The pancreas is never a content in a hernia because it is:
a) A retroperitoneal organ
b) Plastered on the vertebral column c) A complex organ d) Intimately related to the duodenum

Herniotomy involves which surgical action?
a) Closure of the defect without tension
b) Excision of the sac c) Repair of the defect by approximation d) Placement of synthetic mesh

All of the following are manifestations of a strangulated hernia, except:
a) Intestinal obstruction
b) Painful swelling c) Tense and tender swelling d) Impulse on cough

Which of the following is a common cause of irreducibility in hernias?
a) Acute inflammation
b) Adhesions within the sac c) Strangulation d) Increased intra-abdominal pressure

Which is the primary function of the transversalis fascia?
a) Protection against hernia formation
b) Muscle contraction c) Blood supply to the canal d) Support of the scrotum

The most common incisional hernia in the followings is:
a) Post appendectomy through McBurney incision.
b) Post caesarean through Pfannensteil incision. c) Post splenectomy through left paramedian incision. d) Post midline laparotomy for peritonitis

.ABSOLUTE CONSTIPATION AND VOMITING WITH HERNIA IS DIAGNOSED IN THEFIRST POSSIBILITY AS:
a) Irreducible.
b) Obstructed. c) Strangulated. d) Inflamed.

THE PROPER TREATMENT FOR STRANGULATED HERNIA IS:
a) Taxis.
b) Ryle tube, IV fluids antibiotics and watchful waiting. c) Ryle tube, IV fluids antibiotics and urgent surgery. d) Immediate surgery

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT POSSIBLE TO BE HERNIA SAC CONTENT:
a) Spleen
b) Liver. c) Kidney. d) Pancreas.

THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON TO IDENTIFY THE CAUSE OF THE HERNIA IS:
a)To treat it first to avoid recurrence.
b) To decide the method of repair. c) To select the approach. d) To select type of sutures.