19. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE PRIMARY PHYSIOLOGICAL STIMULUS FOR GALL-BLADDER CONTRACTION DURING THE DIGESTIVE PERIOD?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
A-ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF SECRETIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
2%
B-AMINO ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF MOTILIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
4%
C-DISTENSION-INDUCED RELEASE OF GLUCAGON FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
89%
D-FAT-INDUCED RELEASE OF CHOLECYSTOKININ FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
20. THE LIVER IS AN IMPORTANT ORGAN WHICH HAS HORMONAL FUNCTION. IT SECRETES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCES EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A-FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21(FGF-21)
7%
B-ANGIOTENSINOGEN
4%
C-INSULIN GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1)
86%
D-CCK
21. ALL THE FOLLOWING INHIBIT THE FEEDING CENTER AND FOOD INTAKE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A-CCK
8%
B-GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE
83%
C-GHRELIN
2%
D-GASTROINTESTINAL DISTENSION
22. KARIM, A STUDENT AT FACULTY OF MEDICINE (KASR ALAINY), HAS A BMI OF 28. SO, KARIM FALLS WITHIN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING RANGES?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A- UNDERWEIGHT
20%
B-HEALTHY WEIGHT
72%
C-OVERWEIGHT
3%
D-OBESE
23. A MAJOR MEANS FOR CONSERVING BODY HEAT IS:
Anonymous Quiz
80%
A-VASOCONSTRICTION OF CUTANEOUS BLOOD VESSELS
18%
B- INCREASED METABOLIC RATE
2%
C-ENHANCING SWEATING
0%
D-INCREASED CONVECTIVE LOSS
24- THE PLASMA FILTRATION OCCURS AT:
Anonymous Quiz
2%
A-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
97%
B-GLOMERULUS
0%
C- COLLECTING TUBULES
2%
D-LOOPS OF HENLE
25. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DEFINES RENAL TUBULAR SECRETION?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
A- TRANSFER OF WATER AND SOLUTES FROM THE TUBULAR LUMEN INTO BLOOD
5%
B-TRANSFER OF PLASMA FROM GLOMERULAR CAPILLARIES INTO BOWMAN'S CAPSULE
77%
C-TRANSFER OF SOLUTES FROM THE BLOOD INTO THE TUBULAR LUMEN
7%
D-EXCRETION OF WASTE PRODUCTS IN URINE
26. RENAL NEPHRONS DEALS WITH WATER BY ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
11%
WATER FILTRATION
5%
WATER REABSORPTION
13%
WATER EXCRETION
71%
WATER SECRETION
27. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PLASMA SUBSTANCES IS NOT FILTERED THROUGH THE GLOMERULAR MEMBRANE?
Anonymous Quiz
93%
A-PLASMA PROTEINS
5%
B-GLUCOSE
2%
C-SODIUM IONS
0%
D- WATER
🥰1
28. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD CAUSE AN INCREASE IN GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR)?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A- HYPERPROTEINEMIA
87%
B-DILATION OF AFFERENT ARTERIOLE.
5%
C-DILATION OF EFFERENT ARTERIOLE
0%
D- OBSTRUCTION OF THE URETER BY STONE.
29. THE NORMAL COLLOIDAL OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF BOWMAN'S CAPSULE EQUALS:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A-60 MMHG
86%
B-ZERO MMHG
11%
C-32 MMHG
3%
D-18 MMHG
30. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NEPHRON SEGMENTS IS IMPERMEABLE TO WATER REABSORPTION
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A-DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
75%
B-THICK ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE
16%
C-THIN DESCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE
2%
D-PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
31. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING HORMONES INCREASE NA REABSORPTION EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
81%
A-ENDOTHELIN
11%
B-ESTROGEN
3%
C-ALDOSTERONE
5%
D-ANGIOTENSIN II
33. GLUCOSE STARTS TO APPEAR IN URINE WHEN RENAL THRESHOLD FOR GLUCOSE IN VENOUS BLO IS ABOVE
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A-70 MG/DL
8%
B-300 MG/DL
90%
C-180 MG/DL
2%
D-400 MG/DL
34. GLUCOSE IS TRANSPORTED THROUGH THE BASOLATERAL BORDER OF PROXIMAL TUBULAR CELLS
Anonymous Quiz
87%
A-FACILITATED DIFFUSION.
8%
B- COUNTER TRANSPORT
5%
C-PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT
0%
D- OSMOSIS
35. IN PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES, ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE TRUE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
10%
A- 100% OF GLUCOSE AND AMINO ACIDS ARE REABSORBED.
3%
B-67% OF NA IONS ARE REABSORBED
8%
C-WATER WILL BE REABSORBED THROUGH AQUAPORIN-1 WATER CHANNELS.
78%
D. THE OSMOLARITY OF THE FLUID LEAVING IT IS HYPER OSMOTIC IN RELATION TO THE PLASMA.
37. THE MOST IMPORTANT MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR CREATING HIGH OSMOLARITY OF MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM IS:
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A. VASA RECTA THAT ACTS AS A COUNTERCURRENT EXCHANGE SYSTEM.
84%
B. LOOP OF HENLE THAT ACTS AS A COUNTERCURRENT MULTIPLIER SYSTEM.
5%
C. PASSIVE DIFFUSION OF LARGE AMOUNT OF UREA INTO THE MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM.
2%
D. SLUGGISH MEDULLARY BLOOD FLOW
38. A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL WHO IS ON HIGH K DIET EXHIBITS INCREASED K' EXCRETION DUE TO:
Anonymous Quiz
60%
A-INCREASED SECRETION OF K' BY THE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
22%
B-DECREASED REABSORPTION OF K BY PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
7%
C-DECREASED AIDOSTERONE SECRETION
11%
D-INCREASED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE