A newborn infant is noted to be profoundly hypotonic at birth; he has a good heart rate but is in respiratory distress. He has a tongue fasciculations. Which of the following investigations is recommended to reach a diagnosis?
Anonymous Quiz
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EMG
50%
Karyotyping
25%
MRI
25%
Muscle enzymes
Which is not a cause of obstructive hydrocephalus?
Anonymous Quiz
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Aquiductal stenosis.
0%
Dandy-Walker malformation
0%
Posterior fossa tumor
100%
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
In spastic cerebral palsy, which of the following is not commonly present?
Anonymous Quiz
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Exaggerated deep tendon reflexes is common
0%
Mental retardation
40%
Sensations are free
60%
True bulbar palsy.
Cerebral palsy is characterized by:
Anonymous Quiz
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Acquired in late childhood
0%
Inherited as autosomal recessive
100%
Non-curable
0%
Slow progression
Causes of mental retardation include
Anonymous Quiz
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Fragile X syndrome
0%
Galactosemia
0%
Tuberous sclerosis
100%
All of the above
Management of status epilepticus should include:
Anonymous Quiz
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Intramuscular diazepam immediately on arrival in hospital
50%
IV Phenytoin if appropriate initial therapy is ineffective.
0%
No need for oxygen at any time during therapy
0%
IV'diazepam is contraindicated because of respiratory centre depression
Find the statement which does not characterize bacterial meningitis:
Anonymous Quiz
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In newborns, the only feature may be bulging of anterior fontanel
50%
Neck rigidity is absent in infancy
0%
Neisseria meningitides is commonest cause in pediatric age groups
50%
Convulsions are common
An absence seizure is usually not characterized by?
Anonymous Quiz
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EEG findings are characteristic.
0%
Precipitated by hyperventilation.
0%
There is no aura
100%
Typically the child falls to the ground during an attack.
Which is not true about febrile convulsions?
Anonymous Quiz
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Occurs in children aged from six months to five years.
0%
Often involve other children in the family
0%
Simple febrile seizures are more common
100%
Usually occurs after drop of fever.
The following anticonvulsant treatment is not appropriate?
Anonymous Quiz
50%
ACTH for infantile spasm.
0%
Ethosuximide for absence seizures
50%
Phenytoin as first choice for absence seizures
0%
Sodium valproate for primary generalized tonic clonic seizures
Find the statement which characterizes bacterial meningitis in infancy.
Anonymous Quiz
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Convulsions never occur
0%
CSF protein may be normal
100%
Neck rigidity is absent
0%
Neisseria meningitides is commonest cause
Acute bacterial meningitis cannot cause
Anonymous Quiz
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Acute adrenal failure
33%
Blindness
0%
Deafness
67%
Decrease sugar and protein
In aseptic meningitis, protein and glucose CSF show:
Anonymous Quiz
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Increased protein and decreased glucose
0%
Increased protein and glucose
100%
Normal glucose and protein may increase
0%
Normal protein and decreased glucose,
In acute bacterial meningitis, the CSF protein and glucose will show:
Anonymous Quiz
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Increased protein and decreased glucose.
50%
Increased protein and glucose.
0%
Normal protein and decreased glucose.
0%
Normal protein and glucose.
Flaccid paralysis is not seen in
Anonymous Quiz
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Acute infectious polyneuritis
50%
Cerebral diplegia
0%
Poliomyelitis
50%
Werdnig Hoffmann disease
One of the following is not a feature of Werdnig Hoffman disease:
Anonymous Quiz
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Choking and dysphagia.
100%
Mental retardation
0%
Muscle wasting
0%
Tongue fasciculations.
Hypotonia without significant weakness is a characteristic of:
Anonymous Quiz
100%
Down's syndrome
0%
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
0%
Guillain-Barre syndrome
0%
Werdnig-Hoffinann disease.
Select the true statement regarding Guillain-Barre syndrome:
Anonymous Quiz
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Is caused by lesions in the anterior horn cells.
0%
It is genetically determined.
100%
Mechanical ventilation may be needed
0%
Respiratory muscles are never affected.
In Guillain-Barre syndrome, Which is false ?
Anonymous Quiz
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Ascending paralysis.
50%
Asymmetrical paralysis
0%
IV immunoglobulin is one of the lines of therapy.
50%
Sensory manifestations may be present