👉What Does A Construction Manager Do?
PART 1
▶️A Construction Manager must ensure a project is completed safely, making sure the project runs on time and within the allocated budget allowance.
They typically come into the process quite early on in the project so they can help the client with preliminary planning. They also help with aspects such as selecting an architect and contractor.
.
▶️Duties of a Construction Manager
**The typical functions of a construction manager include:
1. : This involves planning
the entire project and documenting all the jobs that must be completed. It helps allow for budgeting and access to materials that are required Project Management Planning
2. : The expenses of each project must
be efficiently managed throughout the process to ensure
for adjustments for unexpected issues or difficulties Cost Management
3. : A construction manager must
make sure that the contractors employed for the project are completing it to a high-quality standard. Monitoring the process, costs and quality is all highly critical Quality Management
4. : Extensive contracts with the
client are all part of the project construction process.
The contract provisions must be being met to ensure that all parties involved are satisfied Contract Administration
5. : As a construction site can be a
dangerous place with many safety hazards, the building manager must ensure that correct processes are in place to make sure there are no accidents.
The construction manager needs to ensure that the work meets all the legal requirements and Building Regulations
Safety Management Responsibility of Construction Manage
.
👉Who They Manage and How
Construction managers will be responsible for managing individuals in various roles appropriate for the project. Before
any of the actual building work can take place, the plans
must be discussed with the architect, surveyors and buyers.
These types of managers will be required to hire the relevant
staff needed to complete the project to the client’s standard. It is important that all these members of staff are
managed effectively so that the plans for the project can be
fully understood and developed. The construction manager
will need to hire and organise various contractors and
suppliers, and coordinate the subcontractor’s activities.
:
👉What Skills/Qualifications Are Required?
1. Construction managers have an obligation to
communicate with many different people. Therefore,
are essential. people skills
2. Construction managers must be able to their
team to ensure the project is completed to a high quality
motivate
3. Construction Managers need to be
to overcome any obstacles they may face in the
process. creative in problem- solving
4. Having excellent are
also important so that the project can be both effectively
and efficiently plan to run according to schedule
organisational and planning skills
5. are essential. They will need to have
in-depth knowledge of different building methods and
project management computer software. They need
these core competencies to plan the project and keep the
information and finances updated.
Maths and IT skills
6. An of health and safety is fundamental to
maintain a safe work environment.
awareness To become a construction manager, HNC/HND, a foundation degree, or degree in a related area is usually required.
.
▶️What to Expect as a Construction Manager
1. Construction managers are typically employed by
building companies or specialist subcontractors
2. Will be responsible for running all or part of a
construction site
3. Primary person to contact for sub-contractors and public
4. Senior construction managers will often oversee several
projects at once
5. Project meetings must take place at various intervals to
discuss the progress of the project and any issues or
concerns
6. Diaries and daily logs are kept to keep track of activities
taking place on each job site
@etconp
PART 1
▶️A Construction Manager must ensure a project is completed safely, making sure the project runs on time and within the allocated budget allowance.
They typically come into the process quite early on in the project so they can help the client with preliminary planning. They also help with aspects such as selecting an architect and contractor.
.
▶️Duties of a Construction Manager
**The typical functions of a construction manager include:
1. : This involves planning
the entire project and documenting all the jobs that must be completed. It helps allow for budgeting and access to materials that are required Project Management Planning
2. : The expenses of each project must
be efficiently managed throughout the process to ensure
for adjustments for unexpected issues or difficulties Cost Management
3. : A construction manager must
make sure that the contractors employed for the project are completing it to a high-quality standard. Monitoring the process, costs and quality is all highly critical Quality Management
4. : Extensive contracts with the
client are all part of the project construction process.
The contract provisions must be being met to ensure that all parties involved are satisfied Contract Administration
5. : As a construction site can be a
dangerous place with many safety hazards, the building manager must ensure that correct processes are in place to make sure there are no accidents.
The construction manager needs to ensure that the work meets all the legal requirements and Building Regulations
Safety Management Responsibility of Construction Manage
.
👉Who They Manage and How
Construction managers will be responsible for managing individuals in various roles appropriate for the project. Before
any of the actual building work can take place, the plans
must be discussed with the architect, surveyors and buyers.
These types of managers will be required to hire the relevant
staff needed to complete the project to the client’s standard. It is important that all these members of staff are
managed effectively so that the plans for the project can be
fully understood and developed. The construction manager
will need to hire and organise various contractors and
suppliers, and coordinate the subcontractor’s activities.
:
👉What Skills/Qualifications Are Required?
1. Construction managers have an obligation to
communicate with many different people. Therefore,
are essential. people skills
2. Construction managers must be able to their
team to ensure the project is completed to a high quality
motivate
3. Construction Managers need to be
to overcome any obstacles they may face in the
process. creative in problem- solving
4. Having excellent are
also important so that the project can be both effectively
and efficiently plan to run according to schedule
organisational and planning skills
5. are essential. They will need to have
in-depth knowledge of different building methods and
project management computer software. They need
these core competencies to plan the project and keep the
information and finances updated.
Maths and IT skills
6. An of health and safety is fundamental to
maintain a safe work environment.
awareness To become a construction manager, HNC/HND, a foundation degree, or degree in a related area is usually required.
.
▶️What to Expect as a Construction Manager
1. Construction managers are typically employed by
building companies or specialist subcontractors
2. Will be responsible for running all or part of a
construction site
3. Primary person to contact for sub-contractors and public
4. Senior construction managers will often oversee several
projects at once
5. Project meetings must take place at various intervals to
discuss the progress of the project and any issues or
concerns
6. Diaries and daily logs are kept to keep track of activities
taking place on each job site
@etconp
👍15❤2
🫵ETCONp TODAY TIP
👉Interview Questions!
🌟Here is the list of the most commonly asked questions during the interviews.
🚧Hope this helps most of you
1. Introduce yourself?
2. What are your career preferences?
3. How much salary you are expecting?
4. What is your plan regarding continuing your education?
5. Tell us about your hobbies?
6. What are your strengths & weaknesses?
7. Are you ready to work in a team?
8. Can you work in stress?
9. What good things you liked in your ex-boss?
10. How do you feel working on weekend?
11. Define success?
12. How good your communication is?
13. Where do you see yourself in next 2 years?
14. You like trying new things or stay with old ones?
15. Why you have applied for this position?
16. Tell us about your family?
17. Areas where you can revamp your skills?
18. What if you are not selected for this position?
19. What makes you feel that you are the best candidate for this position?
20. What you preferred, money or work?
21. Tell us about your subjects?
23. What is your greatest strength?
24. What are you looking for in a job?
25. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?
26. What is more important to you: the money or the work?
27. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.
28. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?
29. What motivates you to do your best on the job?
30. Describe your management style.
31. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?
32. Describe your work ethic.
33.What qualities do you look for in a boss?
34.What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?
35. Do you have any questions for me?
@etconp
👉Interview Questions!
🌟Here is the list of the most commonly asked questions during the interviews.
🚧Hope this helps most of you
1. Introduce yourself?
2. What are your career preferences?
3. How much salary you are expecting?
4. What is your plan regarding continuing your education?
5. Tell us about your hobbies?
6. What are your strengths & weaknesses?
7. Are you ready to work in a team?
8. Can you work in stress?
9. What good things you liked in your ex-boss?
10. How do you feel working on weekend?
11. Define success?
12. How good your communication is?
13. Where do you see yourself in next 2 years?
14. You like trying new things or stay with old ones?
15. Why you have applied for this position?
16. Tell us about your family?
17. Areas where you can revamp your skills?
18. What if you are not selected for this position?
19. What makes you feel that you are the best candidate for this position?
20. What you preferred, money or work?
21. Tell us about your subjects?
23. What is your greatest strength?
24. What are you looking for in a job?
25. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?
26. What is more important to you: the money or the work?
27. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.
28. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?
29. What motivates you to do your best on the job?
30. Describe your management style.
31. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?
32. Describe your work ethic.
33.What qualities do you look for in a boss?
34.What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?
35. Do you have any questions for me?
@etconp
🙏14👍7❤5
👉The first goal of accurate estimating and bidding system.
🚧This is to insure you know and track job labor, equipment, material and subcontractor costs.
🤔Ask yourself these questions as you think about preparing your next bid:
• 📌Do you know and track job costs?
• 📌Do you recap final costs versus the estimate?
• 📌Do your field timecards reflect the real costs per work item?
• 📌Does your accounting system give timely job cost reports?
• 📌Will your estimate produce accurate costs?
• 📌Do you keep track of labor costs?
• 📌Do you have a cost history library?
• 📌Do you feel confident in your costs?
• 📌Are your general conditions costs accurate?
• 📌Is your labor burden rate correct?
• 📌Is your crew bidding rate accurate?
• 📌Are your equipment rates accurate?
• 📌Is your overhead markup sufficient to recover your overhead?
• 📌Is your profit markup enough to give you a proper return?
What's your estimator's No. 1 priority? When I speak at conferences or conventions, I get many responses to this question. They include the following:
• 📌Bid lots of jobs
• 📌Get lots of work
• 📌Maximize sub-bid coverage
• 📌Be competitive
• 📌Know what things cost
• 📌Make a profit
The #top_priority for my #estimator is to arrive at #accurate job costs.
I don't want our bid to be an estimate of what a job might cost, plus or minus 10 percent.
Estimating accuracy is a key to long-term construction business success.
The only variable on any bid should be the #profit mark-up. Excellent and experienced estimators know what things cost.
In my opinion, their estimating goal must be to prepare bid estimates within 1 or 2 percent of the final actual cost on every job. Good estimators continually compare their #past_bids to the final job cost results to see how accurate they were.
Then they make adjustments accordingly for their next bids. They are in constant contact with the field superintendents and foremen to review how they arrive at estimated costs.
✅They continually review labor, material, equipment, subcontractor and supplier costs to insure they know every possibility for differences in the jobs they bid.
✤┈┈┈┈┈••✦ ✦••┈┈┈┈┈✤
✨💫 @etconp ✨💫
🚧This is to insure you know and track job labor, equipment, material and subcontractor costs.
🤔Ask yourself these questions as you think about preparing your next bid:
• 📌Do you know and track job costs?
• 📌Do you recap final costs versus the estimate?
• 📌Do your field timecards reflect the real costs per work item?
• 📌Does your accounting system give timely job cost reports?
• 📌Will your estimate produce accurate costs?
• 📌Do you keep track of labor costs?
• 📌Do you have a cost history library?
• 📌Do you feel confident in your costs?
• 📌Are your general conditions costs accurate?
• 📌Is your labor burden rate correct?
• 📌Is your crew bidding rate accurate?
• 📌Are your equipment rates accurate?
• 📌Is your overhead markup sufficient to recover your overhead?
• 📌Is your profit markup enough to give you a proper return?
What's your estimator's No. 1 priority? When I speak at conferences or conventions, I get many responses to this question. They include the following:
• 📌Bid lots of jobs
• 📌Get lots of work
• 📌Maximize sub-bid coverage
• 📌Be competitive
• 📌Know what things cost
• 📌Make a profit
The #top_priority for my #estimator is to arrive at #accurate job costs.
I don't want our bid to be an estimate of what a job might cost, plus or minus 10 percent.
Estimating accuracy is a key to long-term construction business success.
The only variable on any bid should be the #profit mark-up. Excellent and experienced estimators know what things cost.
In my opinion, their estimating goal must be to prepare bid estimates within 1 or 2 percent of the final actual cost on every job. Good estimators continually compare their #past_bids to the final job cost results to see how accurate they were.
Then they make adjustments accordingly for their next bids. They are in constant contact with the field superintendents and foremen to review how they arrive at estimated costs.
✅They continually review labor, material, equipment, subcontractor and supplier costs to insure they know every possibility for differences in the jobs they bid.
✤┈┈┈┈┈••✦ ✦••┈┈┈┈┈✤
✨💫 @etconp ✨💫
❤8👍6😢1🙏1
👉Accurate Estimating Rules
1. 📌Every estimate covers your job costs.✨💫
🚧Your estimating goal is to calculate the ACCURATE final cost of building each project you bid.
▶️Estimates should not include any "fat," "fudge factor" or "slop" to cover unknowns. A perfect estimate equals your actual cost of doing the work.
⏺Can you cut your costs? No, unless your crew leaves something out or gets creative during the installation process.
2. 📌Your estimate is the total cost.
🚧Estimating is arriving at the total job cost. To arrive at accurate costs, the estimator is responsible for knowing what things cost. They must review final job costs and update their cost history library on an ongoing basis.
3. Your bid is the total contract amount.
🚧A bid is the sum of accurate estimated job costs, plus your overhead recovery markup, plus your profit markup to hit your company goals. You job costs shouldn't vary from the estimate.
▶️Your overhead is the amount required to recover the cost of doing business. Can you cut your costs or overhead? Both job and overhead costs can't be cut when you are preparing bids as these are fixed amounts.
⏺The only bid variable is profit. Profit is the reward for taking business risks and should be adjusted based on project risks.
4. 📌Contracts are opportunities!
🚧When you are awarded a job you have an opportunity to get paid for job costs to cover labor, equipment, material and subcontractors.
▶️Then you have an additional opportunity to make some money, only and after you recover your overhead. Your overhead is a set amount determined by your fixed cost of doing business. Your overhead includes all of your general and administrative costs and goes on with or without any jobs under construction. Each job must pay its pro-rata share of your annual overhead budget.
▶️Many times I listen to construction business owners lament over how they can't get enough markup to make a profit, or they complain they bid work and it comes in costing more than they figured, or they never have enough money to pay themselves a good salary. The problem is simple. Basic business math must be understood.
❗️Volume - Job Cost - Overhead = Profit
▶️You can cover your job costs on every job, but not have enough left over to recover your overhead or make a profit. This usually happens to contractors who don't understand business fundamentals. You don't make a profit until all of your annual job costs are paid for plus you pay back all of your overhead costs for the year.
▶️Most companies don't cover their overhead costs until October or November and don't make a profit until December. Just because you have money in the bank doesn't mean you are profitable.
▶️When you increase overhead by hiring an estimator or bookkeeper, your choices are simple: raise markup or increase sales volume.
✅If your volume or markup decreases in a softening market, your only choice is to cut overhead or increase sales. When job costs increase, you're in trouble as your only choice is more sales. Most owners mistakenly focus on cutting costs instead of increasing revenue when things go bad.
✤┈┈┈┈┈••✦ ✦••┈┈┈┈┈✤
✨💫 @etconp ✨💫
1. 📌Every estimate covers your job costs.✨💫
🚧Your estimating goal is to calculate the ACCURATE final cost of building each project you bid.
▶️Estimates should not include any "fat," "fudge factor" or "slop" to cover unknowns. A perfect estimate equals your actual cost of doing the work.
⏺Can you cut your costs? No, unless your crew leaves something out or gets creative during the installation process.
2. 📌Your estimate is the total cost.
🚧Estimating is arriving at the total job cost. To arrive at accurate costs, the estimator is responsible for knowing what things cost. They must review final job costs and update their cost history library on an ongoing basis.
3. Your bid is the total contract amount.
🚧A bid is the sum of accurate estimated job costs, plus your overhead recovery markup, plus your profit markup to hit your company goals. You job costs shouldn't vary from the estimate.
▶️Your overhead is the amount required to recover the cost of doing business. Can you cut your costs or overhead? Both job and overhead costs can't be cut when you are preparing bids as these are fixed amounts.
⏺The only bid variable is profit. Profit is the reward for taking business risks and should be adjusted based on project risks.
4. 📌Contracts are opportunities!
🚧When you are awarded a job you have an opportunity to get paid for job costs to cover labor, equipment, material and subcontractors.
▶️Then you have an additional opportunity to make some money, only and after you recover your overhead. Your overhead is a set amount determined by your fixed cost of doing business. Your overhead includes all of your general and administrative costs and goes on with or without any jobs under construction. Each job must pay its pro-rata share of your annual overhead budget.
▶️Many times I listen to construction business owners lament over how they can't get enough markup to make a profit, or they complain they bid work and it comes in costing more than they figured, or they never have enough money to pay themselves a good salary. The problem is simple. Basic business math must be understood.
❗️Volume - Job Cost - Overhead = Profit
▶️You can cover your job costs on every job, but not have enough left over to recover your overhead or make a profit. This usually happens to contractors who don't understand business fundamentals. You don't make a profit until all of your annual job costs are paid for plus you pay back all of your overhead costs for the year.
▶️Most companies don't cover their overhead costs until October or November and don't make a profit until December. Just because you have money in the bank doesn't mean you are profitable.
▶️When you increase overhead by hiring an estimator or bookkeeper, your choices are simple: raise markup or increase sales volume.
✅If your volume or markup decreases in a softening market, your only choice is to cut overhead or increase sales. When job costs increase, you're in trouble as your only choice is more sales. Most owners mistakenly focus on cutting costs instead of increasing revenue when things go bad.
✤┈┈┈┈┈••✦ ✦••┈┈┈┈┈✤
✨💫 @etconp ✨💫
👍7👌2
ይህ ምትመለከቱት ህንፃ አየርጤና አካባቢ የሚገኝ ሲሆን ወሰኑን በመጣስ ከ አመታት በፊት እንዲህ ወጣ ብሎ ሰርቶ ነበር ዛሬ አጎራባች ህንፃ ሲሰራ እንዲ የመቦርቦር እጣ ደርሶበታል።
ዲዛይን ስታረጉ ማስታወስ ያለባችሁ ህግ
1. መስኮት ስታበጁ ከ አጎራባች 2 ሜትር ገባ
በሉ
2. ለ ሽንትቤት ከ 60 ሳንቲም በታች የሆነ መስኮት ስታበጁ 1.5 ሜትር ገባ በሉ
This building is located around ayertena years ago the building projected it’s boundary line outside and now the neighboring building had to demolish some part of the building component
Here is some tips you need to remember designing in Addis Ababa
1. To provide a window you need to
offset 2 meter from your boundary line
2. To provide bathroom window <60 cm you need to offset 1.5 meters
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Telegram:- https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
ዲዛይን ስታረጉ ማስታወስ ያለባችሁ ህግ
1. መስኮት ስታበጁ ከ አጎራባች 2 ሜትር ገባ
በሉ
2. ለ ሽንትቤት ከ 60 ሳንቲም በታች የሆነ መስኮት ስታበጁ 1.5 ሜትር ገባ በሉ
This building is located around ayertena years ago the building projected it’s boundary line outside and now the neighboring building had to demolish some part of the building component
Here is some tips you need to remember designing in Addis Ababa
1. To provide a window you need to
offset 2 meter from your boundary line
2. To provide bathroom window <60 cm you need to offset 1.5 meters
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Telegram:- https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
👍8❤3🏆2
👉ኢስተርን ኮርፖሬሽን በኢትዮጵያ በተመጣጣኝ ዋጋ ቤቶችን መገንባት እንደሚፈልግ ገለጸ
የአሜሪካው ኢስተርን ኮርፖሬሽን በኢትዮጵያ ተመጣጣኝ ዋጋ ያላቸው ቤቶችን ለመገንባትና በማኑፋክቸሪንግ ዘርፍ ለመሰማራት ፍላጎት እንዳለው ገልጿል፡፡
በኢንዱስትሪ ፓርኮች ልማት ኮርፖሬሽን የትራንስፎርሜሽንና ዋና ስራ አስፈፃሚ ጽ/ቤት ኃላፊ አቶ ፍፁም ከተማ ከኩባንያው ዋና ስራ አስፈጻሚ ዴቪድ ሃም እና ልዑካቸው ጋር ተወያይተዋል።
አቶ ፍፁም÷ ኢስተርን ኮርፖሬሽን በቂሊንጦ ኢንዱስትሪ ፓርክ ኢንቨስት ለማድረግና ተመጣጣኝ ዋጋ ያላቸውን የጋራ መኖሪያ ቤቶች ለመገንባት ያሳየውን ከፍተኛ ፍላጎት አድንቀዋል።
ኮርፖሬሽኑ በኢንዱስትሪ ፓርኮች ያለውን የውጭ ኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰት በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ ለመጨመርና የሰራተኛውን ምቹ ሁኔታ ለመጠበቅ የሚያግዙ ስራዎች እያከናወነ መሆኑን አንስተዋል፡፡
ኩባንያው ወደ ስራ እንዲገባ አስፈላጊውን ድጋፍና ክትትል የማድረግ ስራዎች ተጠናክረው እንደሚቀጥሉም አረጋግጠዋል፡፡
የኢስተርን ኩባንያ ዋና ስራ አስፈጻሚ ዴቪድ ሃም በበኩላቸው÷ ኩባንያቸው በአሜሪካ በተለያዩ ግንባታዎች ላይ ያካበተውን ልምድ በኢትዮጵያ ለማስፋፋት ማቀዱን ተናግረዋል፡፡
ኩባንያው በቂሊንጦ ኢንዱስትሪ ፓርክ መዋዕለ ንዋይ በማፍሰስ በዘርፉ የራሱን አስተዋጽኦ ለማበርከት ፍላጎት እንዳለው ነው የገለጹት፡፡
ኢስተርን ኩባንያ በአሜሪካ በኮንስትራክሽን ዘርፍ ከ25 ዓመታት በላይ በቤቶች ግንባታ እንዲሁም በፕሮጀክት ማስተዳደር ዘርፍ የካበተ ልምድ ያለው መሆኑን የኮርፖሬሽኑ መረጃ ያመላክታል፡፡
Via FBC
@etconp
የአሜሪካው ኢስተርን ኮርፖሬሽን በኢትዮጵያ ተመጣጣኝ ዋጋ ያላቸው ቤቶችን ለመገንባትና በማኑፋክቸሪንግ ዘርፍ ለመሰማራት ፍላጎት እንዳለው ገልጿል፡፡
በኢንዱስትሪ ፓርኮች ልማት ኮርፖሬሽን የትራንስፎርሜሽንና ዋና ስራ አስፈፃሚ ጽ/ቤት ኃላፊ አቶ ፍፁም ከተማ ከኩባንያው ዋና ስራ አስፈጻሚ ዴቪድ ሃም እና ልዑካቸው ጋር ተወያይተዋል።
አቶ ፍፁም÷ ኢስተርን ኮርፖሬሽን በቂሊንጦ ኢንዱስትሪ ፓርክ ኢንቨስት ለማድረግና ተመጣጣኝ ዋጋ ያላቸውን የጋራ መኖሪያ ቤቶች ለመገንባት ያሳየውን ከፍተኛ ፍላጎት አድንቀዋል።
ኮርፖሬሽኑ በኢንዱስትሪ ፓርኮች ያለውን የውጭ ኢንቨስትመንት ፍሰት በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ ለመጨመርና የሰራተኛውን ምቹ ሁኔታ ለመጠበቅ የሚያግዙ ስራዎች እያከናወነ መሆኑን አንስተዋል፡፡
ኩባንያው ወደ ስራ እንዲገባ አስፈላጊውን ድጋፍና ክትትል የማድረግ ስራዎች ተጠናክረው እንደሚቀጥሉም አረጋግጠዋል፡፡
የኢስተርን ኩባንያ ዋና ስራ አስፈጻሚ ዴቪድ ሃም በበኩላቸው÷ ኩባንያቸው በአሜሪካ በተለያዩ ግንባታዎች ላይ ያካበተውን ልምድ በኢትዮጵያ ለማስፋፋት ማቀዱን ተናግረዋል፡፡
ኩባንያው በቂሊንጦ ኢንዱስትሪ ፓርክ መዋዕለ ንዋይ በማፍሰስ በዘርፉ የራሱን አስተዋጽኦ ለማበርከት ፍላጎት እንዳለው ነው የገለጹት፡፡
ኢስተርን ኩባንያ በአሜሪካ በኮንስትራክሽን ዘርፍ ከ25 ዓመታት በላይ በቤቶች ግንባታ እንዲሁም በፕሮጀክት ማስተዳደር ዘርፍ የካበተ ልምድ ያለው መሆኑን የኮርፖሬሽኑ መረጃ ያመላክታል፡፡
Via FBC
@etconp
👍14❤1
👉Accurate Estimating
1. 📌Accurate Time Cards-Excellent estimators know accurate estimating starts with accurate information from the crews who actually do the work.
#Step_one is to insist your timecard is divided into the cost codes you want to estimate with. Then, it's the #estimator's responsibility to insure field workers are filling out timecards correctly.
2. 📌Accurate #Labor Burden Rate-Do you know how your labor burden rate is calculated? Is it accurate or an approximation of what your #accounting department thinks it should be? An accurate labor burden rate is essential for accurate estimating.
If your rate is padded, you are too expensive, and if it's not complete you'll bid too cheap. Review it for accuracy and include taxes, workers' compensation, medical, liability insurance, vacation, union dues, safety training, small tools, overtime and down-time.
3. 📌Accurate #Crew Bid Rate-Excellent estimators use different crew rates to bid different projects based on what the job needs.
A crew on a difficult job needs more experienced people, while a larger simple project can use less trained crew members. Figure different crew sizes and make-ups to determine your accurate man-hour crew bid rate.
I like to calculate #bid rates for two-, three-, five-, ten-, and twenty-men crews. You will find your bid rate varies considerably for different crews.
4. 📌Accurate #Equipment Rates-Excellent estimators know what equipment really costs. Calculate the cost for each piece of equipment your company uses.
✅Total the purchase price, interest, maintenance, gas and insurance over the life of the equipment. Divide this total cost by the expected number of billable hours to arrive at you accurate cost per hour.
5. 📌Accurate #General #Conditions-Most estimators either guess at the actual costs of job start-up, managing, supervising, temporary facilities and closing out projects, or they use a percentage to figure general conditions.
And, the unit prices they use are often #outdated and inaccurate. Most of the time general conditions can vary from month to month.
#Accurate estimating must include a review of what your #general_conditions really cost and then a budget based on input from the field.
6. 📌Accurate #Overhead-Your company overhead is a fixed (not a percentage) amount. Divide your total #projected_annual overhead by your total projected annual job costs (not sales volume).
This percentage will equal the actual overhead recovery markup to use.
Example: 800,000 Birr projected #annual_overhead divided by 5,000,000 Birr projected annual job costs equals 16 percent #markup for overhead recovery.
Don't get trapped into thinking you can use an industry average such as 10 percent or 15 percent to cover your overhead costs.
7. 📌Accurate #Profit MarkUp-Profit markup is 👉🏾not determined by what you can get.
It is a fixed amount of what you want. ❗️To determine the profit markup required to hit your goal, divide your total annual projected costs by your annual profit goal to determine markup.
🖍Example: 400,000 Birr annual profit goal divided by 5 million Birr projected annual job costs equals 8 percent markup to hit your profit goal.
If you can't achieve 8 percent profit markup in your market, your only solution is to adjust your volume up and your markup down until you hit your 400,000 Birr profit target.
✅Want to make lots of money? Make your bid more than a "guestimate." Make each estimate an exact prediction of what it will take to build every project.
Install accurate estimating systems and controls and watch your #bottom-line results improve significantly.
@etconp
1. 📌Accurate Time Cards-Excellent estimators know accurate estimating starts with accurate information from the crews who actually do the work.
#Step_one is to insist your timecard is divided into the cost codes you want to estimate with. Then, it's the #estimator's responsibility to insure field workers are filling out timecards correctly.
2. 📌Accurate #Labor Burden Rate-Do you know how your labor burden rate is calculated? Is it accurate or an approximation of what your #accounting department thinks it should be? An accurate labor burden rate is essential for accurate estimating.
If your rate is padded, you are too expensive, and if it's not complete you'll bid too cheap. Review it for accuracy and include taxes, workers' compensation, medical, liability insurance, vacation, union dues, safety training, small tools, overtime and down-time.
3. 📌Accurate #Crew Bid Rate-Excellent estimators use different crew rates to bid different projects based on what the job needs.
A crew on a difficult job needs more experienced people, while a larger simple project can use less trained crew members. Figure different crew sizes and make-ups to determine your accurate man-hour crew bid rate.
I like to calculate #bid rates for two-, three-, five-, ten-, and twenty-men crews. You will find your bid rate varies considerably for different crews.
4. 📌Accurate #Equipment Rates-Excellent estimators know what equipment really costs. Calculate the cost for each piece of equipment your company uses.
✅Total the purchase price, interest, maintenance, gas and insurance over the life of the equipment. Divide this total cost by the expected number of billable hours to arrive at you accurate cost per hour.
5. 📌Accurate #General #Conditions-Most estimators either guess at the actual costs of job start-up, managing, supervising, temporary facilities and closing out projects, or they use a percentage to figure general conditions.
And, the unit prices they use are often #outdated and inaccurate. Most of the time general conditions can vary from month to month.
#Accurate estimating must include a review of what your #general_conditions really cost and then a budget based on input from the field.
6. 📌Accurate #Overhead-Your company overhead is a fixed (not a percentage) amount. Divide your total #projected_annual overhead by your total projected annual job costs (not sales volume).
This percentage will equal the actual overhead recovery markup to use.
Example: 800,000 Birr projected #annual_overhead divided by 5,000,000 Birr projected annual job costs equals 16 percent #markup for overhead recovery.
Don't get trapped into thinking you can use an industry average such as 10 percent or 15 percent to cover your overhead costs.
7. 📌Accurate #Profit MarkUp-Profit markup is 👉🏾not determined by what you can get.
It is a fixed amount of what you want. ❗️To determine the profit markup required to hit your goal, divide your total annual projected costs by your annual profit goal to determine markup.
🖍Example: 400,000 Birr annual profit goal divided by 5 million Birr projected annual job costs equals 8 percent markup to hit your profit goal.
If you can't achieve 8 percent profit markup in your market, your only solution is to adjust your volume up and your markup down until you hit your 400,000 Birr profit target.
✅Want to make lots of money? Make your bid more than a "guestimate." Make each estimate an exact prediction of what it will take to build every project.
Install accurate estimating systems and controls and watch your #bottom-line results improve significantly.
@etconp
👍7
Eccentric Footing
A footing is called eccentric when the centre of gravity
(CG) of the column is NOT in alignment with the centre of gravity (CG) of the footing and the load from the column is not transferred uniformly to the soil. The foundation provided here is called eccentric foundation.
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube :- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Telegram:- https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
A footing is called eccentric when the centre of gravity
(CG) of the column is NOT in alignment with the centre of gravity (CG) of the footing and the load from the column is not transferred uniformly to the soil. The foundation provided here is called eccentric foundation.
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube :- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Telegram:- https://t.me/ETCONpWORK
❤9👍6🙏2
📕 FOUNDATIONS Discussions and
Problem Solving
✍️ THARWAT M. BABAN
SHALLOW
📄 753 pages 📖
Size:- 17.6 MB
The book will be posted on our telegram channel Saturday morning 9am 🕘 (PDF file)
3 ሰዓት ላይ ነገ መፅሀፊን በ ቴሌግራም ገፃችን እንለቅላችሏለን
@etconp
Problem Solving
✍️ THARWAT M. BABAN
SHALLOW
📄 753 pages 📖
Size:- 17.6 MB
The book will be posted on our telegram channel Saturday morning 9am 🕘 (PDF file)
3 ሰዓት ላይ ነገ መፅሀፊን በ ቴሌግራም ገፃችን እንለቅላችሏለን
@etconp
👍11❤2🙏1
Shallow foundation discussion and solving problems @etconp.pdf
16.8 MB
📕 FOUNDATIONS Discussions and
Problem Solving
✍️ THARWAT M. BABAN
SHALLOW
📄 753 pages 📖
Size:- 17.6 MB
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Problem Solving
✍️ THARWAT M. BABAN
SHALLOW
📄 753 pages 📖
Size:- 17.6 MB
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
🙏4👍3❤1
👉በተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች Trial Bridges) ማኑዋል ዙሪያ ውይይት ተካሄደ
🚧ሄልቬታስ ኢትዮጵያ (HELVETAS ETHIOPIA) እና ድልድይ ለብልዕግና (Bridges Prosperity) በተሰኙ መንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ዓለም አቀፉ ድርጅቶች የተዘጋጀና በተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች (Trial Bridges) ማኑዋል ዙሪያ ውይይት ትኩረት ያደረገ ውይይት ተካሄደ፡፡
⏺የውይይት መድረኩ ያስፈለገበት ዋና ምክንያት ከዚህ ቀደም አገልግሎት ላይ ይውል የነበረውን የተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ማኑዋል ማሻሻል በማስፈለጉ ነው ፡፡
▶️ለሁለት ቀናት በሚውለው በዚሁ መድረክ ላይ ከከተማና ልማት ሚኒስተር ፣ ከተለያዩ ዩኒቨርሲቲዎች ፣ ከኢትዮጵያ መንገዶች አስተዳደር ፣ ከተለያዩ ክልሎች ወዘተተረፈ የተውጣጡ ባለድርሻ አካላት የተሳተፉ ሲሆን በተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ዙሪያ የተደረጉ ጥናታዊ ጽሁፎች ቀርበው ውይይት ተካሂዶባቸዋል፡፡
🌟መቀመጫውን በአገረ ስዊዘርላንድ ያደረገው ሄልቬታስ በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ላለፉት 20 ዓመታት በስድስት ክልሎች ማለትም በኦሮሚያ ፣ በአማራ ፣ በማዕከላዊ ደቡብ ፣ በደቡብ ኢትዮጵያ ፣ በሲዳማ እና በሶማሊያ ክልሎች 126 ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮችን ለመገንባት ችሏል፡፡
🫵ለቀጣይ ሶስት ዓመታት በሚቆየው በዚሁ ፕሮግራም ትግበራ በተለያዩ የአገራችን ክፍሎች አንድ መቶ ሃምሳ ( 150 ) ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ተገንብተው ለአንድ ሚሊዮን ሶስት መቶ ሃምሳ ሺ ( 1 350 000 ) ዜጎች አገልግሎት ይሰጣሉ ተብሎ ይገመታል ፡፡
⏺ይህ መንግስታዊ ያልሆነ ድርጀት ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮችን ለመገንባት የሚያስችለውን የመግባቢያ ሰነድ በዚሁ ዓመት ከኢትዮጵያ መንገዶች አስተዳደር ጋር መፈራረሙ ይታወሳል፡፡
Via ERA
@etconp
🚧ሄልቬታስ ኢትዮጵያ (HELVETAS ETHIOPIA) እና ድልድይ ለብልዕግና (Bridges Prosperity) በተሰኙ መንግስታዊ ያልሆኑ ዓለም አቀፉ ድርጅቶች የተዘጋጀና በተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች (Trial Bridges) ማኑዋል ዙሪያ ውይይት ትኩረት ያደረገ ውይይት ተካሄደ፡፡
⏺የውይይት መድረኩ ያስፈለገበት ዋና ምክንያት ከዚህ ቀደም አገልግሎት ላይ ይውል የነበረውን የተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ማኑዋል ማሻሻል በማስፈለጉ ነው ፡፡
▶️ለሁለት ቀናት በሚውለው በዚሁ መድረክ ላይ ከከተማና ልማት ሚኒስተር ፣ ከተለያዩ ዩኒቨርሲቲዎች ፣ ከኢትዮጵያ መንገዶች አስተዳደር ፣ ከተለያዩ ክልሎች ወዘተተረፈ የተውጣጡ ባለድርሻ አካላት የተሳተፉ ሲሆን በተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ዙሪያ የተደረጉ ጥናታዊ ጽሁፎች ቀርበው ውይይት ተካሂዶባቸዋል፡፡
🌟መቀመጫውን በአገረ ስዊዘርላንድ ያደረገው ሄልቬታስ በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ላለፉት 20 ዓመታት በስድስት ክልሎች ማለትም በኦሮሚያ ፣ በአማራ ፣ በማዕከላዊ ደቡብ ፣ በደቡብ ኢትዮጵያ ፣ በሲዳማ እና በሶማሊያ ክልሎች 126 ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮችን ለመገንባት ችሏል፡፡
🫵ለቀጣይ ሶስት ዓመታት በሚቆየው በዚሁ ፕሮግራም ትግበራ በተለያዩ የአገራችን ክፍሎች አንድ መቶ ሃምሳ ( 150 ) ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮች ተገንብተው ለአንድ ሚሊዮን ሶስት መቶ ሃምሳ ሺ ( 1 350 000 ) ዜጎች አገልግሎት ይሰጣሉ ተብሎ ይገመታል ፡፡
⏺ይህ መንግስታዊ ያልሆነ ድርጀት ተንጠልጣይ ድልድዮችን ለመገንባት የሚያስችለውን የመግባቢያ ሰነድ በዚሁ ዓመት ከኢትዮጵያ መንገዶች አስተዳደር ጋር መፈራረሙ ይታወሳል፡፡
Via ERA
@etconp
👍7
Which one of the following is not vertical circulation system of the building
Anonymous Quiz
9%
Elevator 🛗
11%
Escalator
26%
Ramp
54%
Wall
👍13🕊4❤3
The coefficient of permeability of fine sand is 0.012 cm/sec at a voids ratio of 0.57. Estimate the increased permeability using the Kozeny-Carman formula of this same sand when its voids ratio has increased to 0.72.
@etconp
Try it we will post the solution later
ሞክሯት እና solution እንለቃለን
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Sponsor
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
@etconp
Try it we will post the solution later
ሞክሯት እና solution እንለቃለን
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Sponsor
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
❤4👍2
Ethio Construction Engineering
The coefficient of permeability of fine sand is 0.012 cm/sec at a voids ratio of 0.57. Estimate the increased permeability using the Kozeny-Carman formula of this same sand when its voids ratio has increased to 0.72. @etconp Try it we will post the solution…
Solution:
Of course diameter of solid particle is not given as our member said in comment section
Let’s use Kozeny-Carman formula,
k = e³ /(1+e)
▶️ k1/ k2 = 0.012/k2 in this case
k1 = 0.012 and k2 is unknown
Let’s use the formula
K1 = e1³ /(1+e1) እሺ
K2 = e2³ / (1+e2)
k1 = (0.57)³ / (1+ 0.57) = 0.3249
K2 = (0.72)³ / (1+0.72) = 0.21004651
= 0.3249/0.21004651 = 0.544
So k2 = 0.012/0.544= 0.02cm/s
Notice that since k, = 0.012 cm/s the permeability has almost doubled. A 26% increase
of the voids ratio has effected a doubling the permeability.
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Sponsor
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
Of course diameter of solid particle is not given as our member said in comment section
Let’s use Kozeny-Carman formula,
k = e³ /(1+e)
▶️ k1/ k2 = 0.012/k2 in this case
k1 = 0.012 and k2 is unknown
Let’s use the formula
K1 = e1³ /(1+e1) እሺ
K2 = e2³ / (1+e2)
k1 = (0.57)³ / (1+ 0.57) = 0.3249
K2 = (0.72)³ / (1+0.72) = 0.21004651
= 0.3249/0.21004651 = 0.544
So k2 = 0.012/0.544= 0.02cm/s
Notice that since k, = 0.012 cm/s the permeability has almost doubled. A 26% increase
of the voids ratio has effected a doubling the permeability.
@etconp
Facebook:- https://www.facebook.com/etconp/
Instagram:- https://instagram.com/etconp?igshid=NzZhOTFlYzFmZQ==
YouTube:- https://youtube.com/@Etconp432
Sponsor
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
👍7❤2
👉ስለ መሰንጠቅ (cracking )
ብዙ የኮንስትራክሽን ባለሞያዎች መሰንጠቅ በMix design ትክክል አለመሆን ብቻ የሚመጣ ይመስላቸዋል ነገር ግን ለመሰንጠቅ (cracking ) ምክንያት የሚሆኑ መንስኤዎችን ከዚህ በታች እንዲህ ዳስሰናል፦
[1] - አነስተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን ቁሶች የምንጠቀም ከሆነ
አነስተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን ቁሶች የምንጠቀም ከሆነ መሰንጠቅ (cracking ) ይፈጠራል ስለዚህ የምንጠቀማቸውን ለኮንክሪት ግብዓት የሚሆኑ ቁሶችን (ሲሚንቶ፣ አሸዋ፣ ኮረኮንች) ጥራት መፈተሽ አለብን ኮንክሪቱ የብረት መዋቅር (reinforcement ) ያለው ከሆነ የብረቱን ጥራት መገምገም አለብን።
[2] - መኮማተር (Shrinkage )
ኮንክሪቱን በምንደባልቅበት እና ውሃ በምናጠጣበት ግዜ (Curing ) ተገቢውን ጥንቃቄ ካልወሰድን መኮማተር (shrinkage) መሰንጠቅን(cracking) ያስከትላል ።
መኮማተር (shrinkage) ለትልቅ የኮንክሪት ጥንካሬ በጣም አስፈላጊ ነው አስፈላጊውን የውሃ-ሲሚንቶ መመዛዘን (water cement ratio) ካልተጠቀምን በመኮማተር አማካኝነት መሰንጠቅ ሊፈጠር ይችላል ።
[3] - ጥራት ያለው Aggregate የማንጠቀም ከሆነ
Aggregate የኮንክሪትን አጠቃላይ ጥንካሬ ይወስንልናል ጥራቱ ጥሩ ያልሆነ Aggregate የምንጠቀም ከሆነ ከሲሚንቶ ጋር ተፈላጊውን ጥምረት (bond) ስለማይፈጥር ግንባታችን ሊሰነጠቅ ይችላል።
[4] - መዋቅራችን ከአቅም በላይ የሆነ ክብደት ሲያስተናግድ
ግንባታው / መዋቅሩ ተገቢውን ጥንካሬ ሳያገኝ በፊት ለትልቅ ክብደት የሚጋለጥ ከሆነ መሰንጠቅ ይከሰታል። በተጨማሪም መቀሰቻዎችን እና ቅስቱን (formwork ) ያለጊዜው የሚነሳ ከሆነም ግንባታችንን ለስንጣቆ ያጋልጠዋል።
[5] - በትክክል ውሃ እንዲጠጣ የማይደረግ ከሆነ (improper curing )
ይህ በአገራችን ከሚስተዋሉ ለመሰንጠቅ ከሚዳርጉ ምክንያቶች ቀዳሚው ነው - ውሃ በትክክል አለማጠጣት።
ኮንክሪት እንደተገነባ በተገቢው ጊዜ እና መጠን ውሃ ሊጠጣት አለበት።
[6] - የውጥረት ስርጭት (stress distribution ) አለመመጣጠን
በጣም ትልቅ የሆነ የብረት መዋቅርን Mix ratio ትንሽ በሆነ ኮንክሪት የሙሌት ስራ ስንሰራ በብረቱ እና በኮንክሪቱ መካከል ያለ የውጥረት ስርጭት (stress distribution ) non linear ይሆናል ይህ ደግሞ መሰንጠቅን ያስከትላል።
[7] - በሳይት ላይ የሙሌት (casting ) ስራ ሲሰራ ተገቢ ጥንቃቄ ካልተደረገ እና ለስራው ተገቢ የሆነ ባለሞያ (የቀን ሰራተኛን ጨምሮ) ካልተመደበ መሰንጠቅ (cracking) በሚሰራው ኮንክሪት ላይ መፈጠሩ አይቀርም።
እባክዎ ለእርስዎ ካልሆነ ለወዳጅዎ እና
ለጓደኛዎ በቅንነት ያጋሩ
@etconp
ብዙ የኮንስትራክሽን ባለሞያዎች መሰንጠቅ በMix design ትክክል አለመሆን ብቻ የሚመጣ ይመስላቸዋል ነገር ግን ለመሰንጠቅ (cracking ) ምክንያት የሚሆኑ መንስኤዎችን ከዚህ በታች እንዲህ ዳስሰናል፦
[1] - አነስተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን ቁሶች የምንጠቀም ከሆነ
አነስተኛ ጥራት ያላቸውን ቁሶች የምንጠቀም ከሆነ መሰንጠቅ (cracking ) ይፈጠራል ስለዚህ የምንጠቀማቸውን ለኮንክሪት ግብዓት የሚሆኑ ቁሶችን (ሲሚንቶ፣ አሸዋ፣ ኮረኮንች) ጥራት መፈተሽ አለብን ኮንክሪቱ የብረት መዋቅር (reinforcement ) ያለው ከሆነ የብረቱን ጥራት መገምገም አለብን።
[2] - መኮማተር (Shrinkage )
ኮንክሪቱን በምንደባልቅበት እና ውሃ በምናጠጣበት ግዜ (Curing ) ተገቢውን ጥንቃቄ ካልወሰድን መኮማተር (shrinkage) መሰንጠቅን(cracking) ያስከትላል ።
መኮማተር (shrinkage) ለትልቅ የኮንክሪት ጥንካሬ በጣም አስፈላጊ ነው አስፈላጊውን የውሃ-ሲሚንቶ መመዛዘን (water cement ratio) ካልተጠቀምን በመኮማተር አማካኝነት መሰንጠቅ ሊፈጠር ይችላል ።
[3] - ጥራት ያለው Aggregate የማንጠቀም ከሆነ
Aggregate የኮንክሪትን አጠቃላይ ጥንካሬ ይወስንልናል ጥራቱ ጥሩ ያልሆነ Aggregate የምንጠቀም ከሆነ ከሲሚንቶ ጋር ተፈላጊውን ጥምረት (bond) ስለማይፈጥር ግንባታችን ሊሰነጠቅ ይችላል።
[4] - መዋቅራችን ከአቅም በላይ የሆነ ክብደት ሲያስተናግድ
ግንባታው / መዋቅሩ ተገቢውን ጥንካሬ ሳያገኝ በፊት ለትልቅ ክብደት የሚጋለጥ ከሆነ መሰንጠቅ ይከሰታል። በተጨማሪም መቀሰቻዎችን እና ቅስቱን (formwork ) ያለጊዜው የሚነሳ ከሆነም ግንባታችንን ለስንጣቆ ያጋልጠዋል።
[5] - በትክክል ውሃ እንዲጠጣ የማይደረግ ከሆነ (improper curing )
ይህ በአገራችን ከሚስተዋሉ ለመሰንጠቅ ከሚዳርጉ ምክንያቶች ቀዳሚው ነው - ውሃ በትክክል አለማጠጣት።
ኮንክሪት እንደተገነባ በተገቢው ጊዜ እና መጠን ውሃ ሊጠጣት አለበት።
[6] - የውጥረት ስርጭት (stress distribution ) አለመመጣጠን
በጣም ትልቅ የሆነ የብረት መዋቅርን Mix ratio ትንሽ በሆነ ኮንክሪት የሙሌት ስራ ስንሰራ በብረቱ እና በኮንክሪቱ መካከል ያለ የውጥረት ስርጭት (stress distribution ) non linear ይሆናል ይህ ደግሞ መሰንጠቅን ያስከትላል።
[7] - በሳይት ላይ የሙሌት (casting ) ስራ ሲሰራ ተገቢ ጥንቃቄ ካልተደረገ እና ለስራው ተገቢ የሆነ ባለሞያ (የቀን ሰራተኛን ጨምሮ) ካልተመደበ መሰንጠቅ (cracking) በሚሰራው ኮንክሪት ላይ መፈጠሩ አይቀርም።
እባክዎ ለእርስዎ ካልሆነ ለወዳጅዎ እና
ለጓደኛዎ በቅንነት ያጋሩ
@etconp
👍17🥰5🙏3❤1
Ethio Construction Engineering
Solution: Of course diameter of solid particle is not given as our member said in comment section Let’s use Kozeny-Carman formula, k = e³ /(1+e) ▶️ k1/ k2 = 0.012/k2 in this case k1 = 0.012 and k2 is unknown Let’s use the formula K1 = e1³ /(1+e1)…
The end support of bridge is called _______.
Anonymous Quiz
20%
Pier
12%
Pillar
63%
Abutment
5%
Approach road
👍15❤1
What type of beam is bracing the pads ?
Comment down below
@etconp
SPONSOR
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
Comment down below
@etconp
SPONSOR
ELEGAS ENGINEERING PLC
📞 +251 971 71 71 71
📞 +251 994 69 69 69
Website:- www.elegas.com.tr
Email:- ethiopia@elegas.com.tr
👍3❤2
👉9 things That we believe Construction engineer should have👇
🚧1. PPE – Personal Protective Equipment (Boots, Hard Hat, Safety Glasses, Ear Plugs, and Safety Vest)
➡️There is not much to say here that is not abundantly obvious.
➡️Having all of this equipment is standard on construction sites.
➡️Make yourself visible and make yourself safe.
➡️Construction sites can be dangerous places.
➡️Engineers are used to following codes Follow OSHA rules and set a good example.
🚧2. Gloves
➡️Helpful in the cold weather, they are also good to keep your hands clean and safe.
➡️You may be asked to go into old basements that may have had oil spills, sewage backups, mold, or other nasty items.
🚧3. Tape Measure
➡️We use this one on virtually every site visit we make.
➡️Good for checking rebar size and spacing.
➡️Measuring floor joist depths or spans.
➡️Get a good one that can cantilever a long distance without someone holding the other end.
➡️You’ll be by yourself more than you think.
🚧4. Cameras and Photo Reference Car
➡️Take more photos than you think you will need.
➡️Data storage is cheap. ➡️Driving back out to job site for a missed photo is far more expensive.
*⃣Tips: Start with overall photos You might wish you had taken a photo of something specific on the outside of a building.
*⃣Overall photos might give you the opportunity to zoom in on that item after the fact.
➡️Use a reference card to establish scale You will open some photos back in your office only to find that you cannot tell if you’re looking at a 1” wide or ¼” wide crack.
➡️A photo reference card, ruler, or even a well-known object (pencil) will help establish scale.
🚧5. Notepad and Pencil
➡️Pencils work in any weather.
➡️Take good notes.
➡️Document people that are present at your visit, the type of work going on, the time you arrived and the time you left.
🚧6. Small Sledgehammer
➡️A small sledgehammer is great for checking the quality of a lot of materials.
➡️A light tap against concrete or masonry can tell you if it is sound material or if there is a void lurking beneath.
🚧7. Probe (screwdriver steel rod/rebar/Leatherman)
➡️We use a screwdriver to check the soundness of wet wood, quality of mortar joints, the depth of holes, etc.
🚧.8 Collapsible Ladder
➡️You will not need one on every job site.
➡️One for the office is fine. ➡️These lightweight tools allow for very easy access to areas difficult to observe.
➡️Follow OSHA ladder rules; know when they need to be anchored.
🚧9. Safety Harness
➡️OSHA does not require these on man-lifts However, the risk of injury is way too steep.
➡️Get a good harness that is adjustable, but fits you comfortably.
➡️You will not use it often, but when you do, you’ll likely be wearing it for a long period of time.
➡️Careful of using others that may be worn or dirty. Also, remember to keep yours clean and dry.
➡️The harness should be the ‘fall- arrest’ type with a lanyard.
➡️There are many different models depending on the type of work.
@etconp
🚧1. PPE – Personal Protective Equipment (Boots, Hard Hat, Safety Glasses, Ear Plugs, and Safety Vest)
➡️There is not much to say here that is not abundantly obvious.
➡️Having all of this equipment is standard on construction sites.
➡️Make yourself visible and make yourself safe.
➡️Construction sites can be dangerous places.
➡️Engineers are used to following codes Follow OSHA rules and set a good example.
🚧2. Gloves
➡️Helpful in the cold weather, they are also good to keep your hands clean and safe.
➡️You may be asked to go into old basements that may have had oil spills, sewage backups, mold, or other nasty items.
🚧3. Tape Measure
➡️We use this one on virtually every site visit we make.
➡️Good for checking rebar size and spacing.
➡️Measuring floor joist depths or spans.
➡️Get a good one that can cantilever a long distance without someone holding the other end.
➡️You’ll be by yourself more than you think.
🚧4. Cameras and Photo Reference Car
➡️Take more photos than you think you will need.
➡️Data storage is cheap. ➡️Driving back out to job site for a missed photo is far more expensive.
*⃣Tips: Start with overall photos You might wish you had taken a photo of something specific on the outside of a building.
*⃣Overall photos might give you the opportunity to zoom in on that item after the fact.
➡️Use a reference card to establish scale You will open some photos back in your office only to find that you cannot tell if you’re looking at a 1” wide or ¼” wide crack.
➡️A photo reference card, ruler, or even a well-known object (pencil) will help establish scale.
🚧5. Notepad and Pencil
➡️Pencils work in any weather.
➡️Take good notes.
➡️Document people that are present at your visit, the type of work going on, the time you arrived and the time you left.
🚧6. Small Sledgehammer
➡️A small sledgehammer is great for checking the quality of a lot of materials.
➡️A light tap against concrete or masonry can tell you if it is sound material or if there is a void lurking beneath.
🚧7. Probe (screwdriver steel rod/rebar/Leatherman)
➡️We use a screwdriver to check the soundness of wet wood, quality of mortar joints, the depth of holes, etc.
🚧.8 Collapsible Ladder
➡️You will not need one on every job site.
➡️One for the office is fine. ➡️These lightweight tools allow for very easy access to areas difficult to observe.
➡️Follow OSHA ladder rules; know when they need to be anchored.
🚧9. Safety Harness
➡️OSHA does not require these on man-lifts However, the risk of injury is way too steep.
➡️Get a good harness that is adjustable, but fits you comfortably.
➡️You will not use it often, but when you do, you’ll likely be wearing it for a long period of time.
➡️Careful of using others that may be worn or dirty. Also, remember to keep yours clean and dry.
➡️The harness should be the ‘fall- arrest’ type with a lanyard.
➡️There are many different models depending on the type of work.
@etconp
👍16❤1🙏1🏆1