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🇵🇸 Black September - 1970 | PPPA
On the anniversary of the September 1970 massacre in Jordan
"Beware of the Jordanian regime because it will rise anew"
Artist / Designer / Photographer
Marc Rudin/Jihad Mansour (1945-2023) Year - 1971
Black September Collection - 10 Sept 1970 | Palestine Poster Project Archive
#BlackSeptember #Jordan #Poster #Archive #History
On the anniversary of the September 1970 massacre in Jordan
"Beware of the Jordanian regime because it will rise anew"
Artist / Designer / Photographer
Marc Rudin/Jihad Mansour (1945-2023) Year - 1971
Black September Collection - 10 Sept 1970 | Palestine Poster Project Archive
#BlackSeptember #Jordan #Poster #Archive #History
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🇵🇸 Black September
Refers to the conflict that was fought between the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO), under the leadership of Yasser Arafat, and the Jordanian Armed Forces, under the leadership of King Hussein primarily between 16 and 27 September 1970, with certain actions continuing until July 1971.
On 1 September 1970, there were several failed attempts to assassinate the king. On 7 September, in the series of Dawson's Field hijackings, three planes were hijacked by the PFLP: SwissAir and TWA jets that were landed in Jordan's Azraq area, and a Pan Am jet that was flown to Cairo. On 9 September, a BOAC flight from Bahrain was hijacked to Zarqa. The PFLP announced that the hijackings were intended "to bring special attention to the Palestinian problem". After all hostages were removed, the planes were dramatically blown up in front of TV cameras. Directly confronting and angering the King, the rebels declared the Irbid area a "liberated region.
The civil war determined if Jordan would be ruled by the Palestine Liberation Organisation or the Hashemite monarchy. The war resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian. Armed conflict ended with the expulsion of the PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon.
#Palestine #PalestinianResistance #PalestinianFactions #FPLP #PLO #YasserArafat #Jordan #KingHussein #Amman #BlackSeptember #BlackSeptemberWar #PlaneHijacking #Hijacking #Resistance #DawsonField
Refers to the conflict that was fought between the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO), under the leadership of Yasser Arafat, and the Jordanian Armed Forces, under the leadership of King Hussein primarily between 16 and 27 September 1970, with certain actions continuing until July 1971.
On 1 September 1970, there were several failed attempts to assassinate the king. On 7 September, in the series of Dawson's Field hijackings, three planes were hijacked by the PFLP: SwissAir and TWA jets that were landed in Jordan's Azraq area, and a Pan Am jet that was flown to Cairo. On 9 September, a BOAC flight from Bahrain was hijacked to Zarqa. The PFLP announced that the hijackings were intended "to bring special attention to the Palestinian problem". After all hostages were removed, the planes were dramatically blown up in front of TV cameras. Directly confronting and angering the King, the rebels declared the Irbid area a "liberated region.
The civil war determined if Jordan would be ruled by the Palestine Liberation Organisation or the Hashemite monarchy. The war resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian. Armed conflict ended with the expulsion of the PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon.
#Palestine #PalestinianResistance #PalestinianFactions #FPLP #PLO #YasserArafat #Jordan #KingHussein #Amman #BlackSeptember #BlackSeptemberWar #PlaneHijacking #Hijacking #Resistance #DawsonField
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🇵🇸 PLO: History of a Revolution - Black September | AJ Documentary 2009
In the second episode of this six-part series, Al Jazeera looks at the events that led to the PLO's expulsion from Jordan and the birth of the Black September Organisation.
#Palestine #Jordan #PLO #Fatah #BlackSeptember #Syria #BlackSeptemberOrganisation #BlackSeptemberWar #History
#Documentary
In the second episode of this six-part series, Al Jazeera looks at the events that led to the PLO's expulsion from Jordan and the birth of the Black September Organisation.
#Palestine #Jordan #PLO #Fatah #BlackSeptember #Syria #BlackSeptemberOrganisation #BlackSeptemberWar #History
#Documentary
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🇵🇸 Black September - The Battle For Amman 1970 ( Jordan )
The battle between the Palestinian commandos and the Jordanian Army ,at the end of it whole areas of Amman, Irbid and other main towns lay in ruins. The Palestinians claimed 25,000 had died in the fighting.
#BlackSeptember #Amman #Jordan #JAF #History #Documentary
The battle between the Palestinian commandos and the Jordanian Army ,at the end of it whole areas of Amman, Irbid and other main towns lay in ruins. The Palestinians claimed 25,000 had died in the fighting.
#BlackSeptember #Amman #Jordan #JAF #History #Documentary
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🇵🇸 Pakistan Role in Black September General Zia Ul Haq In 1970 Massacre
it is obvious that to crush Palestinians under Jordanian General was impossible. Jordanian Generals in command of the forces would not have allowed that.
Since King of Jordan could not have trusted Jordanian Generals or commanders for such operation, Zia-ul-Haq was chosen for the job. Black September operation started on 16th September.
Then the head of Pakistani training mission to Jordan, Brigadier Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, took command of the 2nd division.
The 2nd Division helped kill and cleanse the Palestinians (est. 25,000 dead) from Jordan.
Zia was stationed in Jordan since 1967 to 1970, as a Brigadier and helped in training and organizing Jordan forces and played a pivotal role in Black September Operation while leading 2nd Division of Jordan Army, which in turn proved crucial for King Hussein remaining in power.
#Palestine #Resistance #Jordan #KingHussein #BlackSeptember #Pakistan #History
it is obvious that to crush Palestinians under Jordanian General was impossible. Jordanian Generals in command of the forces would not have allowed that.
Since King of Jordan could not have trusted Jordanian Generals or commanders for such operation, Zia-ul-Haq was chosen for the job. Black September operation started on 16th September.
Then the head of Pakistani training mission to Jordan, Brigadier Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, took command of the 2nd division.
The 2nd Division helped kill and cleanse the Palestinians (est. 25,000 dead) from Jordan.
Zia was stationed in Jordan since 1967 to 1970, as a Brigadier and helped in training and organizing Jordan forces and played a pivotal role in Black September Operation while leading 2nd Division of Jordan Army, which in turn proved crucial for King Hussein remaining in power.
#Palestine #Resistance #Jordan #KingHussein #BlackSeptember #Pakistan #History
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🇵🇸 Leila Khaled: Icon of Palestinian Liberation
Leila came to public attention for her role in the TWA Flight 840 hijacking in 1969 and one of the four simultaneous #DawsonField hijackings the following year as part of the campaign of #BlackSeptember in #Jordan. The first woman to hijack an airplane,she was later released in a prisoner exchange for civilian hostages kidnapped by other PFLP members
On August 29, 1969, Leila was part of a team that hijacked #TWAFlight840 on its way from Rome to Tel Aviv, diverting the Boeing 707 to Damascus
No one was injured, but after the passengers disembarked, the hijackers blew up the nose section of the aircraft. After this hijacking, and a photograph of her holding an AK-47 rifle and wearing a #kaffiyeh
she underwent six plastic surgery operations on her nose and chin to conceal her identity and allow her to take part in a future hijacking, and because she did not want to wear the face of an #icon.
Biography – Palquest
#LeilaKhaled #PFLP #Resistance #Palestine
Leila came to public attention for her role in the TWA Flight 840 hijacking in 1969 and one of the four simultaneous #DawsonField hijackings the following year as part of the campaign of #BlackSeptember in #Jordan. The first woman to hijack an airplane,she was later released in a prisoner exchange for civilian hostages kidnapped by other PFLP members
On August 29, 1969, Leila was part of a team that hijacked #TWAFlight840 on its way from Rome to Tel Aviv, diverting the Boeing 707 to Damascus
No one was injured, but after the passengers disembarked, the hijackers blew up the nose section of the aircraft. After this hijacking, and a photograph of her holding an AK-47 rifle and wearing a #kaffiyeh
she underwent six plastic surgery operations on her nose and chin to conceal her identity and allow her to take part in a future hijacking, and because she did not want to wear the face of an #icon.
Biography – Palquest
#LeilaKhaled #PFLP #Resistance #Palestine
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🇵🇸 Leila Khaled The Orange Tree | 2015 Documentary
The original and best documentary about the remarkable Leila Khaled, Palestinian Freedom Fighter, Hijacker, Peace Activist.
Dir Rola Mansour, Producer Philip Lloyd
#Palestine #Liberation #Resistance #LeilaKhaled #FreedomFighter #Hijacker #Hijacking #PlaneHijacking
#BlackSeptember #PFLP #History #Fedayeen #Documentary
The original and best documentary about the remarkable Leila Khaled, Palestinian Freedom Fighter, Hijacker, Peace Activist.
Dir Rola Mansour, Producer Philip Lloyd
#Palestine #Liberation #Resistance #LeilaKhaled #FreedomFighter #Hijacker #Hijacking #PlaneHijacking
#BlackSeptember #PFLP #History #Fedayeen #Documentary
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🇵🇸 The Wailing Wall of Palestine: Black September | 2020
This was the time when the Marxist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (#PFLP) came into being and would later on achieve a cult status within the Third World and a terrorist one without for their spectacular plane hijackings across the world. This was also the period when Israeli Prime Minister #GoldaMeir had infamously said, “There is no such thing as a Palestinian people.” So for the Palestinians the challenge was dual: to prove their identity as well as their independence.
Israel’s capture of the #WestBank in the 1967 war meant that Palestinians swelled into tiny #Jordan altering the demographic balance; which in turn meant that the only way King Hussein could remain the head of an artificially-carved country was to rely on #imperialism and Israeli #colonialism this hitherto has been the fate of the two other artificially created Arab states in the region, Kuwait and to a greater extent #Lebanon
#Palestine #BlackSeptember #History
This was the time when the Marxist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (#PFLP) came into being and would later on achieve a cult status within the Third World and a terrorist one without for their spectacular plane hijackings across the world. This was also the period when Israeli Prime Minister #GoldaMeir had infamously said, “There is no such thing as a Palestinian people.” So for the Palestinians the challenge was dual: to prove their identity as well as their independence.
Israel’s capture of the #WestBank in the 1967 war meant that Palestinians swelled into tiny #Jordan altering the demographic balance; which in turn meant that the only way King Hussein could remain the head of an artificially-carved country was to rely on #imperialism and Israeli #colonialism this hitherto has been the fate of the two other artificially created Arab states in the region, Kuwait and to a greater extent #Lebanon
#Palestine #BlackSeptember #History
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🇵🇸 Black September Organisation - 1/2
In addition to sowing civil war and the disintegration of Lebanon, the 1970 Jordanian-Palestinian war led to the creation of the Palestinian #BlackSeptember movement. The BSO was created in 1971, as a small cell or #commando faction that split from the PLO, specifically the Fatah #faction. Recruits from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (#PFLP), as-Sa’iqa and other groups also joined.
Initially, most BSO members were #Fatah dissidents who had been close to Abu Ali Iyad, the commander of Fatah forces in northern #Jordan. He continued to fight the Jordanian army after the withdrawal of the #PLO leadership. He was killed, allegedly by execution, by Jordanian forces on 23 July 1971. According to them, the Jordanian Prime Minister at the time, #WasfiTal, was personally responsible for his torture and death.
#BlackSeptemberOrganisation #BSO #AbuAliIyad #Palestine #Resistance #History #Documentary
In addition to sowing civil war and the disintegration of Lebanon, the 1970 Jordanian-Palestinian war led to the creation of the Palestinian #BlackSeptember movement. The BSO was created in 1971, as a small cell or #commando faction that split from the PLO, specifically the Fatah #faction. Recruits from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (#PFLP), as-Sa’iqa and other groups also joined.
Initially, most BSO members were #Fatah dissidents who had been close to Abu Ali Iyad, the commander of Fatah forces in northern #Jordan. He continued to fight the Jordanian army after the withdrawal of the #PLO leadership. He was killed, allegedly by execution, by Jordanian forces on 23 July 1971. According to them, the Jordanian Prime Minister at the time, #WasfiTal, was personally responsible for his torture and death.
#BlackSeptemberOrganisation #BSO #AbuAliIyad #Palestine #Resistance #History #Documentary
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🇵🇸 PFLP Ghassan Kanafani, Richard Carleton interview | 1970
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine spokesman Ghassan Kanafani interviewed by Richard Carleton, #Beirut 1970. The conflict was fought between the Palestine Liberation Organisation (#PLO )under the leadership of #YasserArafat, and the Jordanian Armed Forces under the leadership of #KingHussein. At its core the civil war sought to determine if Jordan would be ruled by the Palestine Liberation Organisation or the Hashemite Monarchy. The war resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian. Armed conflict ended with the expulsion of the PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon. In 1972, #GhassanKanafani and his niece were killed in a car bomb set by the #Mossad outside his home, he was 36.
#Palestine #PFLP #Fedayeen #Jordan #Lebanon #BlackSeptember #History #Documentary
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine spokesman Ghassan Kanafani interviewed by Richard Carleton, #Beirut 1970. The conflict was fought between the Palestine Liberation Organisation (#PLO )under the leadership of #YasserArafat, and the Jordanian Armed Forces under the leadership of #KingHussein. At its core the civil war sought to determine if Jordan would be ruled by the Palestine Liberation Organisation or the Hashemite Monarchy. The war resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, the vast majority Palestinian. Armed conflict ended with the expulsion of the PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian fighters to Lebanon. In 1972, #GhassanKanafani and his niece were killed in a car bomb set by the #Mossad outside his home, he was 36.
#Palestine #PFLP #Fedayeen #Jordan #Lebanon #BlackSeptember #History #Documentary
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🇵🇸 PLO: History of a Revolution - Episode 1 | Al Jazeera Documentary Jul 2009
Masters of their own Destiny is the first episode in Al Jazeera's six-part series on the history of the Palestine Liberation Organisation. It looks at the challenges encountered as Palestinians sought to wrest control of their own destiny from Arab regimes and create an independent Palestinian organisation that would lead the struggle for a national home.
Episode 2 : Black September
#BlackSeptember
#Palestine #Resistance #History #PLO #Documentary
E1
Masters of their own Destiny is the first episode in Al Jazeera's six-part series on the history of the Palestine Liberation Organisation. It looks at the challenges encountered as Palestinians sought to wrest control of their own destiny from Arab regimes and create an independent Palestinian organisation that would lead the struggle for a national home.
Episode 2 : Black September
#BlackSeptember
#Palestine #Resistance #History #PLO #Documentary
E1