Numbers of #Physiology_2
1. Cardiovascular System
| Two | Number of halves the heart is made of (right and left), each with an atrium and a ventricle.
| Four | Number of sets of valves in the heart.
| Three | Number of cusps in the tricuspid valve and Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary valves).
| Two | Number of cusps in the mitral or bicuspid valve.
| 1ยฐc | Increase in body temperature that can increase heart rate by 10-20 beats/min.
| 10-20 | Increase in heart rate (beats/min) for every 1 0c increase in body temperature.
| 0.1 sec | Duration of atrial systole in the cardiac cycle. | 0.3 sec | Duration of ventricular systole in the cardiac cycle. | 0.4 sec | Duration of diastole of the whole heart in the cardiac cycle.
| 0.8 second| Normal duration of the cardiac cycle when heart rate is 75 beats/min (60/75).
| 70-80 | Normal resting heart rate in beats/min.
| 100 | Heart rate above this value is considered tachycardia (beats/min).
| 60 | Heart rate below this value is considered bradycardia (beats/min).
| 70 ml/beat| Normal stroke volume (volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat).
| 5 liters/min| Normal cardiac output (volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute) in adult male during rest.
| 5 liters/min| Normal venous return during rest. | 25 liters/min| Venous return during exercise in non-athletes. | 35 liters/min| Venous return during exercise in athletes. | 80-90% | Normal capillary tone (number of partially or totally closed blood capillaries).
| 120 mmHg | Average systolic blood pressure. | 80 mmHg | Average diastolic blood pressure. | 40 mmHg | Average pulse pressure (difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure).
| 93 mmHg | Average mean arterial pressure throughout the cardiac cycle.
| 90 โ 140 mmHg| Normal range for systolic blood pressure. | 60- 90 mmHg| Normal range for diastolic blood pressure. | 90 -95 % | Percentage of primary (essential) hypertension cases. | 5- 10 % | Percentage of secondary hypertension cases. | 225 ml/min| Normal coronary blood flow during rest. | 1000 ml/min| Coronary blood flow during severe muscular exercise. | 40 liters| Normal value of total body water. | 25 liters| Amount of intracellular fluid (ICF). | 15 liters| Amount of extracellular fluid (ECF). | 3 liters | Amount of plasma in ECF. | 12 liters| Amount of interstitial fluid (tissue fluid) in ECF.
2. Respiratory System
| Two | Number of types of respiration (external and internal) and functional zones of the respiratory system (conducting and respiratory).
| 0.5 micron| The approximate overall thickness of the alveolo-capillary (respiratory) membrane.
| 50-100 sq meters (70m2)| Very large surface area of the respiratory membrane in a normal adult. | 20-fold| How much the surface area of the small intestine is increased by the presence of intestinal villi and microvilli.
1. Cardiovascular System
| Two | Number of halves the heart is made of (right and left), each with an atrium and a ventricle.
| Four | Number of sets of valves in the heart.
| Three | Number of cusps in the tricuspid valve and Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary valves).
| Two | Number of cusps in the mitral or bicuspid valve.
| 1ยฐc | Increase in body temperature that can increase heart rate by 10-20 beats/min.
| 10-20 | Increase in heart rate (beats/min) for every 1 0c increase in body temperature.
| 0.1 sec | Duration of atrial systole in the cardiac cycle. | 0.3 sec | Duration of ventricular systole in the cardiac cycle. | 0.4 sec | Duration of diastole of the whole heart in the cardiac cycle.
| 0.8 second| Normal duration of the cardiac cycle when heart rate is 75 beats/min (60/75).
| 70-80 | Normal resting heart rate in beats/min.
| 100 | Heart rate above this value is considered tachycardia (beats/min).
| 60 | Heart rate below this value is considered bradycardia (beats/min).
| 70 ml/beat| Normal stroke volume (volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat).
| 5 liters/min| Normal cardiac output (volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute) in adult male during rest.
| 5 liters/min| Normal venous return during rest. | 25 liters/min| Venous return during exercise in non-athletes. | 35 liters/min| Venous return during exercise in athletes. | 80-90% | Normal capillary tone (number of partially or totally closed blood capillaries).
| 120 mmHg | Average systolic blood pressure. | 80 mmHg | Average diastolic blood pressure. | 40 mmHg | Average pulse pressure (difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure).
| 93 mmHg | Average mean arterial pressure throughout the cardiac cycle.
| 90 โ 140 mmHg| Normal range for systolic blood pressure. | 60- 90 mmHg| Normal range for diastolic blood pressure. | 90 -95 % | Percentage of primary (essential) hypertension cases. | 5- 10 % | Percentage of secondary hypertension cases. | 225 ml/min| Normal coronary blood flow during rest. | 1000 ml/min| Coronary blood flow during severe muscular exercise. | 40 liters| Normal value of total body water. | 25 liters| Amount of intracellular fluid (ICF). | 15 liters| Amount of extracellular fluid (ECF). | 3 liters | Amount of plasma in ECF. | 12 liters| Amount of interstitial fluid (tissue fluid) in ECF.
2. Respiratory System
| Two | Number of types of respiration (external and internal) and functional zones of the respiratory system (conducting and respiratory).
| 0.5 micron| The approximate overall thickness of the alveolo-capillary (respiratory) membrane.
| 50-100 sq meters (70m2)| Very large surface area of the respiratory membrane in a normal adult. | 20-fold| How much the surface area of the small intestine is increased by the presence of intestinal villi and microvilli.
โค3
| 100 mm Hg| Partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli. | 40 mm Hg| Partial pressure of O2 in the venous blood entering the pulmonary capillaries and partial pressure of CO2 in the alveoli.
| 46 mm Hg| Partial pressure of CO2 in the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries.
| 20 | Number of seconds after which loss of consciousness can occur in severe hypoxia (PO2 less than 20 mmHg).
| 200 | Number of times more affinity CO has for Hb than O2. | 3% | Percentage of O2 physically dissolved in plasma. | 97% | Percentage of O2 chemically combined with hemoglobin (Hb).
| 4 | Number of molecules of O2 each molecule of hemoglobin carries.
| 19.4 ml /100 ml| Total O2 content in arterial blood. | 14.4 ml / 100 ml| Total O2 content in venous blood. | 5 ml O2/min| Amount of O2 taken by tissues per minute. | 5% | Percentage of CO2 physically dissolved in plasma and percentage of CO2 in carbamino compounds.
| 90% | Percentage of CO2 transported as bicarbonate. | 4 ml | Normal value of tidal CO2 (volume of CO2 released from tissues as a result of metabolism). | 5 gm/100ml| Abnormal increase in reduced Hb in the blood above this value causes cyanosis. | 80% | Normal ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC).
| 4 seconds| Normal time for air of FVC to be completely expired.
3. Gastrointestinal System
| 3 | Number of main pairs of salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual).
| 1-1.5 liters/day| Amount of saliva produced per day. | 6.6- 7.1 | Slightly acidic pH of saliva. | posterior 1/3| Area of the tongue where mechanical stimulation can cause vomiting. | 3 liters /day| Amount of gastric juice produced per day. | first few centimetres| Area of the duodenum that is a frequent site of peptic ulcer.
| 2| Number of feedback control mechanisms that ensure complete neutralization of gastric secretion in the duodenum.
| 10 times | How much bile can be concentrated in the gall bladder. | 2 mg/dl | Increased serum bilirubin above this value causes jaundice. | 0.2 โ 0.8 mg/dl| Normal value of serum bilirubin. | Three | Physiologically, the number of parts the large intestine can be divided into (proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum/anal canal).
4. Endocrine System
| Two| Number of main coordinating and integrating systems of the body (endocrine and nervous) and divisions of the pituitary gland (anterior and posterior).
| 1 | Number of thirds of individuals with hyposecretion of GH during childhood who are sexually mature. | Two| Number of thirds of individuals with hyposecretion of GH during childhood who are sexually immature.
| four | Number of parathyroid glands. | 9-11 mg/dl| Normal value of blood calcium level. | 7 mg/dl| Plasma calcium level below which manifest tetany occurs spontaneously. | 7 mg /dl| Approximate plasma calcium level in latent tetany.
| 46 mm Hg| Partial pressure of CO2 in the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries.
| 20 | Number of seconds after which loss of consciousness can occur in severe hypoxia (PO2 less than 20 mmHg).
| 200 | Number of times more affinity CO has for Hb than O2. | 3% | Percentage of O2 physically dissolved in plasma. | 97% | Percentage of O2 chemically combined with hemoglobin (Hb).
| 4 | Number of molecules of O2 each molecule of hemoglobin carries.
| 19.4 ml /100 ml| Total O2 content in arterial blood. | 14.4 ml / 100 ml| Total O2 content in venous blood. | 5 ml O2/min| Amount of O2 taken by tissues per minute. | 5% | Percentage of CO2 physically dissolved in plasma and percentage of CO2 in carbamino compounds.
| 90% | Percentage of CO2 transported as bicarbonate. | 4 ml | Normal value of tidal CO2 (volume of CO2 released from tissues as a result of metabolism). | 5 gm/100ml| Abnormal increase in reduced Hb in the blood above this value causes cyanosis. | 80% | Normal ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC).
| 4 seconds| Normal time for air of FVC to be completely expired.
3. Gastrointestinal System
| 3 | Number of main pairs of salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual).
| 1-1.5 liters/day| Amount of saliva produced per day. | 6.6- 7.1 | Slightly acidic pH of saliva. | posterior 1/3| Area of the tongue where mechanical stimulation can cause vomiting. | 3 liters /day| Amount of gastric juice produced per day. | first few centimetres| Area of the duodenum that is a frequent site of peptic ulcer.
| 2| Number of feedback control mechanisms that ensure complete neutralization of gastric secretion in the duodenum.
| 10 times | How much bile can be concentrated in the gall bladder. | 2 mg/dl | Increased serum bilirubin above this value causes jaundice. | 0.2 โ 0.8 mg/dl| Normal value of serum bilirubin. | Three | Physiologically, the number of parts the large intestine can be divided into (proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum/anal canal).
4. Endocrine System
| Two| Number of main coordinating and integrating systems of the body (endocrine and nervous) and divisions of the pituitary gland (anterior and posterior).
| 1 | Number of thirds of individuals with hyposecretion of GH during childhood who are sexually mature. | Two| Number of thirds of individuals with hyposecretion of GH during childhood who are sexually immature.
| four | Number of parathyroid glands. | 9-11 mg/dl| Normal value of blood calcium level. | 7 mg/dl| Plasma calcium level below which manifest tetany occurs spontaneously. | 7 mg /dl| Approximate plasma calcium level in latent tetany.
๐ฅ1
| 70- 100 mg/dl| Normal fasting blood glucose level. | 1| Type of diabetes mellitus caused by deficiency of insulin secretion (insulin-dependent DM/juvenile onset DM).
| 2 | Type of diabetes mellitus caused by insulin resistance (non-insulin dependent DM/maturity onset DM).
| 3 | Type of diabetes mellitus that occurs during pregnancy (gestational DM).
#Physiology
| 2 | Type of diabetes mellitus caused by insulin resistance (non-insulin dependent DM/maturity onset DM).
| 3 | Type of diabetes mellitus that occurs during pregnancy (gestational DM).
#Physiology
โค3
- ุดุฑุญ ุฏูุชูุฑ ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุณุฑุญุงู ู ู
ุงุฏุฉ ุงููููุณููููุฌู
=https://t.me/PT_Abakera/6726
- ุดุฑุญ ุฏูุชูุฑ ู ุญู ุฏ ุณุฑุญุงู ู ู ุงุฏุฉ ุงูุซูุฑุงุจููุชูู
=https://t.me/PT_Abakera/6632
=https://t.me/PT_Abakera/6726
- ุดุฑุญ ุฏูุชูุฑ ู ุญู ุฏ ุณุฑุญุงู ู ู ุงุฏุฉ ุงูุซูุฑุงุจููุชูู
=https://t.me/PT_Abakera/6632
Telegram
๐ฃ๐ง ๐ฉ๐ถ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ | ๐ฃ๐ต๐๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐น ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฝ๐
ุงูุณูุงู
ุนูููู
ุงุฒููู ูุง ุดุจุงุจ ุฃู ุดุงุกุงููู ุงูุฑุณุงูู ุฏู ูุชููู ู ูุฌูุฏ ูููุง ูู ุญุงุฌู ูููุง ุนูุงูู ุจุฏูุชูุฑ ุณุฑุญุงู ุณูู ุดุฑุญ ุฃู ุนู ูู ุฃู ู ููุงุช
## Lec 1 kinesiology ( P1 knee )
- Video
- pdf
## Lec 2 kinesiology ( P2 knee )
- video
- pdf
## Lec 3 kinesiology ( ankle &โฆ
ุงุฒููู ูุง ุดุจุงุจ ุฃู ุดุงุกุงููู ุงูุฑุณุงูู ุฏู ูุชููู ู ูุฌูุฏ ูููุง ูู ุญุงุฌู ูููุง ุนูุงูู ุจุฏูุชูุฑ ุณุฑุญุงู ุณูู ุดุฑุญ ุฃู ุนู ูู ุฃู ู ููุงุช
## Lec 1 kinesiology ( P1 knee )
- Video
## Lec 2 kinesiology ( P2 knee )
- video
## Lec 3 kinesiology ( ankle &โฆ
โค3
Forwarded from ุฅุซูุฑูุงุก ๐ โ (Esraa Ragab)
This media is not supported in your browser
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
โฅ๏ธ
โค7
ูุจุฏู ุฃู ุงูุฃุฑุถ ุชุชููุฃ ูุฃู
ุฑ ุนุธูู
ูุง ูุนูู
ู ุฅูุง ุงููู
ุงุณุชููู ูุง ูุฑุญู ูู ุงููู .. ุงุณุชููู ูุง ูุฑุญู ูู ุงููู
ุงุณุชููู ูุง ูุฑุญู ูู ุงููู .. ุงุณุชููู ูุง ูุฑุญู ูู ุงููู
โค22
Forwarded from ุฅุซูุฑูุงุก ๐ โ (Esraa Ragab)
ุงูุจูุณุช ุงูุณููู: ูุตูุญุฉ ุฏ. ุฎุงูุฏ ุฃุจู ุดุงุฏู ูุงุณุชุบูุงู ููู
ุนุฑูุฉ:
..
ูก_ูู ูููุชู ู ุจูููุฑุง ู ุง ุงุณุชุทุนุชุ ุจููุฉ ุงูุชููููู ุนูู ุทุงุนุฉ ุงููู ูุชูุงู ุจููู ู ุฃุฌุฑุง.
ูข_ ูู ูุจู ุงููุฌุฑ ููุณุญูุฑุ ูุฅู ุงููู ูู ูุงุฆูุชู ูุตููู ุนูู ุงูู ุชุณุญููุฑูู.
ูฃ_ ุตููู ูค ุฑูุนุงุช ููุงู ุนูู ุงูุฃูู ูุงุฏุน ุฑุจู ูุฃูุช ุณุงุฌุฏ ุจุฎูุฑ ุงูุฏููุง ูุงูุขุฎุฑู ู ุน ุงูุจูุงุก ูุงูุชุจุงูู.
ูค_ ุงูุถ ููุชุง ูุจู ุงููุฌุฑ ูู ุงูุงุณุชุบูุงุฑ ุญุชู ุชููุชูุจ ู ู ุงูู ุณุชุบูุฑูู ูู ุงูุฃุณุญุงุฑ.
ูฅ_ุงุณุชุนุฏ ูุตูุงุฉ ุงููุฌุฑ ูุจู ุงูุขุฐุงู ุจุฎู ุณ ุฏูุงุฆูุ ูุงุณุชุดุนุฑ ุฃู ุฐููุจู ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู ุน ุขุฎุฑ ูุทุฑุฉ ููู ุนุถู ูุฃูุช ุชุชูุถุฃ..
.ูฆ_ ูู ุฏุนุงุก ู ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงููุถูุก: ุฃุดูุฏ ุฃู ูุง ุฅูู ุฅูุง ุงูููุ ูุฃุดูุฏ ุฃู ู ุญู ุฏุง ุนุจุฏู ูุฑุณูููุ ุงูููู ุงุฌุนููู ู ู ุงูุชูุงุจููุ ูุงุฌุนููู ู ู ุงูู ุชุทูุฑูู (ุชููุชูุญ ูู ุฃุจูุงุจ ุงูุฌูุฉ ุงูุซู ุงููุฉ).
ูง_ุตููู ุงููุฌุฑ ูุงุฌูุณ ูู ู ุตูุงู ุฅูู ู ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงูุดุฑูู ุจ ูกูฅ ุฏูููุฉ.
ูจ_ุงุจุฏุฃ ุงูุชูุจูุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงูุณูุงู ู ุจุงุดุฑุฉ.
ูฉ_ุงุฌูุณ ูู ู ูุตููุงู ุญุชู ุงูุดุฑูู ุชูุฑุฃ ุงููุฑุขู ู ุน ุชุณุจูุญ ูุชูููู ูุชุญู ูุฏุ ููุง ุชูุณู ุฃุฐูุงุฑ ุงูุตุจุงุญ .
ูกู _ุตููู ุฑูุนุชู ุจุนุฏ ุดุฑูู ุงูุดู ุณ
ูกูก_ุฃูุช ุงูุขู ู ุฎูุฑ ุฅู ุงุณุชุทุนุช ุฃูุง ุชูุงู ุงูููู ูุงู ูุง ููุง ุชุถูุน ุซุงููุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ูู ุฐูุฑ ูุฏุนุงุก ููู ุนูู ูููู ุจุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ.
ูกูข_ุฃู ุชูุงู ุณุงุนุฉ ุฃู ุณุงุนุชูู ุชููู ุจุฐูู ุงูุชููููู ุนูู ุทุงุนุฉ ุงููู ุณุงุฆุฑ ุงูููู ..
ูกูฃ_ุซู ูู ู ู ุงูููู ูุชุชูุถุฃ ูุชุตูู ูค ุฑูุนุงุช ุถุญู ุนูู ุงูุฃููุ ูุชููุน ุจูู ุงูุทุงุนุงุช ุญุชู ูุงุชู ู: ุชูุจูุฑ_ุฐูุฑ_ุชูุงูุฉ ุงููุฑุขู..
ูกูค_ุตููู ุงูุธูุฑ ููุจููุฑ ูุณุจููุญ ูุงูุฑุฃ ุดูุฆุง ู ู ุงููุฑุขู.
ูกูฅ_ ุฃูุซุฑ ู ู ููู: ูุง ุฅูู ุฅูุง ุงููู ูุญุฏู ูุง ุดุฑูู ูู.. ูู ุงูู ูู ููู ุงูุญู ุฏ ููู ุนูู ูู ุดูุก ูุฏูุฑุ ููู ุฃูุถู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูู ููู ุนุฑูุฉ!!
ูกูฆ_ุตููู ุงูุนุตุฑ ููุจููุฑ ูุงุจุฏุฃ ุจุฃุฐูุงุฑ ุงูู ุณุงุก .
ูกูง_ุงูุฑุฃ ุงููุฑุขู ุฅูู ูุจู ุงูู ุบุฑุจ ุจุณุงุนุฉ ุชูุฑูุจุงุ ุซู ุฃุชุจูุนู ุจุงูุฏุนุงุก ุจุฎุดูุน.
ููุง ุชูุณ ุฅุฎูุงูู ุงูู ุณุชุถุนููู ูู ูู ู ูุงูุ ูุฃูุตุงูุง ุงูุฃุณูุฑ.
ูกูจ_ุงุฏุนู ุงููู ุฃู ูุง ุชุบุฑุจ ุดู ุณ ููู ุนุฑูุฉ ุฅูุง ูุฃูุช ู ู ุนุชูุงุฆู.
ูกูฉ_ุฅูุงู ุฃู ุชุธู ุฃูู ุจุงุฌุชูุงุฏู ูู ููู ุนุฑูุฉ ุฎูุฑู ู ู ุบูุฑูุ ูุฃูุช ูุง ุชุถู ู ุงููุจูู ูููู ุชุฑุฌููุ ูุฅู ุถู ูุชู ูู ุชุถู ู ุงูุซุจุงุชุ ูุฅู ุฅุจููุณ ุนูุจูุฏู ุงูููู ุฏูุฑุง ู ุน ุงูู ูุงุฆูุฉ ุซู ุตุงุฑ ุฅูู ู ุง ุตุงุฑ ุฅูููุ ููุง ุชูุนุฌูุจ ุจุนู ููุ ูุงุณุฃู ุงููู ุงููุจูู ูุงูุซุจุงุชุ ูุฃููู ุจุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ.
ูขู _ ู ุน ุขุฐุงู ุงูู ุบุฑุจ: ุงุจุฏุฃ ุงูุฅูุทุงุฑ ููุง ุชูุณ ุฃู ููุตุงุฆู ุฏุนูุฉ ูุง ุชูุฑูุฏูู.
ุฏ. ุฎุงูุฏ ุฃุจู ุดุงุฏู.
..
ูก_ูู ูููุชู ู ุจูููุฑุง ู ุง ุงุณุชุทุนุชุ ุจููุฉ ุงูุชููููู ุนูู ุทุงุนุฉ ุงููู ูุชูุงู ุจููู ู ุฃุฌุฑุง.
ูข_ ูู ูุจู ุงููุฌุฑ ููุณุญูุฑุ ูุฅู ุงููู ูู ูุงุฆูุชู ูุตููู ุนูู ุงูู ุชุณุญููุฑูู.
ูฃ_ ุตููู ูค ุฑูุนุงุช ููุงู ุนูู ุงูุฃูู ูุงุฏุน ุฑุจู ูุฃูุช ุณุงุฌุฏ ุจุฎูุฑ ุงูุฏููุง ูุงูุขุฎุฑู ู ุน ุงูุจูุงุก ูุงูุชุจุงูู.
ูค_ ุงูุถ ููุชุง ูุจู ุงููุฌุฑ ูู ุงูุงุณุชุบูุงุฑ ุญุชู ุชููุชูุจ ู ู ุงูู ุณุชุบูุฑูู ูู ุงูุฃุณุญุงุฑ.
ูฅ_ุงุณุชุนุฏ ูุตูุงุฉ ุงููุฌุฑ ูุจู ุงูุขุฐุงู ุจุฎู ุณ ุฏูุงุฆูุ ูุงุณุชุดุนุฑ ุฃู ุฐููุจู ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู ุน ุขุฎุฑ ูุทุฑุฉ ููู ุนุถู ูุฃูุช ุชุชูุถุฃ..
.ูฆ_ ูู ุฏุนุงุก ู ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงููุถูุก: ุฃุดูุฏ ุฃู ูุง ุฅูู ุฅูุง ุงูููุ ูุฃุดูุฏ ุฃู ู ุญู ุฏุง ุนุจุฏู ูุฑุณูููุ ุงูููู ุงุฌุนููู ู ู ุงูุชูุงุจููุ ูุงุฌุนููู ู ู ุงูู ุชุทูุฑูู (ุชููุชูุญ ูู ุฃุจูุงุจ ุงูุฌูุฉ ุงูุซู ุงููุฉ).
ูง_ุตููู ุงููุฌุฑ ูุงุฌูุณ ูู ู ุตูุงู ุฅูู ู ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงูุดุฑูู ุจ ูกูฅ ุฏูููุฉ.
ูจ_ุงุจุฏุฃ ุงูุชูุจูุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงูุณูุงู ู ุจุงุดุฑุฉ.
ูฉ_ุงุฌูุณ ูู ู ูุตููุงู ุญุชู ุงูุดุฑูู ุชูุฑุฃ ุงููุฑุขู ู ุน ุชุณุจูุญ ูุชูููู ูุชุญู ูุฏุ ููุง ุชูุณู ุฃุฐูุงุฑ ุงูุตุจุงุญ .
ูกู _ุตููู ุฑูุนุชู ุจุนุฏ ุดุฑูู ุงูุดู ุณ
ูกูก_ุฃูุช ุงูุขู ู ุฎูุฑ ุฅู ุงุณุชุทุนุช ุฃูุง ุชูุงู ุงูููู ูุงู ูุง ููุง ุชุถูุน ุซุงููุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ูู ุฐูุฑ ูุฏุนุงุก ููู ุนูู ูููู ุจุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ.
ูกูข_ุฃู ุชูุงู ุณุงุนุฉ ุฃู ุณุงุนุชูู ุชููู ุจุฐูู ุงูุชููููู ุนูู ุทุงุนุฉ ุงููู ุณุงุฆุฑ ุงูููู ..
ูกูฃ_ุซู ูู ู ู ุงูููู ูุชุชูุถุฃ ูุชุตูู ูค ุฑูุนุงุช ุถุญู ุนูู ุงูุฃููุ ูุชููุน ุจูู ุงูุทุงุนุงุช ุญุชู ูุงุชู ู: ุชูุจูุฑ_ุฐูุฑ_ุชูุงูุฉ ุงููุฑุขู..
ูกูค_ุตููู ุงูุธูุฑ ููุจููุฑ ูุณุจููุญ ูุงูุฑุฃ ุดูุฆุง ู ู ุงููุฑุขู.
ูกูฅ_ ุฃูุซุฑ ู ู ููู: ูุง ุฅูู ุฅูุง ุงููู ูุญุฏู ูุง ุดุฑูู ูู.. ูู ุงูู ูู ููู ุงูุญู ุฏ ููู ุนูู ูู ุดูุก ูุฏูุฑุ ููู ุฃูุถู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูู ููู ุนุฑูุฉ!!
ูกูฆ_ุตููู ุงูุนุตุฑ ููุจููุฑ ูุงุจุฏุฃ ุจุฃุฐูุงุฑ ุงูู ุณุงุก .
ูกูง_ุงูุฑุฃ ุงููุฑุขู ุฅูู ูุจู ุงูู ุบุฑุจ ุจุณุงุนุฉ ุชูุฑูุจุงุ ุซู ุฃุชุจูุนู ุจุงูุฏุนุงุก ุจุฎุดูุน.
ููุง ุชูุณ ุฅุฎูุงูู ุงูู ุณุชุถุนููู ูู ูู ู ูุงูุ ูุฃูุตุงูุง ุงูุฃุณูุฑ.
ูกูจ_ุงุฏุนู ุงููู ุฃู ูุง ุชุบุฑุจ ุดู ุณ ููู ุนุฑูุฉ ุฅูุง ูุฃูุช ู ู ุนุชูุงุฆู.
ูกูฉ_ุฅูุงู ุฃู ุชุธู ุฃูู ุจุงุฌุชูุงุฏู ูู ููู ุนุฑูุฉ ุฎูุฑู ู ู ุบูุฑูุ ูุฃูุช ูุง ุชุถู ู ุงููุจูู ูููู ุชุฑุฌููุ ูุฅู ุถู ูุชู ูู ุชุถู ู ุงูุซุจุงุชุ ูุฅู ุฅุจููุณ ุนูุจูุฏู ุงูููู ุฏูุฑุง ู ุน ุงูู ูุงุฆูุฉ ุซู ุตุงุฑ ุฅูู ู ุง ุตุงุฑ ุฅูููุ ููุง ุชูุนุฌูุจ ุจุนู ููุ ูุงุณุฃู ุงููู ุงููุจูู ูุงูุซุจุงุชุ ูุฃููู ุจุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ.
ูขู _ ู ุน ุขุฐุงู ุงูู ุบุฑุจ: ุงุจุฏุฃ ุงูุฅูุทุงุฑ ููุง ุชูุณ ุฃู ููุตุงุฆู ุฏุนูุฉ ูุง ุชูุฑูุฏูู.
ุฏ. ุฎุงูุฏ ุฃุจู ุดุงุฏู.
โค16๐1
ู
ุง ุชูุณููุงุด ู
ู ุฏุนูุงุชูู
ุงููุงุฑุฏุฉ ูุง ุฌู
ุงุนุฉโฅ๏ธ
โค7
Forwarded from ุทุงูุจ ุฌุงู
ุนู๐ (โฝโโโ ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐๐๐๐๐โ ๐ข)
100 ุฏุนุงุก ู
ู ุงููุชุงุจ ูุงูุณูุฉ ุงูุตุญูุญุฉ.pdf
5.3 MB
ูุงู ุฑุณูู ุงููู - ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู
-
ู ุง ู ู ููู ู ุฃูุซุฑู ู ู ุฃู ูุนุชููู ุงูููู ููู ุนุจูุฏูุง ู ู ุงููููุงุฑู ู ู ููู ู ุนุฑูุฉู ุ ูุฃูู ูููุฏูู ุ ุซู ูุจุงูู ุจูู ุงูู ูุงุฆูุฉู ููููู : ู ุง ุฃุฑุงุฏ ูุคูุงุกู ุ ุงุดููุฏูุง ู ูุงุฆูุชู ุฃูู ูุฏ ุบูุฑุชู ููู .
ูุง ุชุฃุฎุฐูู ุงูุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูุงูู ุฐุงูุฑุฉ ูุชูุณูุง ุนุฑูุฉ ูุชูุณูุง ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูุงูุฃุนู ุงู ุงูุตุงูุญุฉ
ูุฑุจู ุง ูุง ุชุนุด ูุฐุง ุงูููู ู ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู
ุฃุฎูุตูุง ูู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูุงุนูู ุฃู ุงูุนุจุฑุฉ ููุณุช ุจุงููุซุฑุฉ ุฅูู ุง ุจุงูุฅุฎูุงุต ูุตุฏู ุงูููุฉ
ููููุง ุงููู ูุฅูุงูู ูู ุง ูุญุจ ููุฑุถู๐ค
ู ุง ู ู ููู ู ุฃูุซุฑู ู ู ุฃู ูุนุชููู ุงูููู ููู ุนุจูุฏูุง ู ู ุงููููุงุฑู ู ู ููู ู ุนุฑูุฉู ุ ูุฃูู ูููุฏูู ุ ุซู ูุจุงูู ุจูู ุงูู ูุงุฆูุฉู ููููู : ู ุง ุฃุฑุงุฏ ูุคูุงุกู ุ ุงุดููุฏูุง ู ูุงุฆูุชู ุฃูู ูุฏ ุบูุฑุชู ููู .
ูุง ุชุฃุฎุฐูู ุงูุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูุงูู ุฐุงูุฑุฉ ูุชูุณูุง ุนุฑูุฉ ูุชูุณูุง ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูุงูุฃุนู ุงู ุงูุตุงูุญุฉ
ูุฑุจู ุง ูุง ุชุนุด ูุฐุง ุงูููู ู ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู
ุฃุฎูุตูุง ูู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูุงุนูู ุฃู ุงูุนุจุฑุฉ ููุณุช ุจุงููุซุฑุฉ ุฅูู ุง ุจุงูุฅุฎูุงุต ูุตุฏู ุงูููุฉ
ููููุง ุงููู ูุฅูุงูู ูู ุง ูุญุจ ููุฑุถู๐ค
โค8
ูุง ุชูุณู ุทูุจุฉ ุงูุซุงูููู ุงูุนุงู
ู ู
ู ุฏุนุงุฆูู
๐ฅบ
ุงูููู ููู ุนูููู ูููููู ูุงุฌุจุฑ ุจูููุจูู ุฌุจุฑุง ูุชุนุฌุจ ูู ุงูู ุงูุงุฑุถ ูุงูุณู ุงุก
ุงูููู ุงูุชุญ ุนูููู ูุชูุญ ุงูุนุงุฑููู ูุนูู ูู ู ุง ุฌููู ูุฐูุฑูู ู ุง ูุณู
ุงูููู ุงุฒู ุนู ูููุจูู ุงูุชูุชุฑ ูุงูููู ูุจุฏููู ุณูููู ูุทู ุฃูููู ูุซูุฉ ุจู ูุง ุฃููู
ุงูููู ุงุฌุนู ุชุนุจูู ูุฌูุฏูู ูู ู ูุฒุงู ุญุณูุงุชูู ุ ููุฑู ุฃุนูููู ูุฃุนูู ุฃูููู ุจู ุง ููุณุฑููู ูููุฑุถูู ุนููู .
ุงูููู ููู ุนูููู ูููููู ูุงุฌุจุฑ ุจูููุจูู ุฌุจุฑุง ูุชุนุฌุจ ูู ุงูู ุงูุงุฑุถ ูุงูุณู ุงุก
ุงูููู ุงูุชุญ ุนูููู ูุชูุญ ุงูุนุงุฑููู ูุนูู ูู ู ุง ุฌููู ูุฐูุฑูู ู ุง ูุณู
ุงูููู ุงุฒู ุนู ูููุจูู ุงูุชูุชุฑ ูุงูููู ูุจุฏููู ุณูููู ูุทู ุฃูููู ูุซูุฉ ุจู ูุง ุฃููู
ุงูููู ุงุฌุนู ุชุนุจูู ูุฌูุฏูู ูู ู ูุฒุงู ุญุณูุงุชูู ุ ููุฑู ุฃุนูููู ูุฃุนูู ุฃูููู ุจู ุง ููุณุฑููู ูููุฑุถูู ุนููู .
โค8
ุงุฏุนูู.pdf
6.5 MB
ุงูุซุฑู ู
ู ุงูุฏุนุงุก
ูุงู ุงูุฑุณูู๏ทบ
ุฎูุฑ ุงูุฏุนุงุก ุฏุนุงุก ููู ุนุฑูุฉ
ูุฎูุฑ ู ุง ููุช ุฃูุง ูุงููุจููู ู ู ูุจูู:
( ููุง ุฅููููู ุฅููููุง ุงููููููุ ููุฎูุฏููู ููุง ุดูุฑูููู ูููู ูููู ุงููู ููููู ูููููู ุงููุญูู ูุฏูุ ูููููู ุนูููู ููููู ุดูููุกู ููุฏููุฑูยป
ุทุงุจุช ุฃุนูุงุฏูู
ุจุฑููุฉ ู
ู ุชุญุจููโฅ๏ธ
ูู ุนุงู ูุฃูุชู ุจุฎูุฑ โฅ๏ธโจ
ูู ุนุงู ูุฃูุชู ุจุฎูุฑ โฅ๏ธโจ
โค11๐1
ูุฃูุช ูุงูู ู
ุน ุงูุฌุฒุงุฑ ู
ุง ุชูุณุงุด ุชุฎููู ููุฑููู ุงูbrain ุนูุดุงู ุชุดูู ุงูsulci ,gyri ูููุณ ...
ูุงุจูู ุฎููู ูุทูุนูู ุงูliver ุนูุดุงู ุชุดูุญู ุนูู ุงูุบุฏุง ...
ูู ุงุชูุณุงุด ุงู intestine ุจุณ ุชุจูู ุชุงูููุง ูุฑุณุจู ุนูุดุงู ูู ุง ุจูุจูู ุฌูุณู ู ุด ุจูุจูู ุญูู
ูุงูุช ูุจุชูุทุน ุงููุญู ุฉ ุงูุชูุฑ ุฅู ุฏู skeletal muscles ูุงูุช ุดุบุงูุฉ ูู ููู ู ู ุงูุฃูุงู ูุจุชุนู ู flexion, extension
ุนุฑู ุงูููุชู= psoas major ุ ูุชูุฏุฑ ุชุนู ููุง ู ุดููุฉ ุฃู ุนูู ุงูุฌุฑูู
ููู ุณูุฉ ูุงูุชู ุทูุจูู๐๐
ูุงุจูู ุฎููู ูุทูุนูู ุงูliver ุนูุดุงู ุชุดูุญู ุนูู ุงูุบุฏุง ...
ูู ุงุชูุณุงุด ุงู intestine ุจุณ ุชุจูู ุชุงูููุง ูุฑุณุจู ุนูุดุงู ูู ุง ุจูุจูู ุฌูุณู ู ุด ุจูุจูู ุญูู
ูุงูุช ูุจุชูุทุน ุงููุญู ุฉ ุงูุชูุฑ ุฅู ุฏู skeletal muscles ูุงูุช ุดุบุงูุฉ ูู ููู ู ู ุงูุฃูุงู ูุจุชุนู ู flexion, extension
ุนุฑู ุงูููุชู= psoas major ุ ูุชูุฏุฑ ุชุนู ููุง ู ุดููุฉ ุฃู ุนูู ุงูุฌุฑูู
ููู ุณูุฉ ูุงูุชู ุทูุจูู๐๐
๐16โค4โคโ๐ฅ2๐คฃ1
#mtest_upper
ุฏู ู ูุฎุต ููุชูุณุช 1 ู ุฏู ุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุนูููุง ูุง ุดุจุงุจ ๐ฉท
ุฏู ู ูุฎุต ููุชูุณุช 1 ู ุฏู ุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุนูููุง ูุง ุดุจุงุจ ๐ฉท