Parivartan Learning Center (PLC)

HORMONES & THEIR
FUNCTIONS

🔰 Growth Hormone (GH) Or Somatotropic Hormone (STH)
➖☞ Stimulates growth by stimulating protein synthesis.

🔰 Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
➖☞ Stimulates thyroid secretion.

🔰 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
➖☞ Stimulates the production of of steroids by adrenal cortex.

🔰 GONADOTROPIC HORMONES
(i) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
➖☞ Stimulates gamate, production, secration of sex hormones, development of follicles.

(ii) Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone( ICSH) or Luteinising Hormone (LH)
➖☞ stimulates the leydig cells of testis and induces secretion of testosterone. stimulates development of Corpus luteum and ovulation in female.

🔰 LUTEOTROPIC HORMONE ( LTH) or PROLACTIN
➖☞ Stimulates the growth of mammary glands, lactation and maintenance of Corpus luteum.

🔰 MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE(MSH)
➖☞ Controls dispersal of melanophores , in man it is doubtful.

🔰 OXYTOCIN
➖☞ stimulates secretion of milk from mammary glands ; causes contraction of uterus at the time of child birth.

🔰 ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE ADH (Vasopressin)
➖☞ Stimulates the nephrons for reabsorption of water.
Stimulates contraction of smooth muscles , blood vessels and causes rise in blood pressure.

🔰 THYROXINE (T4) and TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3)
➖☞ Control metabolism , regulate body temperature by calorigenic action.

🔰 THYROCALCITONIN (TCT)
➖☞ Controls calcium (Ca++) level in blood , Check osteoporosis .

🔰 PARATHORMONE
➖☞ Maintains proper level of calcium and phosphorus by regulating renal action , thus , controlling calcium and phosphate amount in bones.

🔰 INSULIN (from β cells)
➖☞ Stimulates metabolism of carbohydrates. Influences the storage and utilization of sugar , inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis stimulates glycogenesis.

🔰 GLUCAGON (From a Cell)
➖☞ Influences the enzymatic action of phosphorylase , controlling glycogenolysis in tha liver and muscles ; increases the amount of sugar in blood.
Antagonistic to insulin , inhibits glycogenesis.

🔰 SOMATOSTATIN(SS)
➖☞ Suppresses the release of hormones from the pancrease and digestive track.

🔰 PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE
➖☞ Inhibits the release of digestive secretion of the pancrease.

🔰 ADRENALINE (Epinephrine) and NORADRENALINE (Norepinephrine)
➖☞ Regulates heart beat , blood pressure , sympathetic nervous system , contraction of involuntary muscles of lung , eyes , gut etc. , Production of blood , flow of saliva and sweat under emotional state.

🔰 ADRENOCORTICOIDS
➖☞ Regulate water and electrolyte balance, regulate fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism; stimulate development of male and female secondary sexual characters.

🔰 TESTOSTERONE (leydig's cells)
➖☞ Affects the normal development and functions of secondary sexual organs and characters in male.
➖☞ Stimulate formation of sperms

🔰 ESTROGEN (graafian follicles )
➖☞ Affects development and maintenance of secondary sexual characters in female.
➖☞ Stimulate maturation of ova.

🔰 PROGESTERONE ( ovary and Corpus luteum )
➖☞ Stimulates uterus for pregnancy, implantation and formation of placenta, also stimulates mammary glands.

🔰 RELAXIN ( Corpus luteum )
➖☞ relaxes ligaments of pelvic girdle at the time of birth.

🔰 HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN or HCG (placenta)
➖☞ Prevents disintegration of the Corpus luteum and maintains progesterone production.

🔰 Serotonin
➖☞ Helps in vasoconstriction of blood vessels.

🔰 MELATONIN
➖☞ Reduces quantity of FSH and LH, Acts as anti gonadotropic hormone.

🔰THYMOSIN
➖☞ Regulates growth, stimulates proliferation of lymphocytes and also hastens sexual maturity.

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