Complications of antibiotics include the following EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
9%
Hypersensitivity
27%
Superinfection
64%
Selective toxicity
0%
Emergence of resistant mutants
The following are complications of antibiotics EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Toxicity
82%
Immunodeficiency
9%
Drug resistance
9%
Allergy
0%
Superinfection
Opportunistic pathogens:
Anonymous Quiz
56%
Many of them are originally commensals
38%
Can cause disease in immunocompetent individuals
0%
Live freely in nature
6%
Are highly virulent organisms
Virulence factors include all the following EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Capsules
83%
Ribosomes
17%
Enzymes
0%
Adherence factors
All the following are antiphagocytic factors EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Capsule
0%
Spore
44%
M protein & protein A
56%
Coagulase
All the following concern exotoxins EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
7%
They are highly antigenic
47%
They have non-specific action
40%
They are produced by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
7%
They are encoded by chromosomal phage or plasmid genes
Exotoxins have the following characters, EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
They may be encoded by genes on the chromosome
9%
They can be converted to toxins
18%
They have specific action
73%
They are heat stable
All of the following about exotoxins are true EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
21%
More toxic than the same amount of endotoxins
0%
Protein in nature
14%
Highly potent
64%
Induce septic shock
Endotoxins belong to a class of biological molecules called
Anonymous Quiz
11%
Lipoproteins
78%
Lipopolysaccharides
11%
Nucleic acids
0%
Proteins
All the following concern endotoxins EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
78%
They can be converted toxoids formalin
11%
They have nonspecific action
11%
They are heat stable
0%
They are encoded by chromosomal genes
All the following concern endotoxins EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
14%
They are located in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria
14%
They produce fever
7%
They cause hypotension
64%
They are encoded. by genes on the chromosome, plasmids or or prophage
Endotoxins are encoded by genes on the
Anonymous Quiz
67%
Chromosomes
11%
Plasmids
0%
Transposons
0%
Prophages
22%
Any of the above
Viruses differ from bacteria in the following EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
They are very small in size
63%
They contain two types of nucleic acid
25%
They are obligatory intracellular parasites
0%
They need ultra-centrifugation for their sedimentation
13%
They can be seen by the electron microscope
Viruses differ from bacteria in all the following EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
They contain one type of nucleic acid
0%
They can pass through bacterial filters
92%
They divide by binary fission
8%
They are not susceptible to antibiotics
0%
They cannot be grown on artificial media
Viruses differ from bacteria in all the following EXCEPT
Anonymous Quiz
13%
They have no cell structure
13%
They cannot be seen by light microscope
0%
They are not susceptible to antibiotics
50%
They can be grown on artificial media
25%
They contain either DNA or RNA
All the following concerning the viral envelope are correct EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
33%
It is formed of lipid or lipoprotein
8%
It is derived partly from the host cell membrane
50%
Enveloped viruses enter the host cell by endocytosis
8%
It may have glycoprotein spikes
Regarding the viral envelope all the following are correct EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
38%
It is the organ of attachment
0%
It has glycoprotein spikes in some viruses
0%
It helps the virus to enter the host cell by fusion
63%
It is totally derived from the host cell membranes
0%
It contains lipids or lipoproteins