📩What is the cause of price escalation in public building construction? And their treatment?

👉There are several factors that can cause price escalation in public building construction, including:

1. Increased demand for construction materials and labor, leading to higher prices
2. Changes in regulations or building codes that require additional materials or labor
3. Delays or disruptions in the construction process, leading to increased costs
4. Fluctuations in the economy, such as inflation or changes in interest rates
5. Unforeseen circumstances or emergencies that require additional expenses

To address price escalation in public building construction, project managers and stakeholders can consider the following strategies:

1. Conduct thorough cost estimations and feasibility studies before starting the project to identify potential risks and costs.
2. Implement effective project management practices to minimize delays and disruptions.
3. Regularly review and update project budgets to account for changes in costs.
4. Negotiate prices with suppliers and contractors to secure better deals.
5. Consider alternative materials or construction methods that may be more cost-effective.
6. Monitor market trends and conditions to anticipate potential price increases.
7. Seek input and advice from industry experts and consultants to help mitigate risks and control costs.

@etconp

👉ቻይና በጨረቃ ላይ ጥቅም ላይ የሚውሉ ጡቦችን ሰራች

🚧የቻይና ሳይንቲስቶች በጨረቃ ላይ የመጀመሪያውን ግምባታ ለማድረግ ጥቅም ላይ የሚውል ከጨረቃ አፈር ጋር ተመሳሳይነት ካላቸው ቁሳቁስ ጡቦች መስራታቸው ተገለጸ፡፡

ጡቦቹ ከባህላዊ ጡቦች በሦስት እጥፍ የበለጠ ጥንካሬ እንዳላቸውና ለወደ ፊት ጨረቃ ላይ ለሚገነቡ ቤቶች ጥቅም ላይ እንደሚውሉ ነው የተነገረው፡፡

ሳይንቲስቶቹ የጨረቃ አፈርን በመጠቀም ጡቦቹን በ3ዲ ለመስራት የሚያግዝ ሮቦት መፍጠራቸውም ተገልጿል።

ቻይና በዚህ ዓመት መጀመሪያ ላይ መንኮራኩር ወደ ጨረቃ በማምጠቅ ለምርምር ጠቃሚ የሆኑ የአፈር ናሙናዎች ማምጣቷ የሚታወስ ነው፡፡

ከተለያዩ የጨረቃ አፈር ውህዶች የተሠሩት ጡቦች በጨረቃ ላይ የሚያጋጥሙ እንደ ከፍተኛ የሙቀት መጨመር እና የጠፈር ጨረርን የመቋቋም አቅማቸውን ለመገምገም በጠፈር ላይ ሙከራ እንደሚደረግባቸውም ተገልጿል፡፡

በዓለም የመጀመሪያ የሆኑት እነዚህ የጡብ ናሙናዎች ከጠፈር ሙከራ በኋላ በአውሮፓዊያኑ 2025 መጨረሻ ይመለሳሉ ተብሎ ይጠበቃል።

ቻይና እ.ኤ.አ. በ2028 እና 2035 መካከል ዓለም አቀፍ የጨረቃ ምርምር ጣቢያ ለመገንባት እቅድ እንዳላትም ቻይና ዴይሊ ዘግቧል።

@etconp

👉What Is Construction Project Management (CPM)?

⏺According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), project management is “the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of scope, cost, time, quality, and participating objectives.” You can extend PMI’s definition to construction project management, wherein a construction project manager uses the same model to achieve the same goal, only in a construction context.
At its most fundamental level, construction project management handles the planning, coordination, and execution of a construction project, whether it’s agricultural, residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, heavy civil, or environmental.

🏷Construction project management typically includes complicated tasks that can shift wildly, depending on the work at hand, and it requires strong skills in communication, deep knowledge of the building process, and the ability to problem-solve.

▶️Construction project management is a complex field, requiring knowledge in many different areas like finance, mediation, law, business, and more.

@etconp

👉የከተሞችን የመንገድ መሠረተ ልማት ግንባታ ለመምራት እና ለመቆጣጠር የሚያስችል ስታንዳርድ ላይ ውይይት ተካሄደ

የከተሞችን የመንገድ መሠረተ ልማት ግንባታ ለመምራት እና መቆጣጠር የሚያስችል ስታንዳርድ ተዘጋጅቶ ለከተማና መሠረተ ልማት ሚኒስቴር ማነጅሜንት አባላት ቀርቦ ውይይት ተደርጓል፡፡

በሀገር አቀፍ ደረጃ የሚገነቡ መሠረተ ልማቶች በተቀመጠላቸው ስታንዳርድ እና ሊከት እየተገነቡ እንደሆነ ይታወቃል ነገር ግን መንገዶቹ በሚገነቡበት ወቅት አቋርጠው የሚያልፏቸውን ከተሞች ፕላን ታሳቢ በማድረግ ግንባታ እንዲካሄድ የሚያስገድድ ስታንዳርድ እና መሰል የህግ ማዕቀፍ ባለመኖሩ በርካታ በከተሞች የሚገነቡ መሠረት ልማቶች በከተሞቹ ፕላን እንዳይመሩ እንቅፋት እንደነበር በቀረበው ሰነድ ተገልጿል፡፡

ከተሞቻችን አሁን ላይ በፍጥነት እያደጉ እና በዛ ልክ መምራት የሚያስችል እና ከለሎች አለማት ጋር ተወዳዳር ከተሞችን መገንባት ካልቻልን የሀገራችን ከተሞችን እድገት ፈታኝ እንደሚያደረገው በሚኒስቴር መ/ቤቱ የከተሞች መሠረተ ልማት መሪ ሥራ አስፈጻሚ ደስክ ሃላፊ አቶ ያስን ሲራጅ ተናግረዋል፡፡

የከተሞች የመንገድ መሠረተ ልማት ዝርጋታ ስታንዳርድ የከተሞችን መሠረታዊ ፕላን ለማስጠበቅ እና አላግባብ የሚባክነውን ሀብት እና ጊዜ ለመቆጣጠር እንደሁም በየጊዜው እያደገ የሚመጣውን ከተሜነት ጥያቄ በአግባቡ ለመመለስ ከፍተኛ ጠቀሜታ እንዳለው ተገልጿል፡፡

የመንገድ መሠረተ ልማት ለከተማ እድገት ያለውን ፋይዳ ግምት ውስጥ በማሰገባት የቀረበው ስታንዳርድ ሁሉም ባለድርሻ አካለት ተካተው ተጨማሪ ግብአት እንድሰባሰብ፤ የክልሎቻችን እና ከተሞቻችን ነበራዊ ሁነታና እንድሁም የከተሞቻችንን የዕድገት ሚጣነ ታሰቢ በማድረግ ሰነዱ እንድዳብር በርካታ ሀሳቦች ቀርበው ውይይት ተደርጓል፡፡
የመንገድ ስራ ዲዛይን ሲደረግ በከተሞች በዋናነት ትኩረት የሚደረግባቸው የዕግረኛ መንገድ፣ የብስክሌት መንገድ፣ መኪና ማቆሚ፣ አደባባዮች፣ ውበትን የተላበሱ ዕጽዋቶች፣ የማረፊያ ቦታዎች፣ መጸዳጃ ቤቶች፣ የእግረኛ ማቋረጫ መንገዶች፣ የመንገድ ዳር መብራቶች፣ እና ቅንጅታዊ አሠራሮችን (ውሃ፣ መብራት፣ የቴሌ እና የፍሳሽ ማስወገጃዎች እና የመሳሰሉት) ታሳቢ ያደረገ ስታንዳርድ መዘጋጀቱም ተገልጿል፡፡

የከተማና መሠረተ-ልማት ሚኒስቴር ሚኒስትር ክብርት ወ/ሮ ጫልቱ ሳኒ ከተሞቻችን ትላንት በነበረው እሳቤ እና መረዳት ብቻ መምራት እንደማይችል ገልጸው ከተሞቻችን በፍጥነት እያደጉ በመሆናቸው በዛው ልክ ነባራዊ አለም አቀፍ ጉዳዮችን ታሰቢ በማድረግ መመራት አለባቸው ብለዋል፡፡

ከከተሞች ፈጣን ዕድገት ጋር ተያይዞ አሠራሮችና የህብረተሰቡ ፍላጎት እየተቀየሩ በመምጣታቸው ቀድሞ የነበረውን አሰራር መቀየር አስፈላጊ በመሆኑ እና በአዋጅ 1263/2014 ለሚኒስቴር መ/ቤተቸችን የተሰጠ ስልጣን በመሆኑ ስታንዳርዱን ማዘጋጀት እንዳስፈለገ ተናግረዋል፡፡

ቀድመው የነበሩት ስታንዳረዶች ልማዳዊ አሰራሮችን ተከትለው የሚሄዱ፣ ከአሁኑ ዘመን አስተሳሰብ እና ወቅቱ ከሚጠይቀው ቴክኖሎጅ ጋር ያልተጣጣሙ፣ የመሠረተ ልማት ገንብ ተቋማት ተናበውና በቅንጅት ስለማይሠሩ አንዱ ተቋም የሠራውን ሌላው እያፈረሰው ስለሚሄድ ሀገራችን ለከፍተኛ የሀብት ብክነት ተዳርጋ መቆቷን ክብርት ሚኒስትሯ አንስተዋል፡፡

በመጨረሻም እንደሀገር ወጥነት ያለው የመንገድ መሰረተ ልማት ዝርጋታ ደረጃ(Standard) በአስገዳጅ ሁኔታ ማስተግበር በሚያስችል አኳኋን ሰነዱ ተዘጋጅቶ እና ተጨማሪ ውይይቶች ተደርገው ግብአት ተካቶበት እንዲቀርብና አሳስበዋል፡፡

@etconp

👉ከመገናኛ እስከ ቦሌ ኤርፖርት ያለው የኮሪደር ፕሮጀክት በመጠናቀቅ ላይ ነው።

በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር በምክትል ከንቲባ ማዕረግ ዋና ሥራ አስኪያጅ ጥራቱ በየነ ለመገናኛ ብዙኃን በሰጡት ገለጻ 4.3 ኪሎሜትር የሚሸፍነው መንገድ ከዚህ ቀደም የቀለበት መንገድ እና የተሽከርካሪዎች ፍጥነት የሚስተዋልበት የነበረ መሆኑን አስታውሰዋል።

አስቸጋሪ የነበረውን መንገድ በማሻሻል አዲስ የአስፓልት ስራዎችን በማከናወን ለእግረኛ እና ለተሽከርካሪዎች ምቹ መንገድ እንደተፈጠረም አብራርተዋል።

በቦሌ ቦራ አካባቢ 58 ሜትር  የመሬት ውስጥ መሻገሪያ እንደተሰራ ብሎም በመገናኛም ተመሳሳይ Underpass እንደሚገነባ ዋና ሥራ አስኪያጁ አንስተዋል።

የመገናኛ ቦሌ ኮሪደር ልማት የSmart light ቴክኖሎጂን ያቀፈ ለተሽከርካሪዎች  ለባይስክል እና ለእግረኞች የተመቸ ሆኖ ለአገልግሎት ክፍት መሆኑም ተጠቁሟል።

@etconp

Intercon Construction Chemicals 
    
👉 Authorized agent of MC (Conmix), Weber and SIMENTEK

● Concrete Admixtures
● Bonding Agents
● Waterproofings
● Concrete Repair, Grout   
● Tile Adhesive & Tile Joint Fillers 
● Wall Putty, Prime Coat, Rush Coat
● Quartz, Contextra
● Specialized paints (Thermal and Insulation Paints, Street and Playground Paints)
● Floor hardener, Epoxy              
● Geotextiles, Geo-membranes and other construction chemicals and materials

Tel: 0961955555 or 0961955559
Address: Signal, around signal mall

ታምራት  ፕሌት እና ጄቦልት አቅራቢ

👉ሁሉን በአንድ ቦታ የሚያገኙበት እና ለሁሉም ቅርብ

🔰ምን ይፈልጋሉ?

📌ፕሌትና ጄቦልት በፈለጉት አይነት የተዘጋጀ አለን

✂️ላሜራ ማስቆራረጥ ማስበሳት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ከፈለጉ  እንዳያስቡ ሁሉንም ማሽኖች አስገብተናል

🔗ፌሮ (ቶንዲኖ) ጥርስ ማስበጀት ወይንም ማሳጠፍ ካሰቡ ለሱም ማሽኑ በጃችን ነዉ

📐ማንኛዉንም የሞደፊክ ስራዎችን የሚሰሩ ብቁ ባለሙያዎችም አሉን

☎️ይደዉሉልን ያማክሩን

📍ኢትዮጵያ ዉስጥ የትም እንልክሎታለን

አድራሻችን፦ 1. መርካቶ
                   ቁ.1 አየር ጤና
                    ቁ.3 ተክለሀይማኖት

0904040477
0911016833

👉PART 3 ከባለፈው የቀጠለ ጥያቄ?

🤚ሰናይ ቀን ! ለጓደኞቻችሁ' ያጋሩ!

Q16. What is allowable moisture content in Fine aggregate for the concrete mix?

answers:- We won’t use the aggregate if its moisture content is more than 5%.

Q17. What do you mean by segregation?

answer:-  Segregation is a separation of cement, sand from aggregate. This is caused due to Water cement ratio and when concrete is poured about
more than 1.5m

Q18. What is Seepage?

answers:- Slow percolation of water through soil is called Seepage.

Q19. What is the Compressive Strength of brick?

answers:-
Second class brick-70kg/cm2
First class brick-105kg/cm2
Fire brick-125kg/cm2

Q20. How do you check the quality of cement on the site?

answers:-
1. Date of Mfg: Cement strength decreases with its age.
2. Color: Colour should be grey with light greenish shade and it should be uniform. Color gives an indication of excess lime or clay.
3. Float test: A good cement won’t float if you throw a cement in water.
4. When you put your hand in cement bag you should feel cool.

📩እናመስግናለን! እያበረታታችሁን ላላችሁ🙏

🏷ሀሳብ፣ አስተያየታቸውን አድርሱን
ተጨማሪ ይጠቅማል የምትሉትን ላኩልን 💫

@etconp

👉7 𝑹𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒀𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝑶𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝑩𝒖𝒅𝒈𝒆𝒕

"Rising costs are common in construction industry, 9 out of 10 projects experience overrun"–International Journal of Innovation, Management & Technology

🚧𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐧 𝐈𝐧 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭?

Any unexpected incurred cost cause project to exceed overall budget terms agreed to with client

▶️𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐧?

1》𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐝𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 𝐝𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞

Rework has become a common trope in construction industry, as high as 70% design inconsistencies or errors rework incidents

-Construction errors(Improper installation)
-Omissions/errors made in design process
-Mistake made in fabrication
-Customer requested revisions

2》𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬’ 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐠

Contractor, who receive payment after completing part of project face a financing challenge balancing multiple projects & budgets

They have to be able to certify sufficient funds are available to undertake projects & make payroll

3》𝐏𝐚𝐲𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐲

With small cash reserve on hand, it's a challenge to pay subcontractors, failure to timely pay for completed work makes it difficult for contractor to meet project objective/timeline

4》𝐋𝐚𝐜𝐤 𝐨𝐟 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬’ 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞

Projects become more complicated & require more time & expertise to complete.

Lack of experience result expensive rework as a risk.

5》𝐏𝐨𝐨𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐄𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

Estimators determine resources expenditure to complete project based on plan & specs, a process involves collecting & analyzing large amounts of independent, but related, cost & non-cost data

As projects carry high degree of uncertainty & much is unknown until projects break ground

As a result, cost estimates might be inaccurate & lead to a cost overrun due to following causes

-Cost estimator is overly optimistic
-Use unreliable estimate data
-Absence of a national database to base prices on
-Estimator lack experience & honest mistakes

6》𝐏𝐨𝐨𝐫 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 (𝐁𝐈𝐃) 𝐃𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬

-Miscommunication between contractor & designer
-Insufficient details in working drawings & lack of coordination between parties
-Lack of human resources in design firm
-Designer lack knowledge of available material & equipment
-Use incomplete shop drawings & specs

7》𝐏𝐨𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭

Not knowing what you have on hand or planning can result in time spent waiting for materials to arrive result cost overrun in lost productivity Impacting
-Labor
-Admin & management
-Reduced material budget
-Lengthen timeline
-Degraded reputation

🏷𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐭𝐨 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥 𝐂𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐮𝐧 𝐈𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬?

-Construction Project Forecast
-Seek Financial Support
-Hire Right Team
-Employ Productivity & Collaboration Tools

Via Yonatan tadesse PMP

@etconp

👉in construction projects, Design and Build and Turnkey contracts are two common project delivery methods that assign responsibilities differently between the contractor and the client. Here's a comparison between the two:

🏷1. Design and Build:

⏺Definition: In a Design and Build contract, the contractor is responsible for both the design and the construction of the project.
The client typically provides a set of project requirements or specifications, and the contractor designs and builds accordingly.

⏺Scope of Responsibility: The contractor is responsible for:
Creating the design. Executing the construction according to the approved design.

⏺Client Involvement: The client has more involvement in the design process, as they need to approve the design before construction begins.

⏺Risk Allocation: The contractor assumes the risk for both design errors and construction issues, but the client may share the risk if they approve designs that lead to issues later on.

⏺Cost Control: There may be more flexibility for price adjustments since design changes can occur during the project.

💫Advantages

▶️ Faster project delivery, as design and construction can overlap.
▶️Single point of responsibility for both design and construction.

💫Disadvantages

⏹ Limited client control over the design once the contract is awarded.
⏹Higher potential for disputes if the design isn't aligned with the client's expectations.

🏷2. Turnkey

⏺Definition: In a Turnkey contract, the contractor takes complete responsibility for the design, construction, and final delivery of a fully operational project. The term "turnkey" refers to the idea that the client can "turn the key" to a fully functional facility upon completion, without needing to handle any design or construction aspects.

⏺Scope of Responsibility: The contractor is responsible for:
Both design and construction, similar to Design and Build.
Delivering a complete and operational project that meets the client’s specifications.

⏺Client Involvement: Minimal client involvement once the contract is signed. The contractor handles everything from start to finish.

⏺Risk Allocation: The contractor assumes the full risk for delivering the project. The client transfers both design and construction risks to the contractor.

⏺Cost Control: Turnkey contracts often have a fixed price, reducing the client’s exposure to cost overruns. However, any changes requested by the client during the project could result in additional costs.

💫Advantages

▶️Less involvement required from the client during the project.
▶️The client receives a fully operational facility upon completion.
▶️Fewer potential for design and construction disputes since the contractor handles everything.

💫Disadvantages

⏹The client has very little control over the design and construction process.
⏹Any changes or additional requirements requested after contract signing can be costly.

Via Yonatan Tadesse PMP

@etconp