13. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IONS HAS THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION IN SALIVA UNDER BASAL CONDITION?
Anonymous Quiz
82%
BICARBONATES
3%
CHLORIDE
5%
HYDROGEN
10%
SODIUM
15- during vomiting
Anonymous Quiz
8%
pylorus is relaxing
66%
wall of stomach is passive
2%
lower esophageal sphincter is contracting
24%
wall of stomach is contracting
16. IN INFANTS, DEFECATION OFTEN FOLLOWS A MEAL, THE CAUSE OF COLONIC CONTRACTION IN THIS SITUATION IS
Anonymous Quiz
2%
DECREASED CIRCULATING LEVELS OF CCK
83%
THE GASTRO COLIC REFLEX
6%
INCREASED CIRCULATING LEVELS OF SOMATOSTATIN
9%
THE ENTEROGASTRIC REFLEX
17. ALL THE FOLLOWING CAUSE SECRETION OF GASTRIC JUICE DURING CEPHALIC PHASE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A-FOOD IN MOUTH
2%
SIGHT OF FOOD
86%
FOOD IN STOMACH
4%
THOUGHT OF FOOD
18. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE AS REGARDS PANCREATIC SECRETIONS?
Anonymous Quiz
2%
A-CCK CAUSES RELEASE OF BICARBONATE
5%
B-SECRETIN CAUSES RELEASE OF ENZYMES
3%
C-GASTRIN STIMULATES RELEASE OF ENZYMES
90%
D-CCK STIMULATES RELEASE OF ENZYMES WHILE SECRETIN STIMULATES RELEASE OF BICARBONATE
❤1
19. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE PRIMARY PHYSIOLOGICAL STIMULUS FOR GALL-BLADDER CONTRACTION DURING THE DIGESTIVE PERIOD?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
A-ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF SECRETIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
2%
B-AMINO ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF MOTILIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
4%
C-DISTENSION-INDUCED RELEASE OF GLUCAGON FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
89%
D-FAT-INDUCED RELEASE OF CHOLECYSTOKININ FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
20. THE LIVER IS AN IMPORTANT ORGAN WHICH HAS HORMONAL FUNCTION. IT SECRETES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCES EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A-FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21(FGF-21)
7%
B-ANGIOTENSINOGEN
4%
C-INSULIN GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1)
86%
D-CCK
21. ALL THE FOLLOWING INHIBIT THE FEEDING CENTER AND FOOD INTAKE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A-CCK
8%
B-GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE
83%
C-GHRELIN
2%
D-GASTROINTESTINAL DISTENSION
22. KARIM, A STUDENT AT FACULTY OF MEDICINE (KASR ALAINY), HAS A BMI OF 28. SO, KARIM FALLS WITHIN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING RANGES?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A- UNDERWEIGHT
20%
B-HEALTHY WEIGHT
72%
C-OVERWEIGHT
3%
D-OBESE
23. A MAJOR MEANS FOR CONSERVING BODY HEAT IS:
Anonymous Quiz
80%
A-VASOCONSTRICTION OF CUTANEOUS BLOOD VESSELS
18%
B- INCREASED METABOLIC RATE
2%
C-ENHANCING SWEATING
0%
D-INCREASED CONVECTIVE LOSS
24- THE PLASMA FILTRATION OCCURS AT:
Anonymous Quiz
2%
A-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
97%
B-GLOMERULUS
0%
C- COLLECTING TUBULES
2%
D-LOOPS OF HENLE
25. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DEFINES RENAL TUBULAR SECRETION?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
A- TRANSFER OF WATER AND SOLUTES FROM THE TUBULAR LUMEN INTO BLOOD
5%
B-TRANSFER OF PLASMA FROM GLOMERULAR CAPILLARIES INTO BOWMAN'S CAPSULE
77%
C-TRANSFER OF SOLUTES FROM THE BLOOD INTO THE TUBULAR LUMEN
7%
D-EXCRETION OF WASTE PRODUCTS IN URINE
26. RENAL NEPHRONS DEALS WITH WATER BY ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
11%
WATER FILTRATION
5%
WATER REABSORPTION
13%
WATER EXCRETION
71%
WATER SECRETION
27. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PLASMA SUBSTANCES IS NOT FILTERED THROUGH THE GLOMERULAR MEMBRANE?
Anonymous Quiz
93%
A-PLASMA PROTEINS
5%
B-GLUCOSE
2%
C-SODIUM IONS
0%
D- WATER
🥰1
28. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD CAUSE AN INCREASE IN GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR)?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A- HYPERPROTEINEMIA
87%
B-DILATION OF AFFERENT ARTERIOLE.
5%
C-DILATION OF EFFERENT ARTERIOLE
0%
D- OBSTRUCTION OF THE URETER BY STONE.
29. THE NORMAL COLLOIDAL OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF BOWMAN'S CAPSULE EQUALS:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A-60 MMHG
86%
B-ZERO MMHG
11%
C-32 MMHG
3%
D-18 MMHG
30. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NEPHRON SEGMENTS IS IMPERMEABLE TO WATER REABSORPTION
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
75%
B-THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE
16%
C-THIN DESCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE
2%
D-PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
31. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING HORMONES INCREASE NA REABSORPTION EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
81%
A-ENDOTHELIN
11%
B-ESTROGEN
3%
C-ALDOSTERONE
5%
D-ANGIOTENSIN II
33. GLUCOSE STARTS TO APPEAR IN URINE WHEN RENAL THRESHOLD FOR GLUCOSE IN VENOUS BLO IS ABOVE
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A-70 MG/DL
8%
B-300 MG/DL
90%
C-180 MG/DL
2%
D-400 MG/DL