A companion chatbot is an AI persona built for an ongoing relationship rather than a task. Mechanics, statutory definitions, ad economics and open disputes.

Gen Z is the demographic cohort born 1997 to 2012, aged 14 to 29 in 2026. How the label turns into an age bracket in a bid request, and where that breaks down.

Ad personalization selects which advertisement a person sees from data held about that person. The signals, serving modes, revenue claims and legal limits.

Age-gating is the access control that admits a user by age or turns them away. How gates are built, what they switch off in an ad request, and where they fail.

Churn is the rate at which customers stop paying over a period. How the figure is calculated, why its denominator is disputed, and what it costs marketers.

Dark pattern: interface design that steers people into choices they did not intend, now restricted by EU, Californian and Australian consumer and privacy law.

A residential proxy routes traffic through a home internet connection so requests carry a household IP address. Mechanics, supply, fraud uses and disputes.

webOS is LG's Linux-based smart TV operating system and the advertising layer attached to it: home screen placements, viewing data and a device identifier.

Quality Attention is the IAS score rating whether an ad impression was likely noticed. Mechanics, the 1 to 100 scoring scale, vendor claims, limits and rivals.

Google redesigned Search results across the EEA, Business Profile posts get view counts again, and ChatGPT Shopping now leans harder on product feeds.

Bedrock's containerized DSP handles bid decisioning, with Subjective curating signals. Streaming TV runs first, and mobile app plus display are set to follow.

AMC is Amazon Marketing Cloud, a clean room for querying pseudonymised ad and shopping signals. How the queries run, what they cost and where the limits bite.

Gmail is the inbox channel inside Google's Demand Gen campaign type. How the collapsed teaser renders, what a click costs, and why French regulators fined it.

Minority sports coverage ended at midnight on June 30 for handball, futsal and basketball bodies now distributing alone. What the retreat leaves for CTV buyers.

Premium properties get 30 cards, while segments, API access and card-level comparisons stay unsupported. Published boards are visible to the whole property.

An ad is a paid message an advertiser places in space or time that somebody else controls. How the object is built, counted, labelled and where it is disputed.

Facebook is Meta's oldest social network and a bundle of ad placements sold through one auction. Inside the mechanics, the money, the origins and the disputes.

LinkedIn is Microsoft's professional network and its B2B ad platform. Auction mechanics, the declared-attribute targeting graph, measurement and open disputes.

Instagram is Meta's photo and video app and, for advertisers, a set of placements inside Meta's single ad auction. How the buying, formats and rules now work.

Sites must register and accept a policy capping use to trust, rate limiting and invalid traffic detection. Trial spans Chrome 154 to 165. What happens next?