The following are target endpoints for atropine therapy in organic
phosphate poisoning EXCEPT:
phosphate poisoning EXCEPT:
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70%
a. Bradycardia < 60 beats / minute
10%
Dry axilla and muoth
10%
Mydriasis
10%
SBP>80 mmHg
Choose the incorrect statement about M2 receptors
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24%
Main site is the heart
6%
Present presynaptically on the cholinergic neurons
45%
They are Gs coupled
18%
They decrease intracellular cAMP
6%
Open k channels causing hyperpolarization
Atropine has the following pharmacological effects EXEPT:
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3%
a. Decreases gastric acid secretion
13%
b. Has a mydriatic effect
79%
c. Produces bronchoconstriction
5%
d. Increases the heart rate
Hyoscine differs from atropine in that it:
Anonymous Quiz
61%
a. Exerts depressant effects on the CNS at relatively low doses
7%
b. Contraindicated in thyrotoxicosis
25%
c. Is longer acting
7%
d. Has weaker antimotion sickness activity
Rivastigmine is anticholinesterase used in the treatmnet of
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0%
Glaucoma
75%
Alzheimer disease
13%
Bronchial asthma
13%
Myasthenia gravis
Atropine produces all the following actions on the eye except
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9%
Increase IOP
15%
passive mydriasis
12%
Cycloplegia
65%
Effect ends after 7 to 10 hrs
The first vascular response to injury is:
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2%
a) Slowing of the circulation
7%
b) Venular dilation
2%
c) Recruitment of vascular beds
0%
d) Capillary engorgement
89%
e) Arteriolar vasoconstriction
16. The epithelioid cells of granulomas are:
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7%
a) Fibroblasts
87%
b) Modified macrophages
2%
c) Plasma cells
4%
d) Lymphocytes
. The first vascular response to injury is:
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0%
a) Slowing of the circulation
4%
b) Venular dilation
0%
c) Recruitment of vascular beds
2%
d) Capillary engorgement
94%
e) Arteriolar vasoconstriction
. Regarding chemical mediators of inflammation:
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12%
a) Histamine is particularly produced by basophils
34%
b) Leukotrienes is a potent chemotactic agent for platelets
17%
c) C3a and C3b increase vascular permeability
37%
d) Leukotrienes are produced by neutrophils and some
7. Vascular hyperemia:
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60%
a) is caused by inflammatory mediators
0%
b) results in cyanosis
40%
c) results in oedema
0%
d) results in brown induration
15. In acute inflammation, which is the correct sequence of events with regard to vascular flow and caliber?
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2%
a) Vasodilation, margination, stasis, vasoconstriction
2%
b) Vasoconstriction, stasis, margination, vasodilation
93%
d) Vasoconstriction, vasodilation, stasis, margination
2%
e) Vasodilation, vasoconstriction, stasis, margination
0%
c) Vasodilation, stasis, vasoconstriction, marginaiton
17. Chronic inflammation is characterized by all of the below except:
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5%
a) Tissue destruction
67%
b) Marked edema
7%
c) Fibrosis
21%
d) Increased tissue concentration of lymphocytes
. Which of these is not a clinical feature of inflammation?
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4%
a) redness
85%
b) necrosis
6%
c) pain
4%
d) heat
. What is the name for the protein-rich extravascular fluid produced in inflammation?
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3%
a) transudate
3%
b) blood
0%
c) pus
95%
d) exudate
35. During the early stages of the inflammatory response, histamine induced increased vascular permeability is most likely to occur in
Anonymous Quiz
8%
a) Arteries
30%
b) Pre-capillary arterioles
10%
c) Capillaries
43%
d) Post-capillary venules
10%
e) Veins
36. Which one of the listed substances is produced by the action of lipoxygenase on arachidonic acid, is a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophils, and causes aggregation and adhesion of leukocytes?
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11%
a) C5a
6%
b) Prostacyclin
6%
c) IL-8
8%
d) Thromboxane A2
69%
e) Leukotriene B4
During acute inflammation, histamine-induced increased vascular permeability causes the formation of exudates (inflammatory edema)Which one of the listed cell types is the most likely source of the histamine that causes the increased vascular permeability
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11%
a) Endothelial cells
3%
b) Fibroblasts
0%
c) Lymphocytes
84%
d) Mast cells
3%
e) Neutrophils