الجرب، يُسمَّى سوس جرب الحيوان؛ فإذا كان الحيوان الأليف مُصاباً به، وكان الشخص على اتِّصال به بشكل مباشر، فقد ينتقل السوسُ إلى ما تحت جلد صاحب الحيوان مسبِّباً الحكَّة وتهيُّج الجلد.
يختلف جربُ الحيوان عن جرب الإنسان؛ فسوسُ الحيوان يموت بعد يومين ولا يتكاثر؛ وقد يسبِّب جربُ الحيوان الحكَّة لعدَّة أيام، ولكن لا يحتاج الشخص إلى علاج خاصٍّ للتخلُّص منه.
بالرغم من أنَّ سوس جرب الحيوان يموت بعد يومين إذا انتقل إلى الإنسان، ولكنَّه يستمرُّ بالتغذِّي من الحيوان إذا لم يُعالج. ولذلك، من الأفضل معالجة الحيوان بأقصى سرعة حتَّى لا يبقى السوس معدياً لصاحب الحيوان.
*الخلاصة*
الجربُ هو عدوى بسوس صغير جداً في الجلد، لا يمكن رؤيتُه إلاَّ بالمجهر.
يوجد علاجٌ للمصاب بداء الجرب ولأفراد عائلته وأقربائه الذين يتَّصل بهم مباشرةً ولشريكه الجنسي.
يساعد اتِّباعُ تعليمات الطبيب على علاج المرض وتفادي الإصابة به من جديد.
يختلف جربُ الحيوان عن جرب الإنسان؛ فسوسُ الحيوان يموت بعد يومين ولا يتكاثر؛ وقد يسبِّب جربُ الحيوان الحكَّة لعدَّة أيام، ولكن لا يحتاج الشخص إلى علاج خاصٍّ للتخلُّص منه.
بالرغم من أنَّ سوس جرب الحيوان يموت بعد يومين إذا انتقل إلى الإنسان، ولكنَّه يستمرُّ بالتغذِّي من الحيوان إذا لم يُعالج. ولذلك، من الأفضل معالجة الحيوان بأقصى سرعة حتَّى لا يبقى السوس معدياً لصاحب الحيوان.
*الخلاصة*
الجربُ هو عدوى بسوس صغير جداً في الجلد، لا يمكن رؤيتُه إلاَّ بالمجهر.
يوجد علاجٌ للمصاب بداء الجرب ولأفراد عائلته وأقربائه الذين يتَّصل بهم مباشرةً ولشريكه الجنسي.
يساعد اتِّباعُ تعليمات الطبيب على علاج المرض وتفادي الإصابة به من جديد.
Forwarded from H J
Acute vs. Chronic
Diffen › Health › Diseases
An acute condition is one where symptoms appear suddenly and worsen rapidly, while a chronic condition is one that develops gradually and worsens over an extended period of time.
Acute pain tells your body you’ve been hurt — say, when you fall, stub a toe, burn your finger, etc. The pain appears suddenly, peaks as a signal to your body to heal the injury, and wanes as it heals. Similarly, acute illnesses like flu or common cold afflict a person suddenly, worsen over a short period, and then disappear.
Chronic pain, on the other hand creeps up on you gradually, and by the time you feel its presence, you realize it has been there for a while. It lasts for weeks, even months beyond the expected recovery, till you feel the pain itself is a disease and becomes a part of you. Back pain that lasts for months and worsens over time is a good example of chronic pain.
Diffen › Health › Diseases
An acute condition is one where symptoms appear suddenly and worsen rapidly, while a chronic condition is one that develops gradually and worsens over an extended period of time.
Acute pain tells your body you’ve been hurt — say, when you fall, stub a toe, burn your finger, etc. The pain appears suddenly, peaks as a signal to your body to heal the injury, and wanes as it heals. Similarly, acute illnesses like flu or common cold afflict a person suddenly, worsen over a short period, and then disappear.
Chronic pain, on the other hand creeps up on you gradually, and by the time you feel its presence, you realize it has been there for a while. It lasts for weeks, even months beyond the expected recovery, till you feel the pain itself is a disease and becomes a part of you. Back pain that lasts for months and worsens over time is a good example of chronic pain.
Forwarded from H J
Examples
Examples of acute conditions include a broken bone or an asthma attack, a burn, and a neck injury while playing. Acute diseases include colds, flu and strep. Acute pain is experienced after someone has been hurt, for example a cut or broken bone.
Examples of chronic conditions include osteoporosis, asthma, heart disease, osteoarthritis, kidney disease and diabetes.
Many illnesses can occur in both acute or chronic form. For example, acute renal failure occurs when an event, such as dehydration, blood loss or taking medicines, leads to kidney malfunction. Chronic kidney disease, however, is caused by long-term conditions, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, and involves the gradual damage of the kidneys over time.
Examples of acute conditions include a broken bone or an asthma attack, a burn, and a neck injury while playing. Acute diseases include colds, flu and strep. Acute pain is experienced after someone has been hurt, for example a cut or broken bone.
Examples of chronic conditions include osteoporosis, asthma, heart disease, osteoarthritis, kidney disease and diabetes.
Many illnesses can occur in both acute or chronic form. For example, acute renal failure occurs when an event, such as dehydration, blood loss or taking medicines, leads to kidney malfunction. Chronic kidney disease, however, is caused by long-term conditions, such as high blood pressure or diabetes, and involves the gradual damage of the kidneys over time.
Forwarded from H J
Acute vs Chronic Pain
Dr. Bradley Spiegel, a doctor of California's Pain Management and Injury Relief Medical Center, explains the difference between acute and chronic pain in this video:👇👇👇
Dr. Bradley Spiegel, a doctor of California's Pain Management and Injury Relief Medical Center, explains the difference between acute and chronic pain in this video:👇👇👇
Forwarded from H J
Diagnosis
A condition is typically only diagnosed as chronic when symptoms have been present for at least three months, especially in the case of acute or chronic pain.
Frequency
Acute illnesses are far more common than chronic illnesses. An acute condition can be as simple as a stubbed toe, or as serious as a heart attack. They are simply illnesses or injuries that occur and end relatively quickly.
Over 90 million Americans have a chronic illness. Approximately 1 in 3 people are affected by chronic illness.
Treatment
Some acute diseases like influenza can be resolved without treatment. Other acute diseases, like pneumonia, can require anything from over-the-counter or prescription medication to hospital care.
Chronic diseases often require extended care or hospitalization. For example, someone with chronic kidney disease may require medication and dialysis regularly. Chronic pain conditions such as migraines, back pain or asthma may sometimes be treated with a dedicated diet and/or fitness routine. Chronic diseases can often not be cured. However, treatment may reduce the symptoms.
A condition is typically only diagnosed as chronic when symptoms have been present for at least three months, especially in the case of acute or chronic pain.
Frequency
Acute illnesses are far more common than chronic illnesses. An acute condition can be as simple as a stubbed toe, or as serious as a heart attack. They are simply illnesses or injuries that occur and end relatively quickly.
Over 90 million Americans have a chronic illness. Approximately 1 in 3 people are affected by chronic illness.
Treatment
Some acute diseases like influenza can be resolved without treatment. Other acute diseases, like pneumonia, can require anything from over-the-counter or prescription medication to hospital care.
Chronic diseases often require extended care or hospitalization. For example, someone with chronic kidney disease may require medication and dialysis regularly. Chronic pain conditions such as migraines, back pain or asthma may sometimes be treated with a dedicated diet and/or fitness routine. Chronic diseases can often not be cured. However, treatment may reduce the symptoms.
[] Pathology 😣
👇👇👇👇👇
#Neoplasia_ :-
اول كم منشور صعب جدا بس فهمك لباقي يعتمد على فهمك لاول منشورات
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
#INTRODUCTION_ :-
👈 يعرف أي شي قبل ما نفصل فيه.
#Neoplasia_translate :-
Neo = New يعني جديد.
Plasia = Growth or tissue.
وهذا ترجمة لغوية لكلمة(Neoplasia) وليس تعريفاً لها.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Definition_of_Neoplasia:-
Abnormal mass of tissue the growth of tissue exceeds and it keep growing uncoordinated even after you remove the stmuli.
💉 ماذا يعني هذا الكلام ؟؟
- انها Abnormal 👈 يعني ما انولد بي 👶 👈 اي عملية تكون الاعضاء Organogensis لمن اتكونت ما كان في ال neoplasia.
- يعني اي اعضاء الانسان تتكون في الرحم بس 👈 وبتواصل في النمو فقط
اذا وجدت tissue جديدة بنسميها
Neoplasia
- آخر شي بتنمو بطريقة عشوائية وبتكون عايشة حتى بعد نعمل Remove لل cause
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ لازم نفرق بين
Neoplasia& Hyperplasia.
لانة ممكن يسألوك :-
Inlargment of uterus is mainly due to???
- الإجابة : Hyperplasia
لماذا؟؟ لانها عملية بتحدث Normally
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
💉 اذا اي خلية انسانية فيها 👇:-
💉 Cell 👉 nucleus 👉 chromosomes 👉 DNA strands
واي Strand فيه 100,000 جين
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Cell_With_DNA_Damage :-
يعني عندي خلية صار فيها
DNA damage
مفروض اعمل شنو؟؟
1- نوقفها من الانقسام
Stop division.
2- ننشط ال DNA repairing gene لكي يصلح ال Damage اذا صلح ال Damage✔️ او نعمل 👇.
3 - ننشط ال apoptosis لكي نتخلص من الخلية ونقتلها.
4- او تصبح Cancer cell 👿.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
اذا في شي مهم مفروض نعرفه 👇
#DNA_Mutation :-
Is unrepaired DNA damage.
يعني خلية حصل فيها
DNA damage
وما قدرنا نصلحه.......... 🤕
نسميها neoplastic cell.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
- قلنا اي DNA strand فيه
100,000 جين.
- لكن ما قلنا انه في 4 منهم يعملوا
Control
لل Cell division وهذ النقطة نركز عليها 😳.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
اذا ال 4 جينات هذه شنو؟؟
#Genes_of_conroling_cell_division :_
1- Tumor promoting gene:-
وهذا مهمته انه يفرز بروتينات تحفز ال
Cell division.
2- Tumor suppressor gene:-
وهذا عكس القبله يفرز بروتينات تثبط او توقف ال Cell division.
3- Apoptosis gene :-
🌚 من اسمه واضح هو اليحفز ال
Apoptosis
لماذا؟؟
غشان يقتل الخلية الي فيها
DNA damage
يصبح السرطان 👿.
- باقي جين ما عرفناه 👇.
4- DNA repairing gene:-
وهذا نفس ما عرفنا إنه مسؤول من اصلاح ال DNA damage
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Monoclonal_cell:-
💉 واذا الورم (tumor) عبارة عن نسيج غير طبيعي.
💉 تكون كيف 👈 خليه حصل فيها
DNA mutation
والخلية تبدا تتكاثر وتعطينا النسيج هذا
فنسمي النسيج 👈 Tumor
ونسمي الخلية 👈 Monoclonal
او Mother cell
او نسميها tumor stem cell
هي اساس الورم
- خلية واحدة 👈 تتكاثر 👈 ورم.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
💉اذا Cancer ينتج من خلية واحدة حصل فيها
DNA mutation
خصوصاً في الجينات التتحكم في ال
Cell Division
🙄 الاربعة جينات هذة ذكرناهم سابقا احفظ اي واحد هو وظيفته و المنشور الجاي (إن شاء الله📿) نشوف التفصل مالهم
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
😵
😍 😊 🙃 ☹️
.قناة كل ما يهم الطب والصيدلة والتحليلات
╔✪
╚═════ <✍ > ═╝
🚪🏃
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
👇👇👇👇👇
#Neoplasia_ :-
اول كم منشور صعب جدا بس فهمك لباقي يعتمد على فهمك لاول منشورات
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
#INTRODUCTION_ :-
👈 يعرف أي شي قبل ما نفصل فيه.
#Neoplasia_translate :-
Neo = New يعني جديد.
Plasia = Growth or tissue.
وهذا ترجمة لغوية لكلمة(Neoplasia) وليس تعريفاً لها.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Definition_of_Neoplasia:-
Abnormal mass of tissue the growth of tissue exceeds and it keep growing uncoordinated even after you remove the stmuli.
💉 ماذا يعني هذا الكلام ؟؟
- انها Abnormal 👈 يعني ما انولد بي 👶 👈 اي عملية تكون الاعضاء Organogensis لمن اتكونت ما كان في ال neoplasia.
- يعني اي اعضاء الانسان تتكون في الرحم بس 👈 وبتواصل في النمو فقط
اذا وجدت tissue جديدة بنسميها
Neoplasia
- آخر شي بتنمو بطريقة عشوائية وبتكون عايشة حتى بعد نعمل Remove لل cause
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ لازم نفرق بين
Neoplasia& Hyperplasia.
لانة ممكن يسألوك :-
Inlargment of uterus is mainly due to???
- الإجابة : Hyperplasia
لماذا؟؟ لانها عملية بتحدث Normally
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
💉 اذا اي خلية انسانية فيها 👇:-
💉 Cell 👉 nucleus 👉 chromosomes 👉 DNA strands
واي Strand فيه 100,000 جين
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Cell_With_DNA_Damage :-
يعني عندي خلية صار فيها
DNA damage
مفروض اعمل شنو؟؟
1- نوقفها من الانقسام
Stop division.
2- ننشط ال DNA repairing gene لكي يصلح ال Damage اذا صلح ال Damage✔️ او نعمل 👇.
3 - ننشط ال apoptosis لكي نتخلص من الخلية ونقتلها.
4- او تصبح Cancer cell 👿.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
اذا في شي مهم مفروض نعرفه 👇
#DNA_Mutation :-
Is unrepaired DNA damage.
يعني خلية حصل فيها
DNA damage
وما قدرنا نصلحه.......... 🤕
نسميها neoplastic cell.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
- قلنا اي DNA strand فيه
100,000 جين.
- لكن ما قلنا انه في 4 منهم يعملوا
Control
لل Cell division وهذ النقطة نركز عليها 😳.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
اذا ال 4 جينات هذه شنو؟؟
#Genes_of_conroling_cell_division :_
1- Tumor promoting gene:-
وهذا مهمته انه يفرز بروتينات تحفز ال
Cell division.
2- Tumor suppressor gene:-
وهذا عكس القبله يفرز بروتينات تثبط او توقف ال Cell division.
3- Apoptosis gene :-
🌚 من اسمه واضح هو اليحفز ال
Apoptosis
لماذا؟؟
غشان يقتل الخلية الي فيها
DNA damage
يصبح السرطان 👿.
- باقي جين ما عرفناه 👇.
4- DNA repairing gene:-
وهذا نفس ما عرفنا إنه مسؤول من اصلاح ال DNA damage
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
#Monoclonal_cell:-
💉 واذا الورم (tumor) عبارة عن نسيج غير طبيعي.
💉 تكون كيف 👈 خليه حصل فيها
DNA mutation
والخلية تبدا تتكاثر وتعطينا النسيج هذا
فنسمي النسيج 👈 Tumor
ونسمي الخلية 👈 Monoclonal
او Mother cell
او نسميها tumor stem cell
هي اساس الورم
- خلية واحدة 👈 تتكاثر 👈 ورم.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
@medical50
💉اذا Cancer ينتج من خلية واحدة حصل فيها
DNA mutation
خصوصاً في الجينات التتحكم في ال
Cell Division
🙄 الاربعة جينات هذة ذكرناهم سابقا احفظ اي واحد هو وظيفته و المنشور الجاي (إن شاء الله📿) نشوف التفصل مالهم
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
😵
😍 😊 🙃 ☹️
.قناة كل ما يهم الطب والصيدلة والتحليلات
╔✪
╚═════ <✍ > ═╝
🚪🏃
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Forwarded from H J
Apoptosis vs. Necrosis
Diffen
Whereas apoptosis is a form of cell death that is generally triggered by normal, healthy processes in the body, necrosis is cell death that is triggered by external factors or disease, such as trauma or infection. Apoptosis, which can also occur as a defense mechanism during healing processes, is almost always normal and beneficial to an organism, while necrosis is always abnormal and harmful. Though necrosis is being researched as a possible form of programmed cell death (that is, a sometimes natural process), it is considered an "unprogrammed" (unnatural) cell death process at this time. As a usually healthy form of a cell's life cycle, apoptosis rarely demands any form of medical treatment, but untreated necrosis can lead to serious injury or even death.
Diffen
Whereas apoptosis is a form of cell death that is generally triggered by normal, healthy processes in the body, necrosis is cell death that is triggered by external factors or disease, such as trauma or infection. Apoptosis, which can also occur as a defense mechanism during healing processes, is almost always normal and beneficial to an organism, while necrosis is always abnormal and harmful. Though necrosis is being researched as a possible form of programmed cell death (that is, a sometimes natural process), it is considered an "unprogrammed" (unnatural) cell death process at this time. As a usually healthy form of a cell's life cycle, apoptosis rarely demands any form of medical treatment, but untreated necrosis can lead to serious injury or even death.
Forwarded from H J
Apoptotic and Necrotic Processes
Both apoptosis and necrosis can be seen as part of a spectrum of shared biochemical events that both result in some form of cellular death.
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death (PCD), causes cells to shrink, develop blebs (bubble-like spots) on the cell membrane, undergo degradation of genetic and protein materials in the nucleus, and have their mitochondria break down, thus releasing cytochrome. The fragments are each wrapped in their own membrane, with other chemicals (such as ATP and UTP) released freely. These chemicals lead macrophages — cell-eating bodies — to find and eliminate the dead cells and their fragments. This "eat me" message is triggered by a phospholipid normally inert in a cell's membrane, and the macrophages in turn release cytokines that inhibit inflammatory responses.
In contrast, necrotic cells swell or may form vacuoles on their surface, with interior structures either distending or shrinking rapidly, destroying the cell's processes and chemical structures. The unregulated release of cytochrome and the cell membrane's phospholipid (called phosphatidylserine) causes immediate reactions in surrounding tissues, leading to swelling (inflammation) and edema; it also often triggers other cell deaths through apoptosis. Unlike apoptosis, necrotic cells are not targeted by macrophages for cleaning of their cellular debris, so the effects of the cell rupture can spread quickly and throughout the body for long periods of time.
Both apoptosis and necrosis can be seen as part of a spectrum of shared biochemical events that both result in some form of cellular death.
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death (PCD), causes cells to shrink, develop blebs (bubble-like spots) on the cell membrane, undergo degradation of genetic and protein materials in the nucleus, and have their mitochondria break down, thus releasing cytochrome. The fragments are each wrapped in their own membrane, with other chemicals (such as ATP and UTP) released freely. These chemicals lead macrophages — cell-eating bodies — to find and eliminate the dead cells and their fragments. This "eat me" message is triggered by a phospholipid normally inert in a cell's membrane, and the macrophages in turn release cytokines that inhibit inflammatory responses.
In contrast, necrotic cells swell or may form vacuoles on their surface, with interior structures either distending or shrinking rapidly, destroying the cell's processes and chemical structures. The unregulated release of cytochrome and the cell membrane's phospholipid (called phosphatidylserine) causes immediate reactions in surrounding tissues, leading to swelling (inflammation) and edema; it also often triggers other cell deaths through apoptosis. Unlike apoptosis, necrotic cells are not targeted by macrophages for cleaning of their cellular debris, so the effects of the cell rupture can spread quickly and throughout the body for long periods of time.