đá á˛áľ á¨áááá፠áĽá ááá°á á˛á᪠áľáá
ááľ áŽááśá˝
đ§á á ááť áá ááľáľá ᨠáááá፠áĽá ááá°á á˛á᪠áľáá ááľ ááá áľ á¨áŁááľááť á áŤááľ áľáĽá°áŁ á EiABC áĽá á AEBE (Association of Ethiopian Building Engineers) á ááŤáááľ á°ááá áś áá áá˘
đŤá áá á¨áŁááľááťáá˝ á¨áááá áľáĽá°áŁ áá ᨠBSc Building Engineering áĽá ᨠMSc Advanced Building Engineering áááááĽáŽá˝ áááá á°á°áááŁá¸á áá áá˘
Via á áá ááłá¸á
@etconp
đ§á á ááť áá ááľáľá ᨠáááá፠áĽá ááá°á á˛á᪠áľáá ááľ ááá áľ á¨áŁááľááť á áŤááľ áľáĽá°áŁ á EiABC áĽá á AEBE (Association of Ethiopian Building Engineers) á ááŤáááľ á°ááá áś áá áá˘
đŤá áá á¨áŁááľááťáá˝ á¨áááá áľáĽá°áŁ áá ᨠBSc Building Engineering áĽá ᨠMSc Advanced Building Engineering áááááĽáŽá˝ áááá á°á°áááŁá¸á áá áá˘
Via á áá ááłá¸á
@etconp
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Punching shear in a footing develops at
Anonymous Quiz
19%
Top of the footing
24%
Bottom of a footing
46%
Axis junction of a column and footing
11%
Bottom end of a footing
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đá áááŤá˝á áá á YOUTUBE áťááá˝á á á˛áľ á¨áá á¨áłá˝ áŁáá ááá ááĽá°á
đ§áĽááľáá°áŤááš ááľááááľ áŞáľáŽá á áááâ¤ď¸
https://www.youtube.com/@ETHIOCONp
@etconp
SUBSCRIBE á áá¨á á¤á°á°áĽ ááá áĽáá˛áá áááłá
á áŤááŠđ§áĽááľáá°áŤááš ááľááááľ áŞáľáŽá á áááâ¤ď¸
https://www.youtube.com/@ETHIOCONp
@etconp
đ7â¤3
Intercon Construction Chemicals
đ Authorized agent of MC (Conmix), Weber and SIMENTEK
â Concrete Admixtures
â Bonding Agents
â Waterproofings
â Concrete Repair, Grout
â Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
â Wall Putty, Prime Coat, Rush Coat
â Quartz, Contextra
â Specialized paints (Thermal and Insulation Paints, Street and Playground Paints)
â Floor hardener, Epoxy
â Geotextiles, Geo-membranes and other construction chemicals and materials
Tel: 0961955555 or 0961955559
Address: Signal, around signal mall
đ Authorized agent of MC (Conmix), Weber and SIMENTEK
â Concrete Admixtures
â Bonding Agents
â Waterproofings
â Concrete Repair, Grout
â Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers
â Wall Putty, Prime Coat, Rush Coat
â Quartz, Contextra
â Specialized paints (Thermal and Insulation Paints, Street and Playground Paints)
â Floor hardener, Epoxy
â Geotextiles, Geo-membranes and other construction chemicals and materials
Tel: 0961955555 or 0961955559
Address: Signal, around signal mall
đ3â¤1
đStructural failures in construction can have various causes, ranging from design flaws to material defects and construction errors. Here are some common causes of construction structural failures:
1. Poor Design: Inadequate structural analysis, underestimation of loads, improper dimensioning of members, or flawed design calculations can lead to structural failure.
2. Material Defects: The use of substandard or defective materials, including poor quality concrete, steel, or other building materials, can compromise the structural integrity of a building.
3. Construction Errors: Mistakes made during the construction phase, such as poor workmanship, inadequate supervision, improper sequencing of construction activities, or deviations from the design specifications, can weaken the structure.
4. Foundation Issues: Problems with the foundation, such as poor soil conditions, inadequate site investigation, improper foundation design, or incorrect construction techniques, can result in structural failure.
5. Natural Disasters: Events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, or other natural disasters can exceed the structure's design capacity and lead to collapse.
6. Overloading: Excessive loading beyond the structure's capacity, whether due to occupancy changes, additional equipment, or storage of heavy materials, can cause structural failure.
7. Corrosion: The deterioration of structural elements due to corrosion, especially in coastal areas or environments with high humidity, can weaken the structure over time.
8. Aging Infrastructure: Old structures may deteriorate over time due to wear and tear, lack of maintenance, or inadequate rehabilitation and repair efforts.
9. Fire Damage: Fires can weaken structural elements, compromising their load-bearing capacity and leading to collapse.
10. Improper Maintenance: Neglecting regular maintenance, inspections, and repairs can allow structural issues to worsen over time, eventually leading to failure.
11. Vibration or Impact: Continuous vibration from machinery, nearby construction activities, or impact from vehicles or heavy equipment can weaken structural elements and cause failure.
12. Poor Welding or Joint Design: Improper welding techniques or inadequate joint design in steel structures can lead to weak connections and potential failure under load.
13. Settlement: Differential settlement in the foundation, where different parts of the structure settle at different rates, can cause stress and structural failure.
đ§To prevent structural failures, it is crucial to ensure proper design, quality materials, skilled construction practices, regular maintenance, and adherence to safety standards and building codes throughout the lifespan of a structure.
@etconp
1. Poor Design: Inadequate structural analysis, underestimation of loads, improper dimensioning of members, or flawed design calculations can lead to structural failure.
2. Material Defects: The use of substandard or defective materials, including poor quality concrete, steel, or other building materials, can compromise the structural integrity of a building.
3. Construction Errors: Mistakes made during the construction phase, such as poor workmanship, inadequate supervision, improper sequencing of construction activities, or deviations from the design specifications, can weaken the structure.
4. Foundation Issues: Problems with the foundation, such as poor soil conditions, inadequate site investigation, improper foundation design, or incorrect construction techniques, can result in structural failure.
5. Natural Disasters: Events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, or other natural disasters can exceed the structure's design capacity and lead to collapse.
6. Overloading: Excessive loading beyond the structure's capacity, whether due to occupancy changes, additional equipment, or storage of heavy materials, can cause structural failure.
7. Corrosion: The deterioration of structural elements due to corrosion, especially in coastal areas or environments with high humidity, can weaken the structure over time.
8. Aging Infrastructure: Old structures may deteriorate over time due to wear and tear, lack of maintenance, or inadequate rehabilitation and repair efforts.
9. Fire Damage: Fires can weaken structural elements, compromising their load-bearing capacity and leading to collapse.
10. Improper Maintenance: Neglecting regular maintenance, inspections, and repairs can allow structural issues to worsen over time, eventually leading to failure.
11. Vibration or Impact: Continuous vibration from machinery, nearby construction activities, or impact from vehicles or heavy equipment can weaken structural elements and cause failure.
12. Poor Welding or Joint Design: Improper welding techniques or inadequate joint design in steel structures can lead to weak connections and potential failure under load.
13. Settlement: Differential settlement in the foundation, where different parts of the structure settle at different rates, can cause stress and structural failure.
đ§To prevent structural failures, it is crucial to ensure proper design, quality materials, skilled construction practices, regular maintenance, and adherence to safety standards and building codes throughout the lifespan of a structure.
@etconp
đ21
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Location: Derar Mall 9th floor opposite to Sahlite Mihret Church
đą+251 929 93 0206
đą+251 929 53 1707
www.ektceramics.com
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â¨Trust EKT Ceramics for competitive prices, excellent customer service, and a comprehensive selection of products. Visit us today and start building your dream space!
đHead Office
Location: Derar Mall 9th floor opposite to Sahlite Mihret Church
đą+251 929 93 0206
đą+251 929 53 1707
www.ektceramics.com
#EKTceramics #ethiopia #theklinker #ektceramics #construction #admixture #ceramic #paint #sika #jotun #aquapa #primacera #hanbon #tesaassaabloy #spc #tiles #pprpipe #doorlock #sanitarywares #buildingmaterials
đ2đ2â¤1
đ°á¨ááááľ á°á
áááľ
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ááááśá˝á ááĽáá˝áľ á¨ááłáá ááááŤáśá˝ á ááąá áááá á¨á°ááá°á ááĽá°áľ á áá á ááŤá ááá (Axels load) áá á˘
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á¨á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝á ááĽá°áľ á¨áááŁá á áá á áá á ááááśá˝ áá á¨ááááłááą á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ á¨á°ááá°áá¸á á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áľ áá á á áá ááá á á¨áá°á á᪠á¨á°ááᥠá¨ááááľ á ááłáŽá˝ áá ááłáľ áĽááłáŤá°ááą á¨áá¨áá¨á áĽáá˛áá ááááśá˝ áĽá áľááľáŽá˝ áłáá ááš á á˛ááá áá°á¨áľ á áááááľ ááľá áľ áĽáá˛á˝á ááľá¨á áááĄáĄ
á áááŤá˝á á¨á°ááŤáŠ á áŤáŁá˘áá˝ á áááááľ á ááľá áľ áá á¨ááá á¨ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ áĽá ááá áŚáłá¸ááĄ-
14 ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ á á°ááŤáŠ áŚáłáḠá°áááá á áááááľ á ááľá áľ áá á¨ááá á˛áá ᣠááá á áŤáŁá˘áŤá¸áááĄ- áá ᣠáá᳠ᣠáąáá᳠ᣠá ááłá ᣠá˛á (á°á áł) ᣠáá ᣠáťá¸áá ᣠá áὠᣠá á፠áŁá°ááá ᣠáŽááŚáᝠᣠá˘á (á°áá) áŁáá¨áł ᣠáŠáá (ááá) áá¸áá˘
á á°ááá á¨á áá˝ 7 áĽá á¨á á፠á¨ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ á¨áá°á á¨áá á¨á᪠áĽá áᢠáááľá áŤáľá°áááłá áá ááľáá á¨áŁáŁáľ ááŞáá˝ á¨á áĄá˛ áá° ááá ááá á¨áááááąá áľ áĽá á áá ááľáĽ á ááŤáł á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝á á¨ááŤáľá°áááľ áá á á፠ááłá ááá˘
á ááľáአá¨á°ááá°á áá á á áá á ááŤá á¨ááááłááą á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ á¨ááľá°áá á ááá ááááą áá¨áá°á ááłáľ áĽá¨á°áłá¨á áááááĄáĄ
áá áá ááá°áľ áááááľ áľáá á¨áŤá á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áááá ááá á á¨áá˝áá ááŤáá áľáá áááľ á°áá˘áá á¨á áŁáľ áá፠á¨á¨áá á áá áľááá áĽáá˛áŤáŤáá á ááŤá á áá á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áá áĽáá˛ááľáľ á á áá°áááááĄáĄ
đˇááĽáŤááłááą á ááľá á¨ááááľ á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á
I. á¨áá á á ááľá (Axle) áááľ ááá áśáľáľ áááá˝ á¨á°áá áááľ á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ á¨ááľ áĽá á¨áá á¨á ááľá (Axle) áááá˝ á á áá á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á á¨áá¨á°áá áááĄ-
á) á¨ááľ á ááľá (á¨á᪠á ááľá) Steering Axle á¨áááááľ á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á á¨7.7 áśá (77 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá á¤
á) á¨ááŞá á ááľá (Steering Axle) á᪠áá áá á áá á¨á°áá áááľ á°á¸á¨ááŤáŞ á¨áá á á áá ááĽá°áą á¨8 áśá (80 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
á) á¨ááá á¨á ááľá ááá á áŤáľ áááá˝ á¨á°áá áááľ á¨áá á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áą á¨10 áśá (100 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
II. á¨á°á¸á¨ááŤáŞá á¨á ááľá ááá áŁá áááľ (Tandem Axle Unit) ááá áŁááśáľáľ (Tri-dem axle) á˛áá ᣠáá°á˝á¨ááŤáŞá á¨áááááľ á¨á ááľá (Axle) á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á áĽáá°áá¨á°áá áááĄ-
á) á¨áĽááľ á ááľá (Steering Tandem Axle) ááĽá°áľ áłáá¨áá á á áá á¨áá á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áą á á ááľ áá á°á°áᎠá¨18 áśá (180 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
âď¸á áááá ááá á¨á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áŁáááĽá¨áśá˝á á á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ áĽáá˛áá á¨ááááľ á°á áááá˝ á¨á˘áľáŽáľáŤ ááááśá˝ á áľá°áłá°á áá á áá°áŁá á á¨áá°á á¨ááá ááĽáľ á¨áá°á°á áľá á¨ááááľ áá°á¨á° áááľ ááá á á á áá°á¨áá áĽá¨áľ á¨á áŠáá˝áá áľááť áĽááľáľáᥠáááłá°áĽ áĽáááłááá˘
Via ERA
@etconp
đá¨áá°á áááá ááá á¨áááľá áľ á¨ááááľ ááĽáľ á¨áá á á á áľá á áááááľ áĽáá˛á°áĽ á°áᢠáĽá á áĽá áĽáááĽáŤá¤ áŤáľááááááĄáĄ
áá á á°ááŁá ááá¸á á¨ááá˝áá áááááľ áĽáá°áá á¨áááá ááłá á áá°ááá˘
ááááśá˝á ááĽáá˝áľ á¨ááłáá ááááŤáśá˝ á ááąá áááá á¨á°ááá°á ááĽá°áľ á áá á ááŤá ááá (Axels load) áá á˘
á áá á á¨ááľ á¨á˘áľáŽáľáŤ ááááśá˝ á áľá°áłá°á á á°ááŤáŠ á¨áááŤá˝á á áŤáŁá˘áá˝ á¨áŁáľ áááľá ááááŁá á á¨ááŤáľá˝á ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝á á áááá áĽáá°áá°áŤ ááłáááá˘
á¨á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝á ááĽá°áľ á¨áááŁá á áá á áá á ááááśá˝ áá á¨ááááłááą á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ á¨á°ááá°áá¸á á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áľ áá á á áá ááá á á¨áá°á á᪠á¨á°ááᥠá¨ááááľ á ááłáŽá˝ áá ááłáľ áĽááłáŤá°ááą á¨áá¨áá¨á áĽáá˛áá ááááśá˝ áĽá áľááľáŽá˝ áłáá ááš á á˛ááá áá°á¨áľ á áááááľ ááľá áľ áĽáá˛á˝á ááľá¨á áááĄáĄ
á áááŤá˝á á¨á°ááŤáŠ á áŤáŁá˘áá˝ á áááááľ á ááľá áľ áá á¨ááá á¨ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ áĽá ááá áŚáłá¸ááĄ-
14 ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ á á°ááŤáŠ áŚáłáḠá°áááá á áááááľ á ááľá áľ áá á¨ááá á˛áá ᣠááá á áŤáŁá˘áŤá¸áááĄ- áá ᣠáá᳠ᣠáąáá᳠ᣠá ááłá ᣠá˛á (á°á áł) ᣠáá ᣠáťá¸áá ᣠá áὠᣠá á፠áŁá°ááá ᣠáŽááŚáᝠᣠá˘á (á°áá) áŁáá¨áł ᣠáŠáá (ááá) áá¸áá˘
á á°ááá á¨á áá˝ 7 áĽá á¨á á፠á¨ááá áŁá˘áŤáá˝ á¨áá°á á¨áá á¨á᪠áĽá áᢠáááľá áŤáľá°áááłá áá ááľáá á¨áŁáŁáľ ááŞáá˝ á¨á áĄá˛ áá° ááá ááá á¨áááááąá áľ áĽá á áá ááľáĽ á ááŤáł á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝á á¨ááŤáľá°áááľ áá á á፠ááłá ááá˘
á ááľáአá¨á°ááá°á áá á á áá á ááŤá á¨ááááłááą á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ á¨ááľá°áá á ááá ááááą áá¨áá°á ááłáľ áĽá¨á°áłá¨á áááááĄáĄ
áá áá ááá°áľ áááááľ áľáá á¨áŤá á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áááá ááá á á¨áá˝áá ááŤáá áľáá áááľ á°áá˘áá á¨á áŁáľ áá፠á¨á¨áá á áá áľááá áĽáá˛áŤáŤáá á ááŤá á áá á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áá áĽáá˛ááľáľ á á áá°áááááĄáĄ
đˇááĽáŤááłááą á ááľá á¨ááááľ á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á
I. á¨áá á á ááľá (Axle) áááľ ááá áśáľáľ áááá˝ á¨á°áá áááľ á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ á¨ááľ áĽá á¨áá á¨á ááľá (Axle) áááá˝ á á áá á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á á¨áá¨á°áá áááĄ-
á) á¨ááľ á ááľá (á¨á᪠á ááľá) Steering Axle á¨áááááľ á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á á¨7.7 áśá (77 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá á¤
á) á¨ááŞá á ááľá (Steering Axle) á᪠áá áá á áá á¨á°áá áááľ á°á¸á¨ááŤáŞ á¨áá á á áá ááĽá°áą á¨8 áśá (80 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
á) á¨ááá á¨á ááľá ááá á áŤáľ áááá˝ á¨á°áá áááľ á¨áá á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áą á¨10 áśá (100 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
II. á¨á°á¸á¨ááŤáŞá á¨á ááľá ááá áŁá áááľ (Tandem Axle Unit) ááá áŁááśáľáľ (Tri-dem axle) á˛áá ᣠáá°á˝á¨ááŤáŞá á¨áááááľ á¨á ááľá (Axle) á¨ááĽá°áľ áá á áĽáá°áá¨á°áá áááĄ-
á) á¨áĽááľ á ááľá (Steering Tandem Axle) ááĽá°áľ áłáá¨áá á á áá á¨áá á¨á ááľá ááĽá°áą á á ááľ áá á°á°áᎠá¨18 áśá (180 áŠááłá) á¨á áá áĽáá°áá áááĄáĄ
âď¸á áááá ááá á¨á°á˝á¨ááŤáŞ áŁáááĽá¨áśá˝á á á˝á¨ááŤáŞáá˝ áĽáá˛áá á¨ááááľ á°á áááá˝ á¨á˘áľáŽáľáŤ ááááśá˝ á áľá°áłá°á áá á áá°áŁá á á¨áá°á á¨ááá ááĽáľ á¨áá°á°á áľá á¨ááááľ áá°á¨á° áááľ ááá á á á áá°á¨áá áĽá¨áľ á¨á áŠáá˝áá áľááť áĽááľáľáᥠáááłá°áĽ áĽáááłááá˘
Via ERA
@etconp
đ11â¤1
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á¨áŽááľáľáŤáá˝á_áĽáŤáá˝_áá_á áááááľáŁ_ááá_áŁáááŤáá˝á_áááááľáľá_áŁáááŤáá˝_á á ááá_á¨áá¨á
https://t.me/ETCONp
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á¨áááŁáł_áááľ_áá á¨ááŤ_áááá¨áť_ááá_form_all_construction_permitWord.pdf
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á¨áááŁáł áááľ áá á¨á፠áááá¨áť ááá
form all construction permit
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form all construction permit
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á¨ááŤ_áááŞáŤ_á¤áśá˝_áŽááśááá¨á_á á°áŁáĽ_áááŞáŤ_á_28_2013.pdf
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á¨ááŤ_áááŞáŤ_á¤áśá˝_áŽááśááá¨á_á á°áŁáĽ_áááŞáŤ_á_28_2013
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https://t.me/ETCONp
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