is 18.094 m.
Thus, Elevation of Point B = 100.000 + 18.094 = 118.094 m.

⚠️ Common Mistakes

- Ignoring the sign of the angle (positive for upward, negative for downward).
- Misreading instrument or prism height.
- Using poorly calibrated instruments.

✅ Best Practices

- Double-check angles and distances.
- Confirm instrument calibration.
- Review calculations before finalizing.

This technique ensures precision in civil engineering projects, making it a reliable method for determining elevations in the field.

#Surveying
#CivilEngineering #Trigonometry
#Leveling
#Construction

@etconp

📚  Structural Engineer's Pocket book

https://t.me/ETCONpWORK

@etconp

ዜና ዕረፍት😥

በደርግ ዘመነ መንግሥት የተሰሩ ትላልቅ ፕሮጀክቶችን በመምራት የሚታወቁት ኢንጂነር ካሳ ገብሬ ከዚህ አለም በሞት ተለዩ።

ኢንጅነር ካሳ በ92 ዓመት እድሜያቸው ይኖሩበት በነበረው አሜሪካ ሀገር ህይወታቸው ማለፍ ተሰምቷል።

ኢንጂነር ካሳ ገብሬ ከኢትዮጵያ ህንፃ ኮሌጅ በሲቪል ምህንድስና ካናዳ ሀገር በሚገኘው የብሪቲሽ ኮሎምቢያ ዩኒቨርሲቲ የአንድ ዓመት የድህረ ምረቃ ትምህርታቸውን መከታተላቸውን የህይወት ታሪካቸው ያስረዳል።

በትምህርት ሚኒስቴር በዋና መሃንዲስነት፣ በቤቶችና ከተማ ልማት ሚኒስቴር ሚኒስትርነት፣ በኤርትራ የጠቅላይ ግዛቱ ዋና መሃንዲስ፣ በሕንጻ ኮንስትራክሽን ሚኒስትርነት እና በተለያዩ ከፍተኛ የመንግሥት ኃላፊነቶች እስከ ደርግ ስርዓት ማብቃት ድርስ አገልግለዋል። 

ኢንጂነር ካሳ በደርግ ስርዓት ወቅት የተሰሩ ትላልቅ ፕሮጀክቶችንም መርተዋል።

በሶማሌ ወረራ ጦርነት ወቅት ህዝባዊ ሠራዊት የሰለጠንበትን የታጠቅ ጦር ሜዳ ግንባታ  በአጭር ጊዜ ውስጥ ማዘጋጀታቸው  ከሚጠቀስላቸው ስራዎቻቸው መከከል ይገኝበታል።

የጀግኖችና ህፃናት አምባ ምስረታዎች ወቅት የግንባታ ዘርፉን መርተዋል።

የጣና በለስ ግድብ፣ የቀይ መስቀል ሕንጻ፣ ዋቢ ሸበሌ ሆቴል፣ ፍልውሃ ሕንጻዎች፣ አክሱም ጽዮን ቤተክርስቲያን፣ በርካታ የከተማ ፕላኖችና ድልድዮች ከታላላቅ ሥራዎቻቸው መካከል ይጠቀሳሉ።

በዚህም ጉልህ አስተዋጿቸው ለዘመናዊቷ ኢትዮጵያ ግንባታ ከመሠረት ጣዮች መካከል አንዱ ተደርገውም ይነሳሉ።

አገሪቷ ከፍተኛ የድርቅ አደጋ ውስጥ በገባችበት ወቅትም ዜጎችን ድርቅ ካለበት ወደ ድርቅ ወደሌለበት አካባቢ በማዛወር ከእልቂትና ከረሃብ አደጋ በመታደግ ትልቅ ሰብዓዊ አስተዋፅኦ ማበርከታቸውምን የህይወት ታሪካቸው ያስረዳል።

አቶ ካሳ ገብሬ የሁለት ወንዶች እና የሁለት ሴቶች ልጆች አባትም ነበሩ።  

በ 92 ዓመት እድሜያቸው ዛሬ ከዚህ ዓለም በሞት የተለዩት ኢንጂነር ካሳ ገብሬ የቀብር ስነስርዓታቸው በአሜሪካን ሀገር ዋሺንግተን ዲሲ በሚገኘው ደብረ ኃይል ቅዱስ ገብርኤል ካቴድራል፣ ሰኞ ግንቦት 24 ቀን 2018 ዓም፣ በአገሩ ሰዓት አቆጣጠር ከጠዋቱ በ 3:30 ሰዓት የሚፈፀም ሲሆን በአዲስ አበባ የመታሰቢያ መርሃግብር በቀጣይ ቀናት ይደረግላቸዋል ተብሏል።

@etconp ለመላው ቤተሰቦቻቸው፣ ለወዳጅ ዘመዶቻቸው መፅናናትን እንመኛለን🙏


@etconp

👉 INTERCON Construction Chemicals 

● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat
● Concrete Repair Mortar
● Floor hardener, Epoxy
● Grout, Self-level mortar
● Quartz paint, Contextra
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
● Geotextiles and other construction chemicals and materials

☎️ Tel: 0961955555

🔹 Address 1: Signal road, around
Dinberwa Hospital

🔹 Addres 2: Wellosefer, Infront of
Dani Plaza

👉Contour lines are one of the most fundamental tools in topographic mapping and civil engineering because they transform the three‑dimensional shape of the land into a two‑dimensional representation that can be analyzed, designed upon, and interpreted.

They are essentially imaginary lines connecting points of equal elevation, which means every point along a contour line sits at the same height above a reference level, usually mean sea level.

🔑 Key Details

- Non‑crossing lines: Contour lines never intersect because a single point cannot have two different elevations.
- Closed loops: Hills and depressions are represented by loops; the difference lies in whether the elevation increases or decreases toward the center.
- Slope steepness: The spacing between lines indicates gradient — closer lines mean steeper terrain, wider spacing means gentler slopes.
- Index contours: Bold lines drawn at regular intervals help quickly identify elevation levels.
- Valleys vs ridges: A “V” shape pointing upstream indicates a valley, while pointing downstream indicates a ridge.

📐 Applications

- Road design: Engineers use contour maps to plan routes that minimize steep gradients.
- Earthwork calculation: Essential for estimating cut and fill volumes in construction.
- Drainage & watersheds: Contours help identify water flow paths and catchment areas.
- Urban planning: Guides zoning, land use, and infrastructure placement.
- Civil works: Used in designing dams, canals, and other structural projects.

🛠️ Tools for Contour Mapping

- Total Station
- GPS Receiver
- Automatic Level
- Drone Photogrammetry
- Topographic Software

🌍 Field Tips

- Always verify contour interval consistency.
- Use control points for accuracy.
- Match the map scale to project requirements.
- Field validation prevents costly design errors.

Contour lines are more than just symbols on a map — they are the language of the land, allowing engineers, geographers, and planners to visualize terrain, anticipate challenges, and design solutions that respect natural topography.

#Topography
#CivilEngineering #ContourLines
#Mapping
#Surveying

@etconp