👉RECYCLABLE AND LOW-CARBON CONCRETE

💫Recyclable and low-carbon concrete refers to concrete mixtures and construction practices designed to reduce environmental impact while maintaining performance. Here's a breakdown:

♻️ Recyclable Concrete
Concrete that can be reused or recycled at the end of its life.

🏷Key Features:

⏺Recycled Aggregates: Crushed concrete used in new mixes.
⏺Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs): Like fly ash or slag, reducing cement use.
Concrete Reuse: Whole blocks or panels reused in modular construction.
⏺Demolition-Friendly Design: Enables easy separation of materials.

🌍 Low-Carbon Concrete
Concrete with reduced greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO₂.

⏺Low-Carbon Strategies:
Cement Replacement:
Fly ash
Slag
Silica fume
Calcined clay (LC³)
Carbon Capture & Utilization (CCU):
Injecting CO₂ during mixing (e.g., CarbonCure)
Geopolymer Concrete:
No Portland cement; made from industrial byproducts.
Carbon-Negative Additives:
Biochar or mineralized CO₂ materials.
Efficient Mix Design:
Optimized water-cement ratio
High early strength for thinner elements

🔄 Synergy Between Recyclable and Low-Carbon Approaches
Recycled aggregates help avoid virgin material use.
Using SCMs both reduces carbon and increases durability.
Designing for reuse lowers lifecycle carbon footprint.
📉 Environmental Benefits
Up to 60–80% lower CO₂ emissions (depending on mix)
Reduced landfill waste
Lower embodied energy.

Via Yonatan Tadesse (PMP®️)

@etconp

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@etconp

👉Footing near existing adjacent footing

@etconp 👇

👉Footing near existing adjacent footing

💫When new foundations are constructed, the foundations of existing adjacent old structures are likely to be affected due to undermining by excavations, vibration, etc.

🏷The intensity of damage caused to the old structure depends upon two factors:

1-    Distance between the new and old structures.
2-    Depth of new foundations.

🚧In order to avoid chances of damage to the existing adjacent old structures, the following rules are applied:

1-    The minimum horizontal distance between the two foundations should be at least equal to the width of the wider one.

2-    In case of soft soil, a line is drawn from the edge of bottom of old footing at an angle of 30° with the horizontal as shown in fig 1.37.

⏺The horizontal spacing of two footings is adjusted in such a way that the edge of bottom of new footing is not intersected by this line as shown in fig 1.37.

⏺The horizontal spacing between two footing in case of average soil is adjusted by keeping angle of inclination as 45° as shown in fig 1.38.

3-    The foundation of new structure with reference to that of old structure should be located after making careful analysis of bearing capacity and settlement of soil.

@etconp

👉በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ ለከፍተኛ የጎርፍ አደጋ ተጋላጭ የሆኑ 170 ቦታዎችን ተለይተዉ መሰራታቸዉ ተገለፀ

🚧የአዲስ አበባ ከተማ መንገዶች ባለስልጣን ለጎርፍ አደጋ ተጋላጭ የሆኑ ቦታዎችን በመለያት የተለያዩ ስራዎች ማከናወኑን አስታወቀ ።

በአዲስ አበባ በሁሉም ክፍለ ከተሞች ለከፍተኛ የጎርፍ አደጋ ተጋላጭ የሆኑ 170 ቦታዎችን  በመለየት ግንባታው ሰርቶ ያጠናቀቀ መሆኑን የአዲስ አበባ መንገዶች ባለስልጣን ምክትል ኃላፊ አቶ እያሱ ሰለሞን ለብስራት ሬዲዮ ተናግረዋል ።

ከደረቅና ፍሳሽ ቆሻሻዎች አያያዝና አወጋገድ፣ እንዲሁም በግንባታ ግብዓትና ተረፈ-ምርት ማጓጓዝ ሂደት በድሬኔጅ መስመሮች ላይ በሚፈጠረው የአገልግሎት መስተጓጎል ሳቢያ በከተማዋ ጎዳናዎች ላይ በተደጋጋሚ የሚከሰተው ጎርፍ የትራፊክ እንቅስቃሴውን እያስተጓጎለው ይገኛል ተብሏል።

ይህንን ችግር  ለመፍታት ባለስልጣን መሰሪቤቱ ባለፉት  ወራቶችየመንገድ ዳር የወሃ መፋሰሻ መስመሮች ጽዳትና ጥገና ሥራ አከናውኗል፡፡ባለሥልጣን መሰሪያቤቱ ከዚህም በተጨማሪም ከእሳት እና አደጋ ስራ አመራር ኮሚሽን የሚላኩ ጥቆማዎችን ጨምሮ የጎርፍ አደጋ ስጋት ያለባቸውን ሥፍራዎች አካቶ የማስተካከያ ሥራዎች በማከናወን ላይ እንደሚገኝ ተገልጿል።

በቀጣይም ለአደጋ ተጋላጭ የሆኑ 30 ቦታዎች በመለየት ከሚመለከታቸው አካላት ጋር በመሆን ስራዎች እንደሚከናወኑ አቶ እያሱ ሰለሞን ለብስራት ሬዲዮ ተናግረዋል ።

@etconp

👉ሁለት ቤተመንግስቶች የባለ አምስት ኮከብ ሆቴል አገልግሎት መስጠት ሊጀምሩ ነው

💫በኢትዮጵያ ቤተመንግስት አስተዳደር ስር የሚተዳደሩት ድሬዳዋ ቤተ መንግስት እና የጅማ ግቤ አዳራሽ ባለ አምስት ኮከብ ሆቴል የሚያደርጋቸው ግንባታ ወደ መጨረሻው ምዕራፍ መድረሱን አራዳ ከኢትዮጵያ ቤተ መንግስት አስተዳደር ዋና ዳይሬክተር ምትኩ ኩምሳ ሰምቷል።

⏺የድሬዳዋ ቤተመንግስት የሆቴል ግንባታው ከሦስት ዓመታት በፊት ተጀምሮ አሁን ወደ መጠናቀቂያው ምዕራፍ ላይ ደርሷል።

🚧በጅማ የሚገኘው ግቤ አራዳሽ የሆቴሉ ግንባታ በሸራተን አዲስ ሆቴል ድርጅት የተከናወነ ሲሆን፣፥ ሸራተን ኢንቨስት ያደረገበትን ሆቴል ለሦስት ዓመታት ወጪውን ለመተካት ከተገለገለበት በኋላ ለቦታው የኪራይ ክፍያ ለመንግስት መፈፀም እንደሚጀምር ተመላክቷል።

💫በሁለቱም ቤተመንግስቶች ቀዳማዊ አፄ ኃይለስላሴ የኢትዮጵያ ንጉስ ሳሉ ይጠቀሙባቸው የነበሩ ቤቶች የቅርስ ይዘታቸው ሳይነካ ተጨማሪ ግንባታዎችን በማከል ለአገልግሎት ዝግጁ እየተደረጉ ነው።

Via አራዳ ኤፍ ኤም

@etconp

👉የግንባታ ደህንነት

💫Construction Safety

🏷Addis Abeba's construction boom is coming under scrutiny as city authorities announce a crackdown on unsafe practices across 24,000 active sites starting July 12, 2025.

⏺A task force led by Wendimu Seta, the city’s general manager, will inspect sites for compliance with safety standards, with immediate suspensions and demolitions for violations.

⏺The initiative seeks to address systemic issues discussed in a high-level forum, where officials cited 142 recorded worker fatalities since 2022.

📜Read more👇

https://ow.ly/Zws750WlAYz

Via Addis Fortune

@etconp

ታምራት  ፕሌት እና ጄቦልት አቅራቢ

♧ ሁሉን በአንድ ቦታ ለሁሉም ቅርብ

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👉Standard Penetration Test (SPT) – Essential Soil Investigation Tool

⏺When it comes to foundation design and geotechnical engineering, understanding the soil behavior beneath a construction site is non-negotiable.

⏺One of the most common and reliable methods used worldwide for subsurface investigation is the Standard Penetration Test (SPT).

📜Let’s break it down clearly:

❇️What is Standard Penetration Test (SPT)?

▶️The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is an in-situ dynamic penetration test carried out in boreholes to determine the geotechnical properties of soil. It provides an indication of the soil's strength, density, and bearing capacity — essential parameters for safe and economical foundation design.

▶️The test is widely used for both sand and clay soils and forms an integral part of site investigations for buildings, bridges, roads, and other infrastructure.

💫How is the SPT Conducted?

⏺The process involves the following steps:

🚧 A borehole is drilled to the desired depth using rotary or percussion drilling methods.

🚧 A split-spoon sampler (a thick-walled cylindrical tube) is placed at the bottom of the borehole.

🚧 A 63.5kg (140 lbs) hammer is dropped from a height of 760mm (30 inches) repeatedly to drive the sampler into the soil.

🚧 The number of hammer blows required to drive the sampler 150mm (6 inches) at three consecutive intervals is recorded.

🚧 The sum of the blows required for the second and third 150mm penetration is called the N-Value or SPT Blow Count.

🏷Understanding the SPT N-Value

⏺The N-Value is a measure of soil resistance to penetration and gives vital information about the soil's characteristics:

🚧N-Value Range Soil Condition

0 - 4 Very Loose/Soft Soil
5 - 10 Loose Soil
11 - 30 Medium Dense/Compact
31 - 50 Dense Soil
>50 Very Dense/Hard Soil

@etconp

👉What is the purpose of adding Admixture ?

⭐️Concrete admixtures are added to concrete mixes to modify and enhance the properties of the concrete, both in its fresh and hardened states.

📜Here's a breakdown of the key reasons:

🚧Improved Workability:

⏺Admixtures can make concrete easier to mix, place, and finish.

⏺This is especially important for complex pours or when working in difficult conditions.

🚧Enhanced Strength:

⏺Certain admixtures can increase the compressive and flexural strength of concrete, leading to more durable and robust structures.

🚧Increased Durability:

⏺Admixtures can improve concrete's resistance to environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles, chemical attacks, and abrasion.

🚧Modified Setting Time:

⏺Admixtures can accelerate or retard the setting time of concrete, allowing for adjustments based on project needs and weather conditions.

🚧Water Reduction:

⏺Water-reducing admixtures allow for the production of stronger, more durable concrete with less water, which improves the water to cement ratio.

🚧Specialized Applications:

⏺Admixtures can be used to achieve specific properties, such as air entrainment for improved freeze-thaw resistance or coloring for aesthetic purposes.

💫In essence, concrete admixtures provide a way to tailor concrete mixes to meet the specific requirements of a wide range of construction projects.

@etconp

👉እንዴት ነው ክረምቱ ወዳጆቼ?

💫እስቲ ለ ክረምታቹ የሚሆን የምታነቡት ምን ኣይነት የ PDF መፅሐፍ ወይም ፋይል እንላክላቹ

🏷የትም አላገኘሁትም አጣሁት የምትሉት ካለም አሳውቁን

🚧ሰብሰብ አርገን ማታ እዚሁ እንለጥፈዋለን🙏

📩ሀሳብ፣ጥያቄ እና አስተያየት ካሎት በ @Philemona7 ፃፉልን❤

Ethio Construction Engineering

@etconp

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👉Curing time for prime coat?

🚧Curing of a prime coat in road construction is the process where the applied material (e.g., cutback asphalt or emulsified asphalt) sets and achieves its intended properties, such as penetration, adhesion, and sealing.

🎲Proper curing is critical for effective bonding between the base course and asphalt layer. Below is a concise guide on prime coat curing:

⭐️Key Aspects of Prime Coat Curing

⏺1. Curing Mechanism:

   - Cutback Asphalt (e.g., MC-30, MC-70): Cures through the evaporation of the solvent (e.g., kerosene or naphtha), leaving behind a thin asphalt film that binds to the base.
   - Emulsified Asphalt (e.g., CSS-1, SS-1): Cures through "breaking" of the emulsion, where water evaporates, and asphalt particles coalesce to form a cohesive layer.

⏺2. Curing Time:

   - Cutback Asphalt: Typically 12–24 hours, depending on the solvent type, application rate (0.4–1.2 kg/m²), and environmental conditions.
   - Emulsified Asphalt: Typically 24–48 hours, as water evaporation is slower than solvent-based materials.
   - Factors Affecting Curing:
     - Temperature: Higher temperatures (above 20°C) accelerate curing; below 10°C, curing slows significantly.
     - Humidity: High humidity delays emulsion curing due to slower water evaporation.
     - Ventilation: Good airflow speeds up solvent or water evaporation.
     - Base Porosity: More porous bases (e.g., WMM) may require longer curing for deeper penetration.

⏺3. Curing Process Guidelines:

   - Apply Uniformly: Ensure even application (using a calibrated distributor) to avoid pooling, which can delay curing.
   - Protect the Surface: Restrict traffic and heavy equipment to prevent damage to the curing coat. Use barriers or signs as needed.
   - Monitor Weather: Avoid application if rain is expected within the curing period, as moisture can disrupt the process or wash away the prime coat.
   - Check Penetration: The prime coat should penetrate 0.5–1 cm into the base for optimal sealing and bonding. Test a small section if needed.

⏺4. Signs of Proper Curing:

   - Surface appears dark and tacky (not wet or glossy).
   - No solvent or water remains on the surface.
   - The base feels firm and stable, with no loose particles.

⏺5. Post-Curing:

   - Inspect the surface for uniform coverage and adequate bonding before placing the asphalt layer.
   - Avoid delays beyond 48–72 hours after curing, as dust or debris accumulation may require re-cleaning the surface.

🏷Best Practices:

- Apply prime coat in dry, warm conditions (above 10°C) to ensure faster curing.
- For emulsions, lightly moisten the base course to aid penetration but avoid saturation.
- In hot climates, cutbacks like MC-70 cure faster but may require careful handling due to solvent volatility.
- In cooler or humid conditions, consider emulsions or adjust curing time expectations.

❇️Troubleshooting:

- Slow Curing: If curing takes too long, check for excessive application, high humidity, or low temperatures. Improve ventilation or wait longer.
- Poor Penetration: May indicate a dense base or insufficient material. Lightly scarify the base or adjust the application rate.
- Uneven Curing: Caused by inconsistent application. Recalibrate the distributor and ensure proper nozzle function.

@etconp

👉What Is Shear Wall

💫Shear wall is a structural member used to resist lateral forces i.e. parallel to the plane of the wall.

⏺For slender walls where the bending deformation is more, Shear wall resists the loads due to Cantilever Action.

⏺In other words, Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system.

❇️In building construction, a rigid vertical diaphragm capable of transferring lateral forces from exterior walls, floors, and roofs to the ground foundation in a direction parallel to their planes.

🚧Examples are the reinforced-concrete wall.

⏺Lateral forces caused by wind, earthquake, and uneven settlement loads, in addition to the weight of structure and occupants, create powerful twisting (torsional) forces.

⏺This leads to the failure of the structures by shear.

❇️Shear walls are especially important in high-rise buildings subject to lateral wind and seismic forces.

⏺Generally, shear walls are either plane or flanged in section, while core walls consist of channel sections.

❇️They also provide adequate strength and stiffness to control lateral displacements.

⏺The shape and plan position of the shear wall influences the behavior of the structure considerably.

❇️Structurally, the best position for the shear walls is in the center of each half of the building.

⏺This is rarely practical, since it also utilizes the space a lot, so they are positioned at the ends.

❇️It is better to use walls with no openings in them. So, usually, the walls around lift shafts and stairwells are used. Also, walls on the sides of buildings that have no windows can be used.

@etconp