Spermatogonia differentiate into spermatids

Spermatids change into spermatozoa by metamorphosis

Spermatogonia migrate to the primitive male gonads

Spermatozoa are propelled towards the duct system.

Migration of two centrioles

Pinching off excess cytoplasm

Acrosomal vesicle covers anterior 1/3 of nucleus.

Mitochondria are arranged to form the middle piece segment.

Could result from gonadotropin suppression

Sperms have inefficient movement

Retained sperms are phagocytosed by macrophages.

is the failure of testicular descent to the scrotum

Mitochondria aggregate below the neck

Acrosomal cap spreads to cover the anterior 2/3 of nucleus.

Two centrioles migrate to the opposite pole of the spermatid.

Excess cytoplasm is pinched off

Secondary spermatocyte

Primary spermatocyte

Dark type A spermatogonia

Type B spermatogonia

Inhibin

Testosterone

Anti-Mullerian hormone

FSH

Contain diploid number of chromosomes

Produced under direct effect of LH

Difficult to be seen in testicular sections.

Is the final step in spermatogonial stage.

It is produced by Leydig cells

It is produced under the control of LH of anterior pituitary.

It accumulates testosterone inside the seminiferous tubule.

It is secreted in the pre-pubertal testis.

They have large dark nuclei.

They are sensitive to harmful substances

They have well-defined lateral borders

They have pale acidophilic cytoplasm

Scanty rER & SER

Numerous mitochondria and lysosomes.

Poorly developed cytoskeleton of microtubules

Few lipid droplets

Easily affected by elevated testicular temperature

Show lipofuscin granules in elderly.

Very rich in rER

Have basophilic cytoplasm

Cells forming acini

Reinke's crystalloids within their cytoplasm

Branched cells with dark nuclei

Polygonal cells among fenestrated blood capillaries.

Is achieved in the efferent ductules

Is due to glycoproteins secreted by the epididymis

Means that sperms are fully capacitated

Starts only in female fallopian tube

Ejaculatory ducts

Rete testis

Epididymis

Vas deferens

Rete testis.

Seminal vesicle.

Epididymis.

Vasa efferentitia.

-It is a single muscular tube 4-6 m long.

- Its ampulla is joined by duct of seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct.

- Lined by stratified columnar epithelium,

-Its musculosa is formed of two layers of smooth muscle fibers.

Flow of urine is not affected.

- Prostatic mucosal and submucosal acini are enlarged

- Affects mainly the main prostatic acini.

- More common in young age.

- Vas deferens.

. Dartos muscle.

Pampiniform plexus of veins.

Testicular artery.

Lined by stratified columnar epithelium.

Their secretion gives about 25% of the seminal fluid.

Their secretion is viscid & yellowish.

Their secretion is rich in fibrinolysin.

Compound tubular gland.

Compound tubuloalveolar gland.

Simple branched tubular gland.

Compound alveolar gland.