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A student-led Physical Therapy educational community.
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ู‚ููˆู…ูˆุง ูŠุง ุฃูŽุญูุจู‘ูŽู‡ ๐Ÿค
ูุฅู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุจุนูŠุฏ ูˆุฒุงุฏูู†ุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ูˆู‚ูˆุงูู„ ุงู„ุตุงู„ุญูŠู† ู‚ุฏ ุณุงุฑุช ู…ู† ุจูŠู† ุฃูŠุฏูŠู†ุง ูˆู†ูŽุญู† ู‚ุฏ ุจู‚ูŠู†ุง.

- ู„ุงุชู†ุณูˆุง ู‚ูŠุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ ูŠุง ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก๐Ÿค.
โค12
‏"ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุฆู‚ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‘ุณุงุฆู… ูˆุงู„ู…ุฏู‰
‏ุตู„ู‘ู‰ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ูŠุงุนู„ูŽู…ูŽ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู‰ ๏ทบ"๐Ÿ’š
โค13
Gait Deviations :-

๐Ÿ”นNormal gait required
adequate strength & ROM of all participating joints proprioception & balance.

1- Genu Recurvatum: (Back knee) :-

๐Ÿ”นCaused by plantar flexion contracture, or hamstring weakness.

๐Ÿ”นResults in excessive hyperextension of knee during stance phase.

2- Hip or Knee Flex Contracture:

๐Ÿ”นPatient has flexed position of hip & knee during stance phase will often see increased lumbar lordosis and reduced stride length."crouched gait"

๐Ÿ”นุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Iliopsoas ูˆููŠ ุงู„ Hamstring ูˆ ุงู„ knee ููŠ ุงู„ stance ุจุชุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ flexed position ูˆ ุฏุง ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ lumber lordosis.

3- Hip Hiking:

๐Ÿ”นCaused by any impairment that limits the ability of the leg to functionally shorten.

ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ู€ Quadratus lumborum ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ุตุฑ ุฑุฌู„ู‡ ุจุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ lateral pelvic tilt.

๐Ÿ”นExample: weak hip, knee flexors

๐Ÿ”นSo, the contralateral pelvis elevates during swing phase to provide for extra clearance for
the advancing leg.

ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุฑู ูŠุฑูุน ุฑุฌู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ู…ู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ.

ุงู„ุฑุงุฌู„ ุฏุง ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุงูƒู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฑู‚ุต ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจ ู„ุง ๐Ÿ˜‚
https://youtu.be/Jvg5v04Sc3I

4- Hip Circumduction:

๐Ÿ”นThe swing leg advance in a semi-circular arc, which creates extra clearance for the advancing leg.

๐Ÿ”นOccur in hemiplegic gait, stroke gait.

๐Ÿ”นูˆ ุฏูŠ ุงุชุดุฑุญุช ููˆู‚ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุจุณุท ูˆุฌู…ูŠู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ Gaits ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠ ุงุตู„ุง ุงุบู„ุจู‡ุง ู†ุงุชุฌ ู…ู† ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูู‡ ุนู„ู‰ muscles.

๐Ÿ”นThis gait pattern will vary depending on amount of spasticity present.

๐Ÿ”นGenerally, with spasticity, there is an extension synergy in the lower limb.

๐Ÿ”นุงู„ spasticity ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฑ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู†ู…ุท ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ synergy Extension ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงูƒุณุชู†ุดู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุชูƒู„ุจุดู‡ ูƒุฏุง ูˆุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุนูƒุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุถุนูŠูุฉ.

๐Ÿ”นUsually no reciprocal arm swing.

๐Ÿ”นStep length tends to be lengthened on involved side and shortened on uninvolved side.

https://youtube.com/shorts/pH89gB22CKA?feature=share

5- Ataxic Gait :-

๐Ÿ”นDue to cerebellar dysfunction

๐Ÿ”นThe patients lack coordination, which leads to jerky, uneven movements.

๐Ÿ”นุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุฏุง ู…ุนู†ุฏูˆุด ุชู†ุงุบู… ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูˆ ุณู‡ู„ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู‚ุน ูู€ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูŠู‚ุนุด ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ BOS ูˆ ู‡ุชุดูˆู ุฏุง ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ

๐Ÿ”นAlso balance tends to be poor ,So the patient walks with a wide BOS.

๐Ÿ”นThe patient usually has difficulty walking in a straight line & tends to stagger.

๐Ÿ”นุนุดุงู† ุชุนุฑู ุงู† ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ Ataxic gait ุจุชุนู…ู„ line ูˆุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆ ุณุงุนุชู‡ุง ู‡ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑู ูŠู…ุดูŠ ููŠ ุฎุท ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูุฑุท ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒู‡.

https://youtu.be/vCn1WRR_U3E
๐Ÿ”ฅ4
6- Parkinsonian Gait:-

๐Ÿ”นุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… Parkinsonism (ุดู„ู„ ุฑุนุงุด) ุณุจุจู‡ ู†ู‚ุต ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ู…ุจูŠุนุฑูุด ูŠู…ุณูƒ ูƒูˆุจุงูŠุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ุฑุฌู„.

๐Ÿ”นLeg & trunk tend to be flexed.
(stopped posture=flexion attitude)

ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ muscle tone ู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู† ุงูŠุฏู‡ ุจุชู‚ุงูˆู…ูƒ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู…ุงุณู„ ุชูŠุณุช ุจุณ ุฏูŠ ู…ุด Spasticity ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฒูŠุงุฏู‡ ุดูˆูŠู‡ ูุงุณู…ู‡ุง rigidity.
- ู…ุนู†ุฏูˆุด arm swing
- - ุนู†ุฏู‡ Face mask ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุด ุจุฏูˆู† ุงูŠ ุชุนุจูŠุฑุงุช.

๐Ÿ”นElbows partially flexed with little or no arm swing.

๐Ÿ”นStride length greatly diminishes.

๐Ÿ”นShuffling gait, festinating gait, short steppage gait with flat feet & weight mostly forward on the toes.

ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุฎุทูˆุฉ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ ุฃูˆูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุชุดุนู„ู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ูˆุฎุงูŠู ูŠู‚ุน ูˆ ูƒู„ ูˆุฒู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุทุฑุงู ุตูˆุงุจุนู‡.

๐Ÿ”นGait tends to start slowly and increase in speed, with difficulty stopping parkinsonian gait.

ู…ู‡ู… ุชุนุฑู ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู† ุงู„ gait ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุทูˆุฑู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ PD ุงุทุฑุงู ุงู„ุตูˆุงุจุน ุจุชู„ู…ุณ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ูƒุนุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„โฌ‡๏ธ
๐Ÿ”นToe to heel walking occurs in PD gait (True).

Festinating gait :- is type of gait exhibited by patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD).


https://youtu.be/b0KrA_96Ks0

ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุฏุง ุนุดุงู† ุชุฃูƒุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ.
๐Ÿ‘1
10- Hysterical Gait:

(Psychological and Non specific gait)

๐Ÿ”นIt does not conform to any specific organic pattern with the abnormality varying from moment to moment and from one examination to another.

๐Ÿ”นThere may be ataxia, spasticity, inability to move, or other types of abnormality.

ุงู„ู…ุดูŠู‡ ุฏูŠ ุณุจุจู‡ุง ู…ุด ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุนุถูˆ ู…ุนูŠู† ูู†ุนุฑู ู…ู†ู‡ ู†ุญูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ู…ู† ุดุฎุต ู„ู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ูˆ ู…ู† ุนุฒู… ู„ู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุณุจุจ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠู‡ ุฏูŠ ุนุงู…ู„ ู†ูุณูŠ ุงูˆ ู‡ุณุชูŠุฑูŠ ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ู†ูุณูŠู‡ ุงู…ุง ุจุชุณูˆุก ุจุชุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูƒู„ู‡ ูˆ ุชุนู…ู„ ู…ูŠูƒุณ ู ุงู„ุฌูŠุช ุจู‚ุง.

11- Trendelenburg Gait :

๐Ÿ”นOccurs due to weakness of the hip abductors.

๐Ÿ”นThe trunk patient demonstrates an excessive lateral tilt in which the trunk is thrust laterally in an attempt to keep COG of the stance leg.

https://youtu.be/Rz7V1i8kYGU

12- High steppage gait:

๐Ÿ”นoccurs in patients with foot drop which is the result of weakness or paralysis of the dorsiflexor muscles.

๐Ÿ”นThe patient lifts the leg high enough to clear the foot of the floor.

https://youtu.be/jzJIpY6vRLo
โค6
ุณุงุนุฉ ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ
ุฏุนูˆุงุชูƒู… ู„ูŠู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชูˆููŠู‚ ูˆุงู„ุณุฏุงุฏ๐Ÿ’—โœจ
โค11
ุฏ/ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ู…ุนูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง "ู„ุณุฉ ู…ุชุนูŠู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุฏูŠ"
... ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุฑูู‡ ุนู† ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฏูŠ ุตุญุงุจูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูƒุงุดู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุจุณู…ุน ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆู‡ุงุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠ

ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ุจูŠุฑูุน ุงู„ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆู‡ุงุช ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุดุฑุญ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ู„ุฏูุนุชู†ุง ูˆุฏูุนุฉ ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุช ุจุชุงุนู‡ ูˆุบุงู„ุจุงู‹ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุถุบุทู‡ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ุงูŠูุงุช ูˆ meetings ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจูŠุดุฑุญ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุด ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู†ู‡ุง ... ู ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชู†ุฌ ู…ุง ุงุชุณุฌู„ุด ุฑุงุญ ู…ุณุฌู„ ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆ ูˆุนุงุฏ ููŠู‡ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
ุฑุบู… ุฅู† ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฑุณู…ูŠู‹ุง ุจุชุชุงุฎุฏ ู ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠุฉ ุนุงุฏูŠ

ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ู…ุด ุจูŠุฏูŠู†ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ุŒ ุจุณ ู„ู…ุง ู„ู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจุชุฌูŠู„ู‡ ู…ู†ู†ุง ุŒุงู„ู„ูŠุฏุฑ ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุณูƒุดู† ุนู…ู„ุช ุฌุฑูˆุจ ูˆุฏุฎู„ ู…ุนุงู†ุง ููŠู‡ ูˆุจุฏุฃ ูŠุฌุงูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุฃุณุฆู„ุชู†ุง

ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ู„ูŠู†ุง ูƒู„ ุชูŠุฑู… ุจู†ูุณู‡ ุŒ ูˆุจูŠุญู„ ู„ู†ุง ุฃูŠ ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช ุนุงูŠุฒูŠู†ู‡ุง

ุฃูŠ ุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูุนุฉ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฑู‚ู… ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ูˆุจูŠุจุนุช ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ุฃูˆ ูŠุฑู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฏ ุจุตุฏุฑ ุฑุญุจ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุตุงุญุจู‡

ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุงู„ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุจุงุจุง ูƒุงู† ุชุนุจุงู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุนุชุช ู„ู‡ ูˆุณุฃู„ุชู‡ ุนู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจุงุจุง ูˆุฑุฏ ุนู„ูŠุง ูˆูู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ูˆุจุนุชู„ูŠ ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆ ุงู„test ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ุŒุฑุบู… ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุงูŠุนุฑูู†ูŠุด ูˆู„ุง ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุงุฏุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุณูƒุดู† ู‚ุจู„ ูƒุฏุฉ

ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ุฏ ุณู„ูŠู… ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠู‚ุฏู…ู‡ุงู„ู†ุง ุŒูˆูŠุงุฑูŠุช ูƒู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠู‡ ุจุฌุฏ .
โค106โคโ€๐Ÿ”ฅ6๐Ÿฅฐ3๐Ÿ‘2
https://youtu.be/Nqs-s9S6Cec?si=26899FoA0wauMi1n

ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุดูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุงูุตู„ูˆุง ุจูŠู‡ุง ุถุบุท ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ... ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุจ ุชุชูุฑุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆู‡ุงุช ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุง ุจุชุงูƒู„ "ุฒูŠ ุญุงู„ุงุชูŠ ๐Ÿ˜‚"

ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชุชูุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠุณ ูƒูŠูƒ ุงุชูุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ... ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒุชุณุจูˆุง ูƒุงู… ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฎุทุฃ ูƒุฏุฉ๐Ÿ˜‚๐Ÿ’—

ุจุงู„ุชูˆููŠู‚ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุงุชุฑุฉ ๐Ÿฅฐโ™ฅ๏ธ
โค10๐Ÿ‘1