🔹Trunk Rotators :-
نقول تريكايه بسيطه كدا في الأكشن :
Internal ➡️ Same Direction
External ➡️ opposite Direction

يعني أما اقولك بعمل Right rotation بـ ايه تقولي بال
- Right internal oblique (same)
- left external oblique (opposite)

🔸External and internal oblique nerve supply is mainly : lower intercostals.

🔹ROM :
full clearance of scapula from plence in opposite direction.

🔸Factors limiting motion :
1- Antagonist
2- Tension of annulus fibrosis between vertebrae.
3- Tension of costovertebral ligaments in thoracic area.
4- In lumber area, interlocking of articular facets (Rotation negligible).

🔹Fixation:
Reverse action of hip flexor muscles.

🔸Acessory muscles :
- latissimus dorsi
- semispinalis
- Multifidus
- Rotators
- Rectus abdominis (combined trunk rotation and flexion).

🔸Elevation of pelvis :

🔹Quadratus lumborum :

🔸Nerve supply : lumbar plexus

🔸Action :
- Hip hiking
- Elevates the pelvis laterally by producing a lateral rotation of the lumbar spine.

🔹ROM :
In standing position, the pelvis raised on one side until the foot is well clear of floor.

🔸ROM may be limited by :
- Tension of spinal ligaments on the opposite side.
- Contact of iliac crest with thorax.

🔹Sartorius :

🔸Nerve supply : Femoral nerve.

🔹Function : flexion, abduction, external rotation with knee flexed position.

🔹Acessory muscles :
- Hip and knee flexors
- External rotators of hip
- Hip abductors

🔹ROM : combined range

🔹Postion : sitting with thighs on table and legs dangling off desired motion.

🔹Resistance :
- On lateral aspect of knee (resist hip flexors)
- On medial aspect of ankle
(resist external rotation and knee flexion)

🔹Substitution (pure hip flexion):

Iliopsoas and rectus femoris in this movement is evidence by straight hip flexion without abduction and lateral rotation.

🔹Effect of weakness :
Impaired contribution to anteromedial stability of knee joint.

🔹Effect of contracture :
Patient walks with anterior pelvic tilit and hip flexion, abduction, external rotation.

🔸Tensor fasciae latae :

🔸Nerve supply : superior gluteal nerve

🔸Action : flexion, abduction, internal rotation with flexed knee.

🔸ROM is also combined and on asking the patient to abduct the hip, ROM is approximately 30 degrees.

🔸Effect of weakness :
Thrust to the direction of bow leg position and the extremity tends to rotates laterally from hip.

🔸Effect of shortness :
If the tightness :
1- Bilateral : causes anterior pelvic tilt, Sometimes bilateral Knock knee.
2- Unilateral : the abductors and fasciae latae are tight along with tensor and this causes lateral pelvic tilt on side of tight, knee on that side will tend toward a Knock knee position.

🔸Notice that :
If tensor fasciae latae is tight as a hip flexor, this causes anterior pelvic tilt and a medial rotation of femur, as Indicated by patella position.

#Biomechanics #regional

كويس جدا لل lower limb
#mstest_lower

كويس جدا للبراكتيكال
#mstest_lower
#mstest_upper

Cervical Rotation
#mstest_lower

Cervical Extension
#mstest_lower

Cervical Flexion
#mstest_lower

Cervical Lateral Flexion
#mstest_lower

Diaphragm.
#Anatomy_4