[…] we should include as crime “analogous social injury,” which is harm caused by acts or conditions that are legal.
— Michalowski (1985)

For example, promoting and selling alcoholic beverages and cigarettes (described as “drug delivery systems”), although legal, produce considerable social, health, and psychological problems.

《پادشاه برهنه است.》

🔰 هانس کریستین اندرسن

🔰تکرار تاریخ و یا تاریخ تکراری؟

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"خدای عزیز... لطفا بزرگ شو!"
— مازیار 🦋

"Dear God, please grow up!"
— Maziyar 🦋

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“(…) no one is great and rich enough to despise the forms of life into which one was born. It is therefore a matter of the technique of life to know and understand these forms, even if they may not be practiced. All forms are languages.”

“(...) kein Mensch ist so gross und so reich, dass er die äusseren Lebensformen der Welt, in die er geboren ist, verachten dürfte. Es ist darum eine Sache der Lebenstechnik, diese Formen, (...) zu kennen, zu verstehen, selbst wenn man sie dann nicht üben mag. Alle Formen sind Sprachen.”

🔷 Fred (Wechsler), 1919, 22.

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23. Wieviele Arten der Sätze gibt es aber? Etwa Behauptung, Frage und Befehl? a Es gibt unzählige solcher Arten: unzählige verschiedene Arten der Verwendung alles dessen, was wir “Zeichen”, “Worte”, “Sätze” nennen. Und diese Mannigfaltigkeit ist nichts Festes, ein für allemal Gegebenes; sondern neue Typen der Sprache, neue Sprachspiele, wie wir sagen können, entstehen und andre veralten und werden vergessen. (Ein ungefähres Bild davon können uns die Wandlungen der Mathematik geben.)
Das Wort “Sprachspiel” soll hier hervorheben, daß das Sprechen der Sprache ein Teil ist einer Tätigkeit, oder einer Lebensform.

23. But how many kinds of sentence are there? Say assertion, question and command? a There are countless kinds; countless different kinds of use of all the things we call “signs”, “words”, “sentences”. And this diversity is not something fixed, given once for all; but new types of language, new language-games, as we may say, come into existence, and others become obsolete and get forgotten. (We can get a rough picture of this from the changes in mathematics.)
The word “language-game” is used here to emphasize the fact that the speaking of language is part of an activity, or of a form of life.

🔷 Wittgenstein, PI, §23.

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@colvinezo "JUST CHILL"

سياه مسته صحراي تنت منم
آن گرگه اهليه توي قفس قلبت منم
كودكه كار خسته از عيد ماهي ها
سيگاره بي جيره ي انسان منم

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Wechsler reflects about the interaction among individual and society and asks to which extent society permits an individual to exploit one’s full potential. He responds that the more sophisticated a person is the more he or she must keep a distance to others. Socializing with others holds the chance for an individual to develop one’s own personality and thereby achieve self-fulfilment. Therefore he recommends us to gather with people from different socials classes, which enables us to develop a reasonable distance. It is this space or sense of distance that characterises a cultivated character.33 It appears, that individualisation is a two-edged sword as individual preferences and personal peculiarities tend to collide with the collective norms of society. Therefore distance is the only way to avoid other people’s interfering in one’s private life.

🔷 Forms of Life as Social Techniques

🔷 Margit GAFFAL

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سودابه سرمست
پیر سوی حجله می‌رود
تیر سوی جوان می‌دود
آتش سوگ سیاوش دارد
بغضی می‌ترکد
فریادی بلند می‌شود
آسمان غرشی می‌کند
سفیدی به سیاهی می‌رود
تیری می‌زند
لاله‌ای واژگون می‌شود
ندایی بلند می‌شود
من هم پسر کسی هستم

🔰 #امید_نادری

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🔰 کُنار غریو

🔰 خواننده: رحیم عدنانی

🔰 ترانه‌سرا: فریده چراغی

کنار غریوم که بردِ نصیوُم
یه عمره که سی خُم ایگوم ایگریوم

سر لشک زردم، بخون کوگ رشته
ندونی ز دیریت چه وُر مو گذشته

مو هُمدا پوییزم که شیوسته لیزم
بیو تا پرامه به پا تو بریزم

مو کارونِ دردم، تیام حرس و خینه
دل تنگ خُم دی کلم نی نشینه

دلم جور دینشت سر تش ایوازه
ز درد غریوی ایسوسه ایسازه

دل جل به کولم که وسته به دیندات
بیو تا بخوسه به شولیزت تیات

دو انگشت سُهرن تیام اِز غم تو
دیه تش بلازی مکن وا دل مو

مو سهدم برشتم دلم گرمِسیره
تو ایلاق سوزی که دل سیت ایمیره

کنار غریوم که بردِ نصیوُم
یه عمره که سی خُم ایگوم ایگریوم

سر لشک زردم بخون کوگ رشته
ندونی ز دیریت چه وُر مو گذشته

مو همدا پوییزم که شیوسته لیزم
بیو تا پرامه به پا تو بریزم

مو کارون دردم تیام حرس و خینه
دل تنگ خم دی کلم نی نشینه

تو که آسمونا تلیش قواته
لبوت حوشه حوشه چی باغ نباته

دل چاله گردم هنی مفتلاته
که آستاره حرسام چی ناودنده ناته

ندونم کی ئی تو! مهی یا که افتو
که سهدم ز دیریت بیو دی تو امشو

چه تهله شیرینم ز دیریت بمیرم
مو برفم تو افتو بزن تا بچیرم

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https://www.instagram.com/p/B6xjXoLhMHQ/?igshid=pxrs1qowv5op

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🔷 what is form of life?

 Form of life is a useful skill that can help us to remain unharmed when we interact with others.
 Form of life is practical knowledge about the correct language and appropriate conduct, fashion and style that we are encouraged to use when communicating with others in order to achieve a pleasant coexistence.
 Form of life: A modus operandi or a practical know-how of how to deal with particular situations in private or public life.
 To master a form of life means to have a procedural knowledge of its application.
 Form of life is a relevant tool that individuals need to interact consensually with others.
 Forms of life are not an expression of moral values but they rather methods that allow us to lead our lives without coming into conflict with others.
 Any kind of experience, in a person’s inner or outer world, marks some sort of interface with society.
 If two or more people concur in what they consider natural or taken for granted without having to give explanations then we can say that they share a form of life.
 During the process of communication one, two or more people would recognize the interlocutor’s form of life by the way in which the respective other acts.
 Makes a distinction between social know-how and form of life.
 Conventions are essential but they are only a result of their time.
 Any social encounter is characteristic for a time.
 Justifiable form of life: the deep laws of humanity.
 People communicate with each other by using a repertoire of social techniques that form part of their forms of life.
 Language is verbal conduct and as such part of form of life.
 Language games are dynamic in that they emerge and disappear in the course of time.
 All forms (of life) are languages.
 Forms of life are never just a private matter but commonalities in the way we act and understand things.
 Form of life: does not reflect any abstract principle and it is neither an ideology nor a philosophical perspective.
 Form of life is a sum of refined techniques that we use to deal with the occurrences of everyday life.
 Form of life is only a social technique and not an inner conviction.

🔶 What change form of life?

 Socio-economic development led to new forms of life.
 Emergence of new forms of life is clearly related to the process of urbanization.
 The term form of life is closely linked with social changes and the formation of new classes.
 Forms of life are a result of education and formation.
 The forms of sociality practiced in a society are influenced by the political culture of that country.
 Political institutions guarantee law and order and religious institutions provide moral standards for behavior.

🔰Individual and society

 There are established forms of life in society to which the individual has to adapt.
 Society provides a model on the organization of life.
 Interaction among individual and society.
 Individualization is a two-edged sword.
 Everyone should develop the form of life that he or she considers appropriate.
 It is this space or sense of distance that characterizes a cultivated character.
 It is impossible for individuals to create and modify culture in its entirety according to own preferences.
 Buddhist monk or the drug addict: Such misanthropic attitude could be called an enclosed form of life but is still a form of life.
 Any kind of experience, in a person’s inner or outer world, marks some sort of interface with society.
 The more sophisticated a person is the more he or she must keep a distance to others.
 Socializing with others holds the chance for an individual to develop one’s own personality and thereby achieve self fulfilment.
 Following the Structural-Functional Theory the state offers education and formation to its citizens and thus contributes to their socialization.

🔵Dos and don'ts
 Does not recommend us to adopt a form of life and stick to it at all cost.
 Adapt ourselves to its rules and conventions and accept how society is organised.
 Life would become too difficult due to repeated clashes with the established rules of public order.
 He recommends us to gather with people from different socials classes, which enables us to develop a reasonable distance.
 A form of life should not become a self purpose or an end in itself.
 We should be careful not to become a victim of the dynamic processes that go along with a role that we adopt.

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Human beings live in the realm of meanings. We do not experience pure circumstances; we always experience circumstances in their significance for men. Even at its source our experience is qualified by our human purposes. " Wood " means " wood in its relation to mankind ", and " stone " means " stone as it can be a factor in human life." If a man should try to escape meanings and devote himself only to circumstances he would be very unfortunate: he would isolate himself from others: his actions would be useless to himself or to any one; in a word, they would be meaningless. But no human being );an escape meanings. We experience reality always through the meaning we give it; not in itself, but as something interpreted. It will be natural to suppose, therefore, that this meaning is always more or less unfinished, incomplete; and even that it is never altogether right. The realm of meanings is the realm of mistakes.

🔷 WHAT LIFE SHOULD MEAN TO YOU

🔷 BY ALFRED ADLER

🔷 EDITED BY ALAN PORTER

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http://sosure.hopto.org/22162b/jew-of-linz.pdf

دوستان من فایل بالا رو هر کاری کردم، حتی با فیلترشکن هم نتونستم دانلودش کنم. ممنون میشم اگه عزیزی بتونه اون رو دانلود کنه و برام به آیدی زیر بفرسته. اسم فایل اینه:

The Jew of Linz: Wittgenstein, Hitler And Their Secret Battle For The Mind

Kimberley Cornish

@LostExistence

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