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What is Sarkaria Commission?

The Sarkaria Commission, formally known as the "Commission on Centre-State Relations," was a commission established by the Government of India. It was set up to examine and recommend changes to the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the central government and state governments. The commission aimed to enhance cooperation and coordination between the central and state governments in India's federal structure. The commission's recommendations helped guide the relationship between the central government and the states, but not all of its recommendations were implemented. The sarkaria commission was set up in 1983.

Historical Background of Sarkaria Commission

Framers of the Constitution were deeply concerned about ensuring unity and integrity of the nation. At the time of independence, the constitution made provisions for cooperative federation.
But, the agitation for state autonomy led to the creation of the Sarkaria Commission.
The commission was to suggest recommendations to improve Center-State Relations.
Accordingly, the commission was constituted in 1983.
The chairman of the commission was R.S Sarkaria. The other members of the commission were Shri B. Sivaraman and Dr. S.R. Sen.

Major Features of Sarkaria Commission

The Sarkaria Commission presented its report to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in October 1987.
The report contains 247 recommendations organized into 19 chapters.
It primarily focuses on the relationship between Indian states and the central government.
While not mandatory, the court has referenced these recommendations on various occasions.
The commission also touches on Article 356's utilization and the Governor's role in legislative matters.
Sarkaria Commission discusses the benefits of Article 252 and constraints on the Indian government's power.
It suggests forming a stable council in all states under Article 263, granting the authority to investigate and mediate disputes among Indian states.

Sarkaria Commission Report

The Sarkaria Commission submitted its report on 27 October 1987.
It recommended a total of 247 recommendations.
Recommendations were especially in legislative matters, the role of Governors, Article 356.

Areas Covered Under Sarkaria Commission

Emergency provisions (Article 356)
Role of Governors
Financial matters
National Economic and Development Council
Inter-State Council (Article 263)
All-India Services
Residuary powers
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